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Material Properties and Testing Standards

The document outlines the essential aspects of material properties and testing standards in construction, including the phases of construction and criteria for selecting materials. It details physical and mechanical properties of materials, such as density, elasticity, and toughness, along with various testing methods like tensile and hardness tests. Additionally, it references key testing standards from organizations like ASTM and AASHTO.

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5 views12 pages

Material Properties and Testing Standards

The document outlines the essential aspects of material properties and testing standards in construction, including the phases of construction and criteria for selecting materials. It details physical and mechanical properties of materials, such as density, elasticity, and toughness, along with various testing methods like tensile and hardness tests. Additionally, it references key testing standards from organizations like ASTM and AASHTO.

Uploaded by

deynaannika
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

MODULE 1:

MATERIAL PROPERTIES
AND TESTING STANDARDS
DR. FLORANTE D. POSO, JR.
MODULE 1- INTRODUCTION

- The Construction Process


- Selecting Materials
- Properties of Materials
- Inspection, Testing and Standards
CONSTRUCTION PHASES

• A standard construction project, in general, has following five major life cycle
phases:

• Initiation.
• Planning.
• Execution.
• Performance and monitoring.
• Closure.
SELECTING MATERIALS

• Aesthetics • Installation or
• Durability construction
• Supplier • Performance
• Availability • Maintenance
Physical Properties
• Can be observed / determined
without change of the identity
MATERIAL of the material
PROPERTIES
Mechanical Properties

• Material’s behavior when


subjected to mechanical stresses
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES

Density • Ratio of mass to volume (m/V)

Unit Weight • Ratio of weight to volume (W/V)

• Ratio of density (or unit weight) of material


Specific Gravity to density (or unit weight) of water
MECHANICAL PROPERTIES
Elasticity
 Regaining original shape and size after removal of external force
Yield or Proof Strength
 Stress needed to produce a specified amount of plastic or permanent
deformation usually occur at 0.20% change in length.
Ultimate Tensile Strength
 Maximum stress a material can withstand before fracture.
MECHANICAL PROPERTIES
Ductility
 Plastic deformation that a material can withstand without fracture
MECHANICAL PROPERTIES
Hardness
 Resistance to abrasion, deformation, scratching or to indentation by
another hard body
Toughness
 Energy required to fracture a unit volume of material commonly
associated with impact loading
Fatigue Strength
 Fatigue failure results from a repeated cyclic application of stress, which
may below the yield strength
MECHANICAL PROPERTIES

Endurance Limit
 Stress level a material can handle without fatigue failure regardless to
the number of cycle
Creep Resistance
 Plastic deformation of material which occurs as a function of time when
the material is subjected to constant stress below its yield strength
MATERIAL TESTING

• Tensile Test : Elasticity, yield and ultimate strength, ductility


• Brinnel Hardness Test
• Rockwell Hardness Test
• Vickers Hardness Test
• Fatigue Test
• Creep Test
TEST STANDARDS
• ASTM – American Society for Testing and
Materials
• AASHTO – American Association of State
Highway and Transportation Officials

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