LATCHES & FLIP FLOPS
Sequential Circuits
Inputs Outputs
Combinati
onal
Storage Logic
Elements
Next
State State
Latches and Flip flops
Latches and flip-flops are the basic elements for storing information. A
latch or flip-flop can store one bit of information.
Output follow the input as long as the
clock clk input is asserted ( high/low)
Flip flops are circuits where the output
clk follows input only during the
clock transitions (rising edge/falling edge)
Basic Concept of Storage ( Memory)
➢ It should be able to hold a value
➢ One should be able to read the value stored
➢ One should be able to change the value.
Basic Concept of Storage
(one bit memory)
Q
Q’ Q Q’
➢ The circuit remembers Q (never changes as long as powered on)
as well as Q’.
➢ We can read Q by checking the output.
➢ You can’t decide the value
S R Latch
R
Q
S R Q
1 0 1
Q’
S 0 1 0
No change
0 0
Q next = (R + Q’ current)’
Not
1 1 recommended
Q’next = ( S + Q current)’
NAND Based Latch
S S R Q
Q
0 1 1
1 0 0
1 1 No Change
R Q’ 0 0 Not
Recommended
CLOCKED SR LATCH
S
Q
CLK
Q’
R
CLK S R Q
0 X X No change
1 0 0 No change
1 0 1 0
1 1 0 1
1 1 1 Not to apply
R S ’
Q S’
Q Q
CLK
Q’
Q’
S R’ Q’
R
S R Q CLK S R Q
S’ R’ Q
0 0 no change
0 1 1 0 X X No change
0 1 0
1 0 O 1 0 0 No change
1 0 1
1 1 No Change 1 0 1 0
1 1 NR
1 1 0 1
1 1 1 Not to apply.
D LATCH
D S’
Q
CLK
R’ Q’
CLK D Q
0 X No change
1 0 0
1 1 1
K R Q
CP
Q’
J S
K R Q
CP
Q’
J S
RACE AROUND CONDITION