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Multistage Liquid-Liquid Extraction Guide

The document contains a series of conceptual and numerical questions related to multistage liquid-liquid extraction processes. It covers principles, comparisons, equations, and applications of extraction methods, as well as specific problem-solving scenarios involving calculations of solute recovery and stage efficiency. The content is aimed at understanding the theoretical and practical aspects of extraction techniques in industrial applications.

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Zannatun Naim
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23 views1 page

Multistage Liquid-Liquid Extraction Guide

The document contains a series of conceptual and numerical questions related to multistage liquid-liquid extraction processes. It covers principles, comparisons, equations, and applications of extraction methods, as well as specific problem-solving scenarios involving calculations of solute recovery and stage efficiency. The content is aimed at understanding the theoretical and practical aspects of extraction techniques in industrial applications.

Uploaded by

Zannatun Naim
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Conceptual / Theory Questions

1. Explain the principle of multistage counter-current liquid–liquid extraction.


2. Compare single-stage and multistage extraction in terms of efficiency and solvent usage.
3. What is the role of operating line and equilibrium line in multistage extraction?
4. Discuss the difference between cross-current, counter-current, and co-current multistage
extraction.
5. Derive the equation for the number of stages required in a counter-current extraction process.
6. What is the Kremser equation and how is it applied in multistage extraction?
7. Define and explain "stage efficiency" in multistage extraction.
8. Explain how solvent flow rate affects the number of ideal stages required.
9. What is the effect of distribution coefficient on the design of a multistage extractor?
[Link] any two industrial applications where multistage extraction is preferred over
distillation.

Numerical / Problem-Solving Questions


1. A solute is to be recovered from 100 kg of a feed solution containing 20% solute using pure
solvent with a distribution coefficient of 0.5. Calculate the solute recovery in
(a) Single-stage extraction
(b) Two-stage cross-current extraction
2. A counter-current extraction process is carried out with a feed containing 10% solute and a
solvent-to-feed ratio of 1.2. The distribution coefficient is 0.6. Determine the number of
stages required to reduce solute in the raffinate to 1%.
3. Derive the expression for the concentration of solute in the raffinate after N ideal counter-
current stages.
4. A feed of 100 kg solution contains 30% solute A and 70% inert B. It is extracted with 60 kg
solvent (free from solute) in a two-stage counter-current extractor. The distribution
coefficient of A is 0.4. Find the final solute concentration in the raffinate.
5. Using the Kremser equation, calculate the number of stages needed to achieve 95% recovery
of solute from a feed containing 5% solute, given the solvent-to-feed ratio and distribution
coefficient.
6. A mixture of acetic acid and water is extracted using diethyl ether as a solvent. The
distribution coefficient is 1.2. If 80% of acetic acid is to be extracted, calculate the minimum
number of stages required in counter-current extraction with solvent-to-feed ratio of 0.8.
7. Prove that in an N-stage cross-current extraction, the final solute concentration in raffinate
decreases geometrically with respect to stage number.
8. A feed of 100 kg solution contains 20% solute. It is extracted in three counter-current stages
with 50 kg of solvent. The distribution coefficient is 0.5. Calculate the percentage recovery of
solute.

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