Grade 4
Math
Oak Meadow
Coursebook
Oak Meadow, Inc.
Post Office Box 1346
Brattleboro, Vermont 05302-1346
[Link]
Item #b044010
Grade
4
Introduction
Contents
Lessons
Lesson 1............................................................................. 5
Addition, Subtraction, and Skip Counting
Lesson 2........................................................................... 17
Three-Digit Addition and Subtraction
Lesson 3........................................................................... 27
Place Value and Telling Time
Lesson 4........................................................................... 35
Simple Division and Word Problems
Lesson 5........................................................................... 45
Carrying and Borrowing
Lesson 6........................................................................... 53
Division with Remainders
Lesson 7........................................................................... 59
Roman Numerals and Multi-step Word Problems
Lesson 8........................................................................... 69
Multiplication with Tens
Lesson 9........................................................................... 79
Roman Numerals to the Thousands
Lesson 10 ........................................................................ 85
Two-Digit Multiplication
iii
Contents Grade 4
Lesson 11 ........................................................................ 91
Skills Review
Lesson 12 ........................................................................ 93
Skills Review
Lesson 13 ........................................................................ 95
Weights and Measures
Lesson 14 ........................................................................ 99
Liquid Measures
Lesson 15 ...................................................................... 103
Two-Digit Multiplication
Lesson 16 ...................................................................... 109
Two-Digit Multiplication with Carrying
Lesson 17 ...................................................................... 115
Word Problems with Measuring
Lesson 18 ...................................................................... 119
More Weights and Measures
Lesson 19 ...................................................................... 123
Introduction to Fractions
Lesson 20 ...................................................................... 131
More Fractions
Lesson 21 ...................................................................... 137
Adding and Subtracting Fractions with the Same Denominator
Lesson 22 ...................................................................... 145
Money Math
Lesson 23 ...................................................................... 151
More Money Math
Lesson 24 ...................................................................... 157
Skills Review
Lesson 25 ...................................................................... 161
Rounding and Estimating
iv Oak Meadow
Grade 4 Contents
Lesson 26
Long Division .............................................................................169
Lesson 27
Long Division with Remainders ...................................................181
Lesson 28
Two-Digit Division with Tens.......................................................189
Lesson 29
Mixed Numbers .........................................................................199
Lesson 30
Improper Fractions.....................................................................205
Lesson 31
Equivalent Fractions ...................................................................217
Lesson 32
Common Denominators and Adding and Subtracting Fractions
with Different Denominators .................................................225
Lesson 33
Simplifying Fractions ..................................................................237
Lesson 34
Multiplying by 100s ....................................................................243
Lesson 35
Year-End Review .........................................................................253
Lesson 36
Year-End Assessment ..................................................................261
Appendix..................................................... 271
List of Materials
Answer Key to Lesson Practice Sets
Extra Practice Worksheets
Answer Key to Extra Practice Worksheets
Oak Meadow v
Lesson
Grade 4
2 Lesson
Three-Digit Addition and Subtraction ASSIGNMENT
SUMMARY
As we move forward this week into word problems and multi-digit addi-
■■ Practice two- and
tion and subtraction, continue to focus on anything your child struggled three-digit addition
with last week. If your child is ready to practice number combinations and subtraction.
above 20, proceed at his pace. The math games from lesson 1 can be ■■ Check addition and
subtraction answers
adapted to higher number combinations. using the opposite
process.
Remember to take advantage of daily real-life opportunities for your child
■■ Review place value
to solve simple math problems. up to four digits.
■■ Practice skip count-
New Concepts ing with large num-
bers (20, 50, 100,
Word problems are introduced this week. Encourage your child to draw 1000, etc.)
the word problem first to have a pictorial representation. Next, help your ■■ Translate word
child figure out how to turn the words into a mathematical equation problems into nu-
before solving the problem. meric equations.
