MODULE 4
LESSON 6
PLANNING DATA
ANALYSIS
Data analysis in research is a process in which gathered information are summarized
in such a manner that it will yield answers to the research questions. During
quantitative data analysis gathered information were break down and ordered into
categories in order to draw trends or patterns in a certain condition. In quantitative
research, the numerical data collected is not taken as a whole. In order to understand
it better, it is analyze into components based on the chosen research variables and
research questions you are going to answer.
These numerical data are usually subject to statistical treatment depending on the
nature of data and the type of research problem presented. The statistical treatment
makes explicit the different statistical methods and formulas needed to analyze the
research data.
PLANNING YOUR DATA
ANALYSIS
Before choosing what statistical test is appropriate for
your research study it is important to determine what
statistical formation is applicable to your current study. In
immersing yourself into planning your data analysis, you
have to decide what basic descriptive statistical
technique you are going to use. Although this technique
does not give you the degree of association or effect
between variables, this will help you to code and simply
tabulate your data.
DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICAL
TECHNIQUE
provides a summary of the ordered or sequenced data from
your research sample. Frequency distribution, measure of
central tendencies (mean, median, mode), and standard
deviation are the sets of data from descriptive statistics.
Inferential Statistics is used when the research study
focuses on finding predictions; testing hypothesis; and
finding interpretations, generalizations, and conclusions.
Since this statistical method is more complex and has more
advanced mathematical computations, you can use
computer software to aid your analysis.
e n ti fy ty p e s o f s ta ti stical
also have to id
b le in y o u r q u a n ti ta tive
analysis of vari a
a ri a te a n a ly s is m e a ns
research. A univ
v a ri a b le . A n a ly s is o f two
analysis of one
a s in d e p e n d e n t a n d
variables such
ri a b le s re fe rs to b iv ariate
d e p e n d e n t va
th e m u lt iv a ri a te a n alysis
analysis while
a n a ly s is o f th e m u lt iple
involves
e e n m u lt ip le v a ri a bles.
relations betw
Furthermore, selecting what test to use
is basically done by identifying whether
you will use parametric test or non-
parametric test. As these were already
discussed in your Statistics and
Probability subject, a summary of what
to consider is presented below:
RESULT
TEST OF RELATIONSHIP TEST OF DIFFERENCE
BETWEEN TWO VARIABLES BETWEEN TWO DATA SETS
⮚ Pearson’s r (parametric) FROM ONE GROUP
⮚ T-test for dependent samples
⮚ Phi coefficient (non-parametric for
(parametric)
nominal and dichotomous variables) ⮚ McNemar change test (non-parametric
⮚ Spearman’s rho (non-parametric for nominal and dichotomous variables)
for ordinal variable) ⮚ Wilcoxon signed-rank test (non-
parametric for ordinal variable)
TEST OF DIFFERENCE BETWEEN TWO TEST MORE THAN TWO
DATA SETS FROM TWO DIFFERENT
GROUPS POPULATION MEANS
⮚ T-test for independent samples
(parametric) ⮚ Analysis of Variance or ANOVA
⮚ Two-way chi-square (non-parametric (parametric)
for nominal variable)
⮚ Mann-Whitney U test (non-parametric
for ordinal variable)
TEST THE STRENGTH OF
RELATION OR EFFECT OR
IMPACT
⮚ Regression (parametric)
THANK YOU
SO MUCH