SIKKIM

GOVERNMENT GAZETTE
EXTRA ORDINARY
PUBLISHED BY AUTHORITY

GANGTOK Friday 27th June, 2013 No. 321

SIKKIM STATE ELECTRICITY REGULATORY COMMISSION (SSERC)

GANGTOK - 737102

No: 08/SSERC/GC/2013 Dated the 19 th February, 2013

NOTIFICATION
STATE GRID CODE REGULATIONS

In exercise of the powers conferred under clause (h) of sub-section (1) of section 86
of Electricity Act, 2003 (36 of 2003) and all other powers enabling it in this behalf, the
Sikkim State Electricity Regulatory Commission hereby makes the following
Regulations:

CHAPTER - 1: GENERAL

1.1 Short title, extent and commencement

1) These regulations may be called the Sikkim State Electricity Regulatory
Commission (State Grid Code) Regulations, 2013
2) These regulations shall extend to the whole State of Sikkim
3) These regulations shall come into force from the date of publication in the
Sikkim State official gazette.

1.2 Scope

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The State Grid Code regulations shall apply to all Intra-State Transmission System
participants, including;
a) State Transmission Utility and Transmission Licensees,
b) Generating Stations connected to Intra-State Transmission System,
c) Distribution Licensees connected with Intra-State Transmission System,
d) EHV Consumers of Distribution Licensee directly connected to Intra-State
Transmission System,
e) Open access customers availing open access on Intra-State Transmission
system,
f) Captive Generators connected to Intra-State Transmission System.

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1.3 Definitions
1) In these regulations, the following words and expressions shall, unless the
subject matter or context otherwise requires or is inconsistent therewith, bear the
following meanings:

Act The Electricity Act, 2003 (Act No. 36 of 2003) as amended

from time to time
Accredited Testing A testing laboratory accredited by National Accreditation
Laboratory Board for Testing and Calibration Laboratories (NABL);
Active Power The product of voltage and the in-phase component of
alternating current measured in units of watts and standard
multiples thereof,
Apparatus All the electrical apparatus like machines, fittings, accessories
and appliances in which electrical conductors are used.
Apparent Power The product of voltage and alternating current measured in
unit of volt-amperes and standard multiples thereof,
Appropriate The “Central Transmission Utility” (CTU) or the “State
Transmission Utility Transmission Utility” (STU), as the case may be
Area of Supply Area within which a Distribution Licensee is authorized by his
license to supply electricity.
Authority Central Electricity Authority (CEA) referred to in sub-section
(1) of Section 70 of the Act.
Automatic Voltage A continuously acting automatic excitation control system to
Regulator (AVR) control the voltage of a Generating Unit measured at the
generator terminals.
Availability Based A tariff structure based on availability of generating units and
Tariff (ABT) having components, viz, Capacity Charges (CC), Energy
Charges (EC) or Variable Charges (VC) and charges for
Unscheduled Interchange (UI)
Beneficiary A person who has share in State Generating Stations (SGS)/
Inter-State Generating Stations (ISGS) or bilateral exchanges
including open access users;
Bulk Consumer A Consumer who avails supply at voltage of 33 kV or above.
Buyer Any generating company or licensee or consumer whose
system receives electricity from another generating company
or licensee.
Captive Power A Power Plant set up by any person to generate electricity for

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Plant (CPP) his own use and includes a power plant set up by any co-
operative society or association of persons for generating
electricity primarily for use of members of such co-operative
society or association.
Central Central Electricity Regulatory Commission (CERC) referred to
Commission in sub-Section (1) of section 76 of the Act
Central Any Government Company which the Central Government
Transmission Utility may notify under sub section (1) of Section 38 of the Act.
(CTU)
Check Meter A meter, which shall be connected to the same core of the
Current Transformer (CT) and Voltage Transformer (VT) to
which main meter is connected and shall be used for
accounting and billing of electricity in case of failure of main
meter.
Commission Sikkim State Electricity Regulatory Commission (SSERC)

Connectivity For a generating station, including a captive generating plant,

a bulk consumer or an intra-state transmission licensee
means the state of getting connected to the intra-state
transmission system
Connection point A point at which a Plant and / or Apparatus connects to the
Transmission / Distribution System.
Constituent A Distribution Licensee or Deemed Distribution Licensee of
the State, a Generating Company having an SGS, State
Transmission Utility, State Transmission Licensees, Open
access customers.
Consumer Any person who is supplied with electricity for his own use by
a licensee or the Government or by any other person engaged
in the business of supplying electricity to public under the Act
or any other law for the time being in force and includes any
person whose premises are for the time being connected for
the purpose of receiving electricity with the works of a
licensee, the Government or such other person, as the case
may be.
Control Area A control area is an electrical system bounded by
interconnections (tie lines) metering and telemetry which
controls its generation and / or load to maintain its interchange

