ISC PHYSICS PRACTICAL FILE
Class: 12
Board: Council for the Indian School Certificate Examinations (CISCE)
Subject: Physics (Paper 2 - Practical)
Academic Year: 2025-2026
Index
[Link] Experiment Title Topic
1 To find the resistance per cm of a given wire using meter [Link] Electricity
2 To verify Ohm’s law and determine resistance using a voltmeter Current
and ammeter.
Electricity
3 To determine focal length of a convex lens by u-v method. Ray Optics
4 To determine focal length of a concave mirror using parallax method.
Ray Optics
5 To find wavelength of light using a diffraction grating. Wave Optics
6 To find refractive index of a glass slab using a traveling microscope.
Ray Optics
7 To study photoelectric effect and verify Einstein’s equation. Atoms and Nuclei
Experiment 1: To find the resistance per cm of a given wire using
meter bridge.
Topic: Current Electricity
Apparatus Required: Meter bridge, galvanometer, resistance box, jockey, connecting wires, battery.
Procedure: Connect the circuit as per the diagram. Adjust the resistance box and find the null point.
Observations: Record balancing length (l). Repeat for different known resistances.
Calculations: Use R/X = l/(100−l) to find X. Compute resistance per cm = X / length.
Result: Resistance per cm = 0.037 Ω/cm (sample).
Precautions: Ensure tight connections. Do not press jockey hard on wire.
Experiment 2: To determine focal length of convex lens by u-v
method.
Topic: Ray Optics
Apparatus Required: Optical bench, convex lens, screen, meter scale, light source.
Procedure: Set up apparatus. Move lens to get sharp image on screen. Measure u and v for different
positions.
Observations: Note down u, v for 4 readings.
Calculations: Use formula 1/f = 1/u + 1/v. Take mean f.
Result: Focal length of convex lens = 15.2 cm (sample).
Precautions: Avoid parallax error while taking readings.
Experiment 3: To find wavelength of light using diffraction grating.
Topic: Wave Optics
Apparatus Required: Spectrometer, diffraction grating, mercury lamp.
Procedure: Adjust spectrometer. Focus on slit and set grating normal to telescope. Measure angle of
diffraction.
Observations: Measure θ for first-order spectrum.
Calculations: Use nλ = d sin θ. Calculate λ.
Result: Wavelength = 5893 Å (yellow line).
Precautions: Handle spectrometer carefully and ensure grating is clean.
Experiment 4: To study the photoelectric effect.
Topic: Atoms and Nuclei
Apparatus Required: Photoelectric cell, light source, voltmeter, ammeter.
Procedure: Illuminate the cathode with light. Vary potential and measure photocurrent.
Observations: Record stopping potential for different wavelengths.
Calculations: Plot graph of V■ vs 1/λ and calculate Planck’s constant.
Result: Planck’s constant h = 6.63 × 10■³■ Js (sample).
Precautions: Avoid high voltage to prevent damage to cell.
Viva Questions
1. What is the principle of a meter bridge?
2. Define focal length of a convex lens.
3. What is diffraction of light?
4. What is the work function of a metal?
5. Define Ohm’s Law.
Physics Laboratory Inventory
[Link] Item Quantity
1 Meter Bridge 2
2 Resistance Box 5
3 Galvanometer 3
4 Convex Lens (15cm) 3
5 Concave Mirror 2
6 Spectrometer 2
7 Photoelectric Cell 1
8 Connecting Wires 20
9 Optical Bench 2