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Types of Inheritance in Java

The document explains different types of inheritance in Java, including Hierarchical, Multiple, and Hybrid inheritance, with examples. It also discusses the concept of substitutability, which allows a child class to replace its parent class in certain contexts. Additionally, it outlines various forms of inheritance such as Specialization, Specification, Construction, Extension, Limitation, and Combination, highlighting their characteristics and principles of substitutability.

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6 views3 pages

Types of Inheritance in Java

The document explains different types of inheritance in Java, including Hierarchical, Multiple, and Hybrid inheritance, with examples. It also discusses the concept of substitutability, which allows a child class to replace its parent class in certain contexts. Additionally, it outlines various forms of inheritance such as Specialization, Specification, Construction, Extension, Limitation, and Combination, highlighting their characteristics and principles of substitutability.

Uploaded by

tayyab.15.9381
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

3.

Hierarchical Inheritance

In Hierarchical Inheritance, one class serves as a superclass (base class) for more than one subclass. In
the below image, class A serves as a base class for the derived class B, C and D.

Example
class Animal
{
void eat()
{
[Link]("eating...");
}
}
class Dog extends Animal
{
void bark()
{
[Link]("barking...");
}
}
class Cat extends Animal
{
void meow()
{
[Link]("meowing...");
}
}
class TestInheritance3
{
public static void main(String args[])
{
Cat c=new Cat();
[Link]();
[Link]();
//[Link]();//[Link]
}
}
4. Multiple inheritance

In multiple inheritance there exist multiple classes and single derived class.

The concept of multiple inheritance is not supported in java through concept of classes but it can be
supported through the concept of interface.
5. Hybrid inheritance
It is a mix of two or more of the above types of inheritance. Since Java doesn’t support multiple
inheritances with classes, hybrid inheritance is also not possible with classes. In Java, we can achieve
hybrid inheritance only through Interfaces.

SUBSTITUTABILITY
• The inheritance concept used for the number of purposes in the java programming language. One of
the main purposes is substitutability.
• The substitutability means that when a child class acquires properties from its parent class, the object
of the parent class may be substituted with the child class object.
• For example, if B is a child class of A, anywhere we expect an instance of A we can use an instance of
B.
• The substitutability can achieve using inheritance, whether using extends or implements keywords.
FORMS OF INHERITANCE
The following are the different forms of inheritance in java.
• Specialization
• Specification
• Construction
• Extension
• Limitation
• Combination
Specialization
It is the most ideal form of inheritance. The subclass is a special case of the parent class. It holds the
principle of substitutability.
Specification
This is another commonly used form of inheritance. In this form of inheritance, the parent class just
specifies which methods should be available to the child class but doesn't implement them. The java
provides concepts like abstract and interfaces to support this form of inheritance. It holds the principle
of substitutability.
Construction
This is another form of inheritance where the child class may change the behavior defined by the parent
class (overriding). It does not hold the principle of substitutability.
Extension
This is another form of inheritance where the child class may add its new properties. It holds the principle
of substitutability.
Limitation
This is another form of inheritance where the subclass restricts the inherited behavior. It does not hold
the principle of substitutability.
Combination
This is another form of inheritance where the subclass inherits properties from multiple parent classes.
Java does not support multiple inheritance type.

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