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 schedule with other control areas whenever required to do so
and contributes to frequency regulation of the synchronously
operating system.
Demand The demand of Active Power in MW and Reactive Power in
MVAR of electricity unless otherwise stated.
Demand control Any of the following methods of achieving a load reduction:
(a) Consumer Load Management initiated by
Users.
(b) Consumer Load reduction by disconnection initiated by
Users (other than following an instruction from Load
Despatch Centre).
(c) Consumer Load reduction instructed by the Load
Despatch Centre
(d) Automatic Under Frequency Load Disconnection
(e) Emergency manual Load Disconnection
Despatch Schedule The ex-power plant net MW and MWh output of a generating
station, schedules to be exported to the Grid from time to time.
Drawal Schedule The summation of the station-wise ex-power plant drawal
schedules from all ISGS / SGS and drawal from regional grid
consequent to other long term access, medium term and short
term open access transactions.
df/dt Relay A relay which operates when the rate of change of system
frequency (over time) goes higher than a specified limit and
initiates load shedding
Distribution system The system of wires and associated facilities between the
delivery points on the transmission lines or the generating
station connection and the point of connection to the
installation of the consumers.
Drawal The import / export of electrical energy from / to the grid
Energy Accounting Meters used for accounting of the electricity to various
and Audit Meters segments of electrical system so as to carry out further
analysis to determine the consumption and loss of energy
therein over a specified time period;
Entitlement Share of a beneficiary (in MW / MWh) in the istalled
capacity/output of an ISGS / SGS.
Event An unscheduled or unplanned occurrence in the State
Transmission System including faults, incidents and
breakdowns.

Extra High Voltage Voltage exceeding 33000 volts under normal conditions

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(EHV) subject to the percentage variation allowed by the Authority
Forced Outage An Outage of State Generating Station or any of Power
Station equipment, generally due to sudden failure of one or
more parts of equipment at a generating station, of which no
notice can be given by the Generator to STU and also include
outage of transmission line and any substation equipment of
which no notice can be given by State Transmission Utility.
Generating Any company or body corporate or association or body of
Company individuals, whether incorporated or not, or artificial juridical
person, which owns or operates or maintains a generating
station.
Generating Station Any station for generating electricity, including any building
and plant with step-up transformer, switchyard, switch gear,
cables or other appurtenant equipment, if any, used for that
purpose and the site thereof, a site intended to be used for a
generating station, and any building used for housing the
operating staff of a generating station and where electricity is
generated by water–power, includes penstocks, head and tail
works, main and regulatory reservoirs, dams and other
hydraulic works, but does not in any case include any sub
station.
Grid High Voltage back bone system of inter-connected
Transmission Lines, Sub Stations and Generating plants.
Grid Standards Grid Standards specified by the Central Electricity Authority
under Clause (d) of section 73 of the Act.
High Voltage or HV Voltage greater than 400 volts and does not exceed 33000
volts under normal conditions subject to the percentage
variation allowed by the Authority.
Independent Power A generating company not owned / controlled by the
Producer (IPP) Central/State government.
Indian Electricity Regulation describing the philosophy and the responsibilities
Grid Code (IEGC) for planning and operation of Indian power system specified
by the Commission in accordance with sub section 1(h) of
Section 79 of the Act.

Indian Standards Those Standards and Specifications approved by the Bureau

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 of Indian Standards.
Instrument The Current Transformer (CT), Voltage Transformer (VT) and
Transformer Capacitor Voltage Transformer (CVT)
Interconnecting Transformer connecting EHV lines of different voltage
Transformer systems.
Interface Meter A meter used for accounting and billing of electricity,
connected at the point of interconnection between electrical
systems of generating company, licensee and consumers,
directly connected to the Inter-State Transmission System or
Intra –State Transmission system who have to be covered
under ABT and have been permitted open access by the
Appropriate Commission.
Inter-State A Central generating station or other generating station in
Generating Station which two or more States have shares.
(ISGS)
Inter-State Inter-State Transmission System includes:
Transmission (i) Any system for the conveyance of electricity by means of a
System main transmission line from the territory of one State to
another State;
(ii) The conveyance of electricity across the territory of an
intervening State as well as conveyance within a State,
which is incidental to such inter-state transmission of
electricity.
(iii) The transmission of electricity within the territory of a State
built, owned, and operated maintained or controlled by
the Central Transmission Utility.
Isolation The disconnection of EHV / HV Apparatus from the remainder
of the System in which that EHV / HV Apparatus is situated.
Lean Period That period in a day when the electrical power demand is
lowest
License A license granted under section 14 of the Act.
Licensee A person who has been granted a license under section 14 of
the Act.
Load The MW/MWh consumed by a utility / installation
Low Voltage or LV Voltage not exceeding 440 volts
Main Meter A meter which would primarily be used for accounting and
billing of electricity

