Tutorial No.
: 01
PH-CT404: Mathematical Physics
M. Sc. Physics, I-Semester, 2022-2023
Department of Physics & Astrophysics, University of Delhi
1. Findthe work done in moving an object along a vector= 2i +3j + 4k if the
applied force is F = i+2f+ 3k.
2. A paticle moves along thecurve x = 2t, y = t 4t, z = 3t-5, where t is the
time. Find the components of its velocity and acceleration at timet=l in the dircction
i+3-2k
3. Show that Vp is avector p;erpendicular to the surface p(x,y, z) = cwherc cis a
cosntant.
4. Given = 3xy'z³, (a) find 7. V
a2
(b) Show that7. Vo = where 72= ax2 ay2
S. Find the cofactors of a matrix:
[2 1 11
1 3 2
3 1 4
6. Find the adjoint and inverse of the matrix:
2 1 11]
13 2
3 1 4
Find the valuc of A2 -3A+21.
7.
|2+i
1 3-3i
Express the matrix, A=i 1-j 2+i As the Hermitian Matrix and
|1+i -3
Skew Hermitian Matrix.
1 V2
Given A
=i 1
(i) Find f(A)=3-24' - 4?- 54 + 49
10.
1
-4|
First show that M 4 --4 -7 is orthogonal and then show explicitly that its rows
8 1 4
(columns) are orthonormal.
Tutorial - 2
PH-CT404: Mathematical Physics
M. Sc. Physics, I-Semester, 2024-25
Department of Physics & Astrophysics, University of Delhi
1. Given,
r = îx + ĵy + k̂z, A = 2î + 3ĵ − k̂ (1)
Are the following linear vector functions:
(i) f(r) = A.r
(ii) f(r) = r.r
(iii) f(r) = A x r
2. Consider the set of vectors: (1,4, -3), (5, 2, 1), (2, -1, 3) and (3, -6,
11). Check if these vectors are linearly independent or dependent.
What is the dimension of the vector space?
a b
3. Find a basis for the linear vector space of matrices [
], with con-
c d
dition a + d = 0. Here a, b, c, and d are real numbers. Find its
dimension.
4. Find the components of the vector u⃗ = (3, 5) relative to the basis B
=(1, 2), (3, 1).
5. Consider linear transformation T ∶ R2 → R2 defined by
T(x) = Ax
2 1
where A = [ ], is transformation matrix in standard basis. Deter-
1 3
1 1
mine A in new basis [ ] and [ ].
1 −1
6. A 2 x 2 matrix M has Tr[M ] = 4 and Tr[M 2 ] = 26. Find the eigen-
values of M.
2 3−i
7. Diagonalize the following matrix H = [ ].
3 + i −1
√ √
1 (2) cosk + sink (2)sink
8. Let A = [ √ ], show that ekA = [ √ ].
− (2) −1 − (2)sink cosk − sink
9. Given three vectors, A=(0,0,5,0), B=(2,0,3,0) and C=(7, 1, -5, 3).
(i) Show that these vectors are not orthonormal.
(ii) Using Gram-Schmidt method find the orthonormal set of vectors
corresponding to A, B and C.
Verify that the Schwarz inequality is satisfied.
Tutorial - 3
PH-CT404: Mathematical Physics
M. Sc. Physics, I-Semester, 2024-25
Department of Physics & Astrophysics, University of Delhi
1. Let W be the subspace of R5 spanned by the following vectors: u1 =
(1, 2, 1, 3, 2); u2 = (1, 3, 3, 5, 3); u3 = (3, 8, 7, 13, 8) u4 =(1, 4, 6,
9, 7), u5 = (5, 13, 13, 25, 19).
Find the basis and its dimension.
2. Consider the vector space P2 (t) of polynomials of degree 2. The poly-
nomials p1 (t) = t + 1; p2 (t) = t - 1; p3 (t) = (t - 1)2 , p4 (t) = t2 - t
+ 3. show that these polynomial form basis set S of P2 (t). Also find
the coordinate vector [v] of v = 2t2 - 5t + 9 relative to basis S.
1
If the inner product for the polynomial is defined as < pq >= ∫0 p(t)q(t) dt,
use Gram-Schmidt method to find the orthonormal set of vectors.
3. Find if the functions f(t) = sin t, g(t) = et and h(t) = t2 are linearly
dependent or not?
4. Let L be the linear transformation on R2 that reflects each point P
across the line y = kx, where k > 0 (see Figure).
(a) Show that v1 = (k, 1) and v2 = (1, -k) are eigenvectors of L.
(b) Show that L is diagonalizable, and find a diagonal representation
D.
5. Consider field as set (i) R (ii) C. Check whether the following sets of
elements form a Linear vector spaces. If they do, find the dimension-
ality of the vector space:
(a) The set of all polynomials (of all orders) of a complex variable z.
e.g.:
f (z) = an z n + an−1 z n−1 + ...... + a1 z + a0
g(z) = bn z n + bn−1 z n−1 + ...... + b1 z + b0
Addition operations defined as:
(f + g)(x) = (an + bn )z n + (an−1 + bn−1 )z n−1 + ........(a1 + b1 )z + (a0 + b0 )
b) The set of all n × n hermitian matrices (with multiplication by real
scalars) under matrix addition and matrix multiplication.
c) The set of all n× n unitary matrices under matrix addition and
matrix multiplication.
6. Let V ≡ {x∥x ∈ R, x > 0}. If the rules of vector addition and scalar
multiplication are redefined as follows (for x, y ∈ R).
x ⊕ y = xy
α ⊗ x = xα
with α ∈ R. then find if V(R) a linear vector space under these rede-
fined operations?
Tutorial - 4
PH-CT404: Mathematical Physics
M. Sc. Physics, I-Semester, 2024-25
Department of Physics & Astrophysics, University of Delhi
a b
1. Consider a set of matrices: G = (( ) ∀ a, b, c, d ∈ R+ ) ;
c d
(i) Find if G is an Abelian group under matrix addition.
(ii) Find if G is a group under matrix multiplication. If not, define a
condition which makes it a Group.
2. Let Q be the set of rational numbers and binary operation is defined
as aob = a + b - ab ∀ a,b ∈ Q, find if Q forms a group or not ?
1 2 3 4 5 6 1 2 3 4 5 6
3. Let A = ( ) and B = ( ), find A−1 and
2 3 6 5 4 1 1 3 5 6 2 4
B−1 . Show that AB ≠ BA. .
4. Find the order of an element (135)(24)(678) (shown in cyclic notion)
of a permutation group. Is it an odd or even permutation?
5. (i) Consider the group Z+9 = {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8} with addition
modulo 9 and consider H is subgroup {0, 3, 6}.
Find left and right cosets.
a b
(ii) Consider H is subgroup of all upper triangle matrices H = ( );
c d
Find if the left and right coset are equal or not.
6. (i) Let Z(G) is set of elements from a group G which commute with
all the elements in G such that Z(G) = {h ∈ G∣gh = hg∀g ∈ G}.
Show that Z(G) is subgroup of G.
(ii) Let G = {. . . .,-4, -3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4,. . . ..} be a group and H
= {. . . ,-4, -2, 0, 2, 4,. . . } be a subgroup then
(a) Find a factor group ( Z/H, +).
(b) Show that H is normal subgroup.