Complete practice sets
For example, the first problem reads:
■■ Review Skip Count-
Jeff and Maggie went to the pet store. They saw 4 red fish and 7 blue fish. ing and Sequencing
How many fish did they see? ■■ Practice Adding and
Subtracting
Your child might draw it like this: ■■ More Practice Add-
ing and Subtracting
■■ Practice Adding and
Subtracting Larger
Numbers
■■ Practice Place Value
Next, have your child translate this into numbers. Your child can use either
■■ Word Problems for
the horizontal or vertical format: Adding and Sub-
4 + 7 = 11
tracting
4
+ 7
1 1
17
Lesson 2 Grade 4 Math
Math Word problems always get answered with words. First, they are
translated into numeric equations and solved, and then answered as
(continued)
a sentence. After your child has solved the problem in numeric form,
have him or her write the answer as a complete sentence: They saw
11 fish. This is the format to follow for all the word problems in this
book. Both the numeric equation and the written sentence form the
final answer.
Assignments
1. Practice two- and three-digit adding and subtracting on paper (with-
out borrowing and carrying). Show your child how to check addition
answers by subtracting, and check subtraction answers by adding.
Help your child develop the habit of checking all answers in this way.
2. Review the place value for each digit in a series of numbers of dif-
ferent sizes up through a place value of one thousand. Moving from
right to left, the columns are as follows: ones, tens, hundreds, thou-
sands.
3. Continue last week’s skip-counting game with 2, 5, and 10. If your
child is ready, go on to practice skip counting with 20, 50, 100, and
1,000. Practice orally with active movement, such as marching, skip-
ping, hopping, or tossing a ball).
4. Do some or all of the practice sets in this lesson:
• Review skip counting and sequencing
• Practice adding and subtracting
• More practice adding and subtracting
• Practice adding and subtracting larger numbers
• Practice place value
• Word problems for adding and subtracting
For Enrolled Students
Feel free to contact your teacher if you have any questions about the
assignments or the learning process. You will be sending a sample of work
from this lesson to your Oak Meadow teacher at the end of lesson 4.
Continue documenting your student’s process with the assignment
summary checklist and the learning assessment form.
18 Oak Meadow
Grade 4 Math Lesson 2
Reviewing Skip Counting and Sequencing
22, _____, _____, 28, 30, _____, _____, 36, _____, 40
20, 40, _____, _____, 100, _____, _____, _____, 180, _____
220, 222, 224, _____, _____, 230, 232, _____, _____, 238, _____
35, 40, _____, 50, _____, 60, 65, _____, _____, 80
300, 305, _____, _____, 320, 325, _____, _____, 340, _____, _____
0, _____, _____, 30, _____, _____, 60, _____, _____, _____, 100
200, 250, _____, _____, 400, _____, _____, 550, _____, _____, 700
110, _____, 120, _____, _____, 135, _____, _____, 150, _____, _____
70, 80, _____, _____, _____, _____, 130, _____, _____, 160, _____
430, _____, 432, _____, _____, _____, _____, _____, 438, _____, _____
100, _____, 300, _____, _____, 600, _____, _____, 900, _____
1,000, 2,000, _____, _____, _____, _____, 7,000, _____, _____, 10,000
1,001, 1,002, _____, 1,004, _____, _____, _____, 1,008, _____, 1,010
250, 300, _____, _____, 450, _____, _____, 600, _____, _____, _____, 800
5,000, 5,100, _____, _____, 5,400, _____, _____, _____, 5,800, _____, _____
Oak Meadow 19
Lesson 2 Grade 4 Math
Practice Adding and Subtracting
Note: Pay careful attention to whether it is a plus or minus sign!