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Main protection Protection equipment or system expected to have priority in
initiating either a fault clearance or an action to terminate an
abnormal condition in a power system.
Open Access The non-discriminatory provision for the use of transmission
lines or distribution system or associated facilities with such
lines or system by any licensee or consumer or a person
engaged in generation in accordance with the regulations
specified by the Appropriate Commission.
Operation A scheduled or planned action relating to the operation of a
system.
Operational Management instructions and procedures, both for the safety
procedure rules and for the local and remote operation of plant and
apparatus, issued in connection with the actual operation of
plant and/or apparatus at or from a connecting site.
Outage A total or partial regulation in availability due to repair and
maintenance of the Transmission or Distribution or Generation
facility or defect in Auxiliary System.
Part Load The condition of a generating station, which is loaded but is
not running at its declared availability.
Partial shutdown A shutdown of a part of the system resulting in failure of power
supply, either from external connections or from the healthy
part of the system.
Peak period That period in a day when the electrical power demand is
highest.
Person Any company or body corporate or association or body of
individuals, whether incorporated or not, or artificial juridical
person.
Planned outage An outage of generating plant or part of the Transmission
system, or part of a User’s System co-ordinated by SLDC.
Power factor The ratio of Active Power (KW) to Apparent Power (KVA)
Power System Power system means all aspects of generation, transmission,
distribution and supply of electricity and includes one or more
of the following namely:
a) Generating Station
b) Transmission or main
transmission lines
c) Sub-stations
d) Tie-lines
e) Load dispatch activities

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 f) Mains or distribution
mains
g) Electric supply lines
h) Overhead lines
i) Service lines
j) Works
Protection The scheme and apparatus for detecting abnormal conditions
on a system and initiating fault clearance or actuating signals
or indications.
Rated MW The “Name plate” MW output of a Generating machine, being
that output up to which the Generating machine is designed to
operate.
Reactive Power The product of voltage and current and the sine of the phase
angle between them measured in units of volt-amperes
reactive and standard multiples thereof;
Requester A person such as Generating Company including captive
generating plant or Transmission Licensee (excluding State
Transmission Utility) or Distribution Licensee or Bulk
Consumer, who is seeking connection of his new or expanded
electrical plant in the Grid at Voltage level exceeding 33 kV.
Regional Load ‘Regional Load Despatch Centre’ means the Centre
Despatch Centre established under sub-section (1) of Section 27 of the Act.
(RLDC)
Safety Rules The rules framed by the Users and the transmission licensee
to ensure safety to persons working on plant / apparatus.
Start – Up The action of bringing a generating unit from shutdown to
synchronous speed.
State Grid Code Electricity Grid Code for the State of Sikkim, a document
describing the procedures and the responsibilities for planning
and operation of the Grid of Sikkim State specified by the
State Commission (SSERC).
State Load ‘State Load Despatch Centre’ means the Centre established
Despatch Centre under sub-section (1) of Section 31 of the Act.
(SLDC)
State Transmission Any system for transmission of electricity other than an Inter-
System State Transmission System and includes.
i) Any system for the conveyance of electricity by
means of a main transmission line within the territory of

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 the State.
ii) The transmission of electricity within the territory of
State on a system built, owned, operated, maintained or
controlled by STU.
State Transmission The Government Company specified as such by the State
Utility (STU)
Government under sub-section (1) of section 39 of the Act.
Sub-station Station for transforming or converting electricity for the
transmission or distribution thereof and includes transformers,
converters, switchgears, capacitors, synchronous condensers,
structures, cables and other appurtenant equipment and any
buildings used for that purpose and the site thereof.
Supervisory Control The communication links and data processing systems, which
and Data
provide information to enable implementation of requisite
Acquisition or
(SCADA) supervisory and control actions.
Supplier Any generating company or licensee from whose system
electricity flows into the system of another generating
company or licensee or consumer
Synchronized Those conditions where an incoming generating unit or
system is connected to the bus bars of another system so that
the frequencies and phase relationships of that generating unit
or system as the case may be, and the system to which it is
connected are identical.
Time Block Block of 15 minutes each for which Special Energy Meters
record specified electrical parameters and quantities with first
time block starting at 00.00 Hrs
Transmission A License granted under Section 14 of the Act to transmit
License electricity.
Transmission A licensee authorized to establish and operate transmission
licensee lines
Transmission lines All high pressure cables and overhead lines (not being an
essential part of the distribution system of a licensee)
transmitting electricity from a generating station to another
generating station or a sub station, together with any step-up
and step-down transformers, switch-gear and other works
necessary to and used for the control of such cables or
overhead lines, and such buildings or part thereof as may be

