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Java Exception Handling Basics Explained

The document provides beginner-friendly notes on exception handling in Java, explaining what exceptions are and their importance in preventing program crashes. It outlines key concepts such as keywords (try, catch, finally, throw, throws), types of exceptions (checked, unchecked, error), and various handling techniques including multiple and combined catch blocks. Additionally, it offers a real-life analogy to illustrate the concepts of exception handling.

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fasilashagre03
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10 views2 pages

Java Exception Handling Basics Explained

The document provides beginner-friendly notes on exception handling in Java, explaining what exceptions are and their importance in preventing program crashes. It outlines key concepts such as keywords (try, catch, finally, throw, throws), types of exceptions (checked, unchecked, error), and various handling techniques including multiple and combined catch blocks. Additionally, it offers a real-life analogy to illustrate the concepts of exception handling.

Uploaded by

fasilashagre03
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Exception Handling in Java - Beginner Friendly Notes

1. What is an Exception?

An exception is an event that disrupts the normal flow of your program.

Example: int x = 5 / 0; // causes ArithmeticException

2. Why Exception Handling?

Without handling: program crashes.

With handling: shows error message and continues.

3. Keywords:

- try: risky code

- catch: handles error

- finally: always runs

- throw: manually throws error

- throws: declares error in method

4. Types:

- Checked: must handle (e.g., IOException)

- Unchecked: runtime errors (e.g., ArithmeticException)

- Error: serious problems (e.g., OutOfMemoryError)

5. Exception Hierarchy:

Throwable -> Exception -> RuntimeException

-> Error

6. Multiple Catch:
Use to handle different exceptions separately.

7. Combined Catch (Java 7+):

catch (IOException | SQLException e) { }

8. Nested try:

try inside another try for finer control.

9. throw Example:

throw new ArithmeticException("error");

10. throws Example:

public void readFile() throws IOException

11. finally Example:

Always runs whether error occurs or not.

12. Custom Exception:

class MyException extends Exception { }

Real-Life Analogy:

try -> ATM connecting

catch -> "No Network"

finally -> print receipt

throw -> force error (e.g., wrong PIN)

throws -> ATM process may error

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