21 13 56 82 55
+ 18 +5 + 23 + 17 - 34
47 66 89 123 340
- 22 - 31 - 45 + 456 + 229
4 2 6 204 421
1 3 4 + 263 + 366
2 4 7
+6 +2 +3
20 Oak Meadow
Grade 4 Math Lesson 2
More Practice Adding and Subtracting
7 8 9 11 12
-0 -5 +6 -2 +3
65 91 18 41 72
+ 12 +7 - 9 + 36 - 22
873 667 348 876 421
- 141 - 245 - 36 - 72 + 36
Oak Meadow 21
Lesson 2 Grade 4 Math
More Practice Adding and Subtracting Larger Numbers
124 416 190 276
+ 305 + 242 + 208 - 136
976 842 758 41 5
- 325 - 340 - 437 + 362
4,643 8,987 9,940 8,763
+ 246 - 3,214 - 720 - 7 21
22 Oak Meadow
Grade 4 Math Lesson 2
Practice Place Value
1. In 1,342, what digit is in the tens place?_____ What digit is in the thousands place?_____
2. In 4,874, what digit is in the hundreds place?_
3. _Write a number with 3 in the ones place and 5 in the tens place. _____________________
4. _Write a number with 4 in the thousands place, and 3 in the tens place.________________
5. Write this number in words: 627___________
6. Write this number in words: 8,645__________
7. Write a number with 2 in the thousands place, 7 in the hundreds place, and 4 in the ones
place._________________________________
8. In 3,410, in which place is the 4?___________
9. In digits, write the number six thousand, three hundred twenty-one.__________________
10. In 5,025, in what places are the 5s?_________
Oak Meadow 23
Lesson 2 Grade 4 Math
Word Problems for Adding and Subtracting
Note: Write the problem out in number form either in a line (horizontally) like this,
5 + 5 = 10, or in a column (vertically) like this: 5
+5
10
1. Jeff and Maggie went to the pet store. They saw 4 red fish and 7 blue fish. How many fish did
they see?
2. Maggie wanted to buy some fish for her aquarium. She bought 3 blue fish, 2 goldfish, and 5
tiny silver fish. How many fish did she buy?
3. Jeff was especially interested in the kittens. There were lots of kittens at the pet store. In one
cage there were 6 little newborn kittens. In another cage there were 5 bigger kittens with
short hair. In a third cage there were 7 kittens with long hair. How many kittens did the pet
store have?
4. While Maggie and Jeff were in the store, someone came in to buy some hamsters. There were
15 hamsters in the cage. The customer decided to buy 4 hamsters. How many were left?
5. In another hamster cage there were 8 hamsters. A woman came in and bought 3. How many
hamsters were left in that cage?
6. How many hamsters were bought altogether?
7. How many hamsters were left in the two cages?
24 Oak Meadow
Grade 4 Math Lesson 2
Learning Assessment Math
(continued)
These assessment rubrics are intended to help you track your student’s
progress throughout the year. Please remember that these skills continue
to develop over time. Use this space to make notes about the learning
your child demonstrates or skills that need work.
Not Yet
MATH Developing Consistent Notes
Evident
Uses addition and subtraction in daily
situations
Solves two- and three-digit addition
and subtraction without carrying or
borrowing
Solves two- and three-digit addition and
subtraction with carrying or borrowing
Checks addition and subtraction
answers using opposite process
Has memorized times tables up to 12
Solves simple division problems in
vertical format
Solves simple division problems with
remainders in vertical format
Identifies place value up to six digits
Translates word problems into
mathematical equations
Tells time and solves time questions
using an analog clock
Demonstrates understanding of odd,
even, greater than, less than, and equal
to
Oak Meadow 25
Grade 4
16 Lesson
Two-Digit Multiplication with ASSIGNMENT
SUMMARY
Carrying Q Practice two-digit
multiplication with
New Concepts carrying.
Now that your child is comfortable with multiplying two-digit numbers Complete practice sets
without carrying, we will introduce multiplication with carrying. Talk your Q Practice Two-Digit
child through the process of carrying in multiplication, step-by-step: Multipliers with
Carrying
48 Q Practice Problems
x 13
with Four Processes
Multiply the ones (3 x 8 = 24) and write the answer below as shown, put-
ting the 4 in the ones column and carrying the 2 to the tens column, just
as in carrying with addition.
