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Heat Flux Measurement in Thermal Engineering

The document outlines a tutorial on heat flux measurement in thermal engineering, detailing calculations and uncertainties related to Gardon gauges and heat flux sensors. It includes specific examples with given parameters, such as gauge dimensions, heat flux, and material properties, leading to answers for temperature differences, gauge constants, and heat flux calculations. The tutorial is designed for the 2023-24 academic session at IIT (ISM) Dhanbad.

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pawan singh
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17 views2 pages

Heat Flux Measurement in Thermal Engineering

The document outlines a tutorial on heat flux measurement in thermal engineering, detailing calculations and uncertainties related to Gardon gauges and heat flux sensors. It includes specific examples with given parameters, such as gauge dimensions, heat flux, and material properties, leading to answers for temperature differences, gauge constants, and heat flux calculations. The tutorial is designed for the 2023-24 academic session at IIT (ISM) Dhanbad.

Uploaded by

pawan singh
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Department of Mechanical Engineering

IIT (ISM) Dhanbad

Measurement in Thermal Engineering (MEO580)


Session 2023-24 (Monsoon)
Tutorial: Module 3 (Heat Flux measurement)

1. A gardon gauge made of constantan foil is of diameter 2.7 mm and 20 μm thick. It is exposed to
an incident heat flux of 1.2 W/cm2. What is the temperature difference developed by the
gusage? What is the time constant of the gauge? If the diameter of the gauge is uncertain to an
extent of 2% and the thickness is uncertain to an extent of 5%, what will be the uncertainty in
the output when exposed to the heat flux mentioned above if the heat flux itself is uncertain to
the extent of 2.5%? What is the uncertainty in the time constant of the gauge? k= 22.5 W/mK,
ρ=8900 kg/m3, c=390 J/kg.K. Ans: 12.40C, τ=0.035 s, 6.87% (0.85 0C).

2. A Gardon gauge uses a constantan foil of 3 mm diameter and 40 μm thickness. Determine the
gauge constant. It is desired to make gauge twice sensitive as compared to above by suitable
choice of foil diameter-thickness combination. Mention what would be your choice of diameter-
thickness combination? What is the differential temperature generated in both the cases for a
heat flux of 105 W/m2? Ans: 1600 W/m2K, for same thickness, dia=4.24 mm and for same
diameter, thickness= 20 μm, 62.5 0C and 125 0C

3. The geometrical description of a thin film heat flux sensor is given in Figure. The thermal
conductivity of the barrier material, polymide of thickness δ= 0.25 m is known to be k=0.2
W/mK. Output of the gauge when exposed to a certain heat flux is V=0.01 V. Determine the
heat flux from this data if there are 40 hot and 40 cold junctions in the sensor. Ans: 5000 W/m2

1|Page
Dr. Pawan Kumar Singh, Associate Professor, IIT (ISM) Dhanbad
Department of Mechanical Engineering
IIT (ISM) Dhanbad
4. A slug-type heat-flux sensor operating on the equation described below has U=0.1 W/m2.0C.
The slug is a copper cube 2mm on a side. What heat flux would be necessary to produce a rise
in temperature of the sensor of 50 0C in time of 20 s? if U=100 W/m2.0C , what will be the
value of heat flux. Ans: 17690 W/m2, 15310 W/m2.

𝑞 𝑚𝑐 𝑑𝑇𝑠
= + 𝑈(𝑇𝑠 − 𝑇𝑤 ),
𝐴 𝐴 𝑑𝑡
𝑞
𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒 𝐴 = 𝑖𝑚𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑑 ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡 𝑓𝑙𝑢𝑥, 𝑚 = 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑠𝑙𝑢𝑔, 𝑐 = 𝑠𝑝𝑒𝑐𝑖𝑓𝑖𝑐 ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑠𝑙𝑢𝑔, 𝑈 =

𝐶𝑜𝑒𝑓𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑒𝑥𝑝𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑑𝑢𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑙𝑜𝑠𝑠 𝑡𝑜 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑠𝑢𝑟𝑟𝑜𝑢𝑛𝑑𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑤𝑎𝑙𝑙, 𝑇𝑠 =


𝑇𝑒𝑚𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑢𝑟𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑠𝑙𝑢𝑔 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑇𝑤 = 𝑆𝑢𝑟𝑟𝑜𝑢𝑛𝑑𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑤𝑎𝑙𝑙 𝑡𝑒𝑚𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑢𝑟𝑒

5. Consider an axial conductivity gaurged heat flux probe made of an alloy material of thermal
conductivity equal to 45 W/m.K. The two thermocouple are placed 1 cm apart. The incident
heat flux is known to be 105 W/m2. The probe has a diameter of 25 mm. Determine the
indicated temperature difference ∆𝑇 and the rate at which heat Q needs to be removed from the
back surface of the probe. Ans: 22.2 0C and 49.1 W.

2|Page
Dr. Pawan Kumar Singh, Associate Professor, IIT (ISM) Dhanbad

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