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SCADA PCM Problem: Detailed Solution Guide

The document outlines a problem related to a SCADA system involving 5 analog signals multiplexed using PCM. It provides step-by-step calculations for total sampling rate, bits per sample, quantization levels, and the conversion of a specific sample from binary to decimal. The final results include a total sampling rate of 250 kHz, 6 bits per sample, 64 quantization levels, a second sample of 010011, a decimal value of 19, and a reconstructed amplitude of approximately 0.603 V.

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Tanmoy Pandey
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24 views1 page

SCADA PCM Problem: Detailed Solution Guide

The document outlines a problem related to a SCADA system involving 5 analog signals multiplexed using PCM. It provides step-by-step calculations for total sampling rate, bits per sample, quantization levels, and the conversion of a specific sample from binary to decimal. The final results include a total sampling rate of 250 kHz, 6 bits per sample, 64 quantization levels, a second sample of 010011, a decimal value of 19, and a reconstructed amplitude of approximately 0.603 V.

Uploaded by

Tanmoy Pandey
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

SCADA PCM Problem – Question and Detailed Solution

Question:
In a SCADA system, 5 analog signals each with a bandwidth of 5 kHz are time-division multiplexed
(TDM). Each signal is sampled at a rate equal to five times the Nyquist rate, and the samples are
transmitted using Pulse Code Modulation (PCM).

If the total PCM bit rate is 1.5 MHz:


1. Calculate the total sampling rate.
2. Determine the number of bits per sample.
3. Find the number of quantization levels.
4. The PCM bit stream is given as: 011110010011. Identify the second sample (6-bit group).
5. Convert the second sample into its decimal equivalent.
6. If the dynamic range is 2, calculate the reconstructed amplitude of the second sample.

Step-by-Step Solution:
Step 1: Nyquist rate per signal
For each signal, Nyquist rate = 2 × 5 kHz = 10 kHz.
Step 2: Sampling rate per signal
Sampling = 5 × 10 kHz = 50 kHz.
Step 3: Total sampling rate
For 5 signals (TDM): 5 × 50 kHz = 250 kHz.
Step 4: Bits per sample
R_b = n × f_s,total. Given R_b = 1.5 MHz → n = 1.5e6 / 250e3 = 6 bits/sample.
Step 5: Quantization levels
L = 2^n = 2^6 = 64.
Step 6: Second sample
Bit stream: 011110010011 → First sample = 011110, Second sample = 010011.
Step 7: Decimal conversion
(010011)_2 = 16 + 2 + 1 = 19.
Step 8: Reconstructed amplitude
Value = 19 × (2 / (64 - 1)) = 19 × 2/63 ≈ 0.603 V.

Final Answers:
1. Total sampling rate = 250 kHz
2. Bits per sample = 6
3. Quantization levels = 64
4. Second sample = 010011
5. Decimal value = 19
6. Reconstructed amplitude ≈ 0.603 V

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