2
48
x 13
4
Now multiply 3 x 4, adding the carried 2 (3 x 4 = 12 + 2 = 14), and write
the answer as shown.
2
48
x 13
144
109
Lesson 16 Grade 4 Math
Math Next, multiply the tens: 1 x 8 = 8
(continued) Remind your child that since the 1 is really a 10, the answer must start in
the tens column, and you use a zero as a place holder, like this:
2
48
x 13
144
80
Then multiply 1 x 4 = 4 and place the answer next to the 8 in the hundreds
column:
2
48
x 13
144
480
Finally, put a line underneath and add the answers together for the total:
2
48
x 13
144
+ 480
624
Complete a number of practice problems together, talking aloud as you
go through the calculations, until your child feels confident about the
process. Then switch roles and have your child do the calculations, talking
you through it as you watch.
110 Oak Meadow
Grade 4 Math Lesson 16
Assignments Math
1. Practice multiplication with two-digit multipliers with carrying. Have (continued)
your child talk through the process several times before working on
the practice sets.
2. Do some or all of the practice sets in this lesson:
• Practice two-digit multipliers with carrying
• Practice problems with four processes
For Enrolled Students
It’s time to send your next batch of lesson submissions to your Oak Meadow
teacher. Include a representative sample of your child’s work from lessons
13–16, your weekly documentation, and notes on your child’s progress.
Oak Meadow 111
Lesson 16 Grade 4 Math
Practice Two-Digit Multipliers with Carrying
67 68 70 75 49
x 59 x 27 x 13 x 32 x 28
27 67 67 54 17
x 19 x 33 x 44 x 30 x 12
96 36 66 84 66
x 58 x 13 x 32 x 57 x 18
112 Oak Meadow
Grade 4 Math Lesson 16
Practice Problems with the Four Processes
(addition, subtraction, multiplication, division)
73 53 93 43
× 22 × 23 × 31 × 33
372 623 49 )
5 26
+ 917 - 412 × 28
)
9 74 767 876 71
+ 398 - 519 × 42
36 )
12 36 161 436
× 74 + 879 - 399
532 43 )
11 61 735
- 444 × 33 + 537
Oak Meadow 113
Lesson 16 Grade 4 Math
Math Learning Assessment
(continued)
Use these assessment rubrics to track your student’s progress throughout
the year and make notes about the learning your child demonstrates or
skills that need work. Please remember that these skills continue to
develop over time.
Not Yet
MATH Developing Consistent Notes
Evident
Solves problems with two-digit
multipliers without carrying
Solves problems with two-digit
multipliers with carrying
Takes measurements and solves
problems with weights and measures
Makes conversions between different
units of measurement
Records data on a bar graph
Solves multistep word problems
Demonstrates knowledge of Roman
numerals to 1000
Uses math in daily situations
Solves two- and three-digit addition and
subtraction with carrying or borrowing
Checks addition and subtraction
answers using opposite process
Has memorized times tables up to 12
Solves simple division problems with
remainders in vertical format
Identifies place value up to seven digits
Tells time and solves time questions
using an analog clock
Demonstrates understanding of odd,
even, greater than, less than, and equal
to
114 Oak Meadow
Grade 4
17 Lesson
Word Problems with Measuring ASSIGNMENT
SUMMARY
New Concepts Q Use conversions and
the four processes
Now that we’ve reviewed teaspoons, tablespoons, cups, pints, and so on, to solve multistep
we’ll learn more about pounds and ounces. word problems.
16 ounces = 1 pound Complete practice set
Q Word Problems
To change pounds to ounces, multiply the number of pounds by 16. Using Measure-
ments
If you have access to a reasonably accurate scale, help your child collect
and weigh a variety of different items. If you do not have access to such a
MATERIALS
scale, explore weights at the market by weighing various amounts of pro- Kitchen scale
duce and reading the weights on packages of foods. Find as many oppor- (optional)
tunities as you can in daily life to explore weights and measures with your
child this week.
