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Stratified Sampling for Quality Assurance

The document outlines a stratified sampling process for a clinical laboratory that processed 500 blood samples, divided into three strata based on gender and age. A total sample size of 50 is selected proportionally from each stratum, ensuring representation from males, females, and children. The document details the steps for defining the population, allocating samples, random selection, and recording the results.

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5 views2 pages

Stratified Sampling for Quality Assurance

The document outlines a stratified sampling process for a clinical laboratory that processed 500 blood samples, divided into three strata based on gender and age. A total sample size of 50 is selected proportionally from each stratum, ensuring representation from males, females, and children. The document details the steps for defining the population, allocating samples, random selection, and recording the results.

Uploaded by

rajaj3506
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Stratified Sampling

Scenario

A clinical laboratory processed 500 blood samples in one week:


- 250 from male patients
- 200 from female patients
- 50 from children

A sample of 50 is required for quality assurance.

Step 1: Define Population and Strata


The total population is N = 500. The population is divided into three strata based on
gender/age:
• Stratum 1: Male (N₁ = 250)
• Stratum 2: Female (N₂ = 200)
• Stratum 3: Children (N₃ = 50)
Stratification ensures that each subgroup is properly represented in the final sample.

Step 2: Decide Total Sample Size


The total sample size to be selected is n = 50.

Step 3: Proportional Allocation


For each stratum, the number of samples to select (nₕ) is determined using the formula:

nₕ = (Nₕ / N) × n

Where:
• nₕ = number of samples from stratum h
• Nₕ = population size of stratum h
• N = total population size
• n = total sample size
Or

For Males:
n₁ = (250 / 500) × 50 = 0.5 × 50 = 25

For Females:
n₂ = (200 / 500) × 50 = 0.4 × 50 = 20

For Children:
n₃ = (50 / 500) × 50 = 0.1 × 50 = 5

Step 4: Random Selection Within Each Stratum


After determining the number of samples for each stratum, simple random sampling is
applied within each group to select the required number of samples. Methods such as
random number tables, lottery method, or Excel functions can be used. Each sample within
a stratum has an equal chance of being selected.

Step 5: Combine the Selected Samples


The selected samples from each stratum are combined to form the final sample of 50. This
ensures proportional representation from each subgroup.

Step 6: Record and Report


The following information should be recorded clearly:
• Total population and strata details
• Sample size allocation formula and results
• Random selection method used
• Final list of selected samples

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