Now that your child is familiar with weights and measures, we can intro-
duce story problems using measurements. Story problems often contain
many steps. Work through the sample problem below with your child,
showing how each step can be written out in number form as you work
toward the solution. (Refer back to earlier lessons on measurement if
necessary.)
Renee and Julia are making a chocolate cake for their mom’s birthday.
They need 4 cups of flour, 1 cup of chocolate powder, and 2 cups of
1
sugar. They have a 2 cup measuring cup. How many times will they
1
fill the 2 cup measuring cup with flour?
1
1 cup = two 2
cups
1
4 (cups of flour) × 2 ( 2
cups) = 8
They will fill the measuring cup 8 times with flour.
115
Lesson 17 Grade 4 Math
Math How many times will they fill the measuring cup with chocolate powder?
How many times with sugar?
(continued)
1
1 (cup of chocolate) × 2 ( 2
cups) = 2
1
2 (cups of sugar) × 2 ( 2
cups) = 4
They will fill the cup 2 times with chocolate powder and 4 times with sugar.
1
How many times did Renee and Julia use the 2
cup measuring cup in
all?
8 + 2 + 4 = 14
They used it 14 times.
Assignments
1. Practice weighing amounts and converting between ounces and
pounds.
2. Work with your child on solving word problems using measurements.
Give plenty of practical experience with everyday tasks in the kitchen.
3. Do the following practice set:
• Word problems using measurements
For Enrolled Students
You will be sending the next batch of work to your Oak Meadow teacher at
the end of lesson 20. Continue to use the assignment checklist and learning
assessment form to help you organize your lessons and track your student’s
progress.
116 Oak Meadow
Grade 4 Math Lesson 17
Word Problems Using Measurements
1. Gabe and Nell made lemonade for the swim team picnic. They used a 1-cup measure to fill
two 1-gallon jugs. How many cups of lemonade did they need? Gabe poured 18 cups. How
many did Nell pour?
2. Katie and Mark are making muffins for the picnic. The recipe uses 4 cups of blueberries. The
blueberries at the market are all in 1-pint containers. How many pints will they need? How
many pints will Katie and Mark need if they decide to double the recipe?
3. Erin and Evan are making sandwiches for the picnic. They plan to make 24 sandwiches. How
many slices of bread will they need? If each 1-pound loaf of bread has 12 slices in it, how
many pounds of bread will they need? (Hint: Remember each sandwich needs two slices of
bread.)
4. Mary Ellen’s grandmother is knitting several pairs of mittens. She needs 8 balls of yarn for the
mittens. Each ball of yarn weighs 4 ounces and costs 1 dollar an ounce. How much will the
yarn cost? How much will the total amount of yarn weigh in ounces?
5. A.J. weighs 83 pounds. How many ounces does he weigh? He is 4 feet 7 inches tall. How tall
is he in inches?
6. Make a bar graph of the weights of four different children.
7. Make a bar graph of the heights, in inches, of four different items in your house.
Oak Meadow 117
Lesson 17 Grade 4 Math
Math Learning Assessment
(continued)
Use these assessment rubrics to track your student’s progress throughout
the year and make notes about the learning your child demonstrates or
skills that need work. Please remember that these skills continue to develop
over time.
Not Yet
MATH Developing Consistent Notes
Evident
Solves problems with two-digit
multipliers without carrying
Solves problems with two-digit
multipliers with carrying
Takes measurements and solves
problems with weights and measures
Makes conversions between different
units of measurement
Records data on a bar graph
Solves multistep word problems
Demonstrates knowledge of Roman
numerals to 1000
Uses math in daily situations
Solves two- and three-digit addition and
subtraction with carrying or borrowing
Checks addition and subtraction
answers using opposite process
Has memorized times tables up to 12
Solves simple division problems with
remainders in vertical format
Identifies place value up to seven digits
Tells time and solves time questions
using an analog clock
Demonstrates understanding of odd,
even, greater than, less than, and equal
to
118 Oak Meadow