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 required to accommodate such transformers, switch-gear and
other works.
Transmission The system consisting of high pressure cables and overhead
system lines of transmission licensee including electrical sub-stations,
for transmission of electrical power from the generating station
upto connection point / interface point with the distribution
system. This shall not include any part of the distribution
system.
Under Frequency An electrical measuring relay intended to operate when its
Relay characteristic quantity reaches the relay settings by decrease
in frequency.
Unscheduled In a time block for a generating station or a seller means its
Interchange (UI) total actual generation minus its total scheduled generation
and for a beneficiary or buyer means its actual drawal minus
its total scheduled drawal.
User A person such as a Generating Company including Captive
Generating Plant or Transmission Licensee (other than State
Transmission Utility) or Distribution Licensee or Bulk
Consumer, whose electrical plant is connected to the State
Transmission System at a voltage level 33 kV and above.

2) Words and expressions used in this State Grid Code regulations and not defined
here in but defined in the Act shall have the meaning assigned to them in the Act.

1.4 Objectives of State Grid Code

1.4.1 The State Grid Code Regulations lay down the rules, guidelines and standards to be
followed by all Users of the State Transmission System, to plan, develop, operate
and maintain an efficient and coordinated power system in the State of Sikkim in
coordination with the Eastern Regional Grid as per the provisions of Indian Electricity
Grid Code (IEGC) issued by Central Electricity Regulatory Commission (CERC) as
amended from time to time and also in line with the National Electricity Policy.

1.4.2 The principal objectives of the State Grid Code are:

(a) To provide clarity in the functions of the STU, State Generation Companies,
Transmission and Distribution Licensees, IPPs / CPPs and open access
customers connected to the State Grid by specifying their respective roles,
responsibilities and obligations with respect to the operation of the State Grid.

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 (b) To improve the Grid stability and achieve the standards of system performance.
(c) To specify the transmission connectivity requirement for new entrants i.e., future
new generating companies, distribution/trading licensees, open access
customers and consumers.
(d) To document the normal practices in grid operation for easy reference and for
compliance.
(e) To elicit with generators on the performance characteristics of their plant to meet
the connectivity requirements.
(f) To provide a mechanism for clear and consistent disclosure of all information
between the utilities concerned.
(g) To indicate how generation is to be scheduled and dispatched.
(h) To actually enforce what is verbally agreed.

1.5 Compatibility with Indian Electricity Grid Code (IEGC)

The State Grid Code Regulations shall be consistent/compatible with the IEGC.
However, in matters relating to inter-State transmission, if any provisions of the State
Grid Code are inconsistent with the provisions of the IEGC, then the provisions of
IEGC as approved by CERC shall prevail.

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 CHAPTER - 2: ROLE OF VARIOUS ORGANIZATIONS

2.1 Energy and Power Department of Sikkim (EPDS)

The EPDS is responsible for generation, transmission and distribution of electricity in
the State of Sikkim. EPDS is a deemed licensee under the provisions of Electricity
Act, 2003 in the State of Sikkim.

2.2 State Transmission Utility

The State Government of Sikkim shall notify the transmission wing of EPDS in terms
of Section 39 of the Electricity Act, 2003, to act as State Transmission Utility
(STU), till such time a separate transmission corporation is established. STU shall
not engage in the business of trading in electricity.

The State Transmission Utility shall discharge the functions as stipulated under the
Electricity Act, 2003. Section 39 of the Electricity Act, 2003 outlines that the functions
of the State Transmission Utility shall be –
(a) to undertake transmission of electricity through intra-State transmission system:
(b) to discharge all functions of planning and co-ordination relating to intra-state
transmission system with-
(i) Central Transmission Utility;
(ii) State Government;
(iii) Generating Companies;
(iv) Regional Power Committees;
(v) Central Electricity Authority;
(vi) Licensees;
(vii) any other person notified by the State in this behalf;
(c) to ensure development of an efficient, coordinated and economical system of
intra-State transmission lines for smooth flow of electricity from a generating
station to the load centers;
(d) to provide non-discriminatory open access to its transmission system for use by-
(i) any licensee or generating company on payment of the transmission
charges; or
(ii) any consumer as and when such access is provided by the State
Commission under sub-section (2) of section 42 of the Act, on payment of
the transmission charges and a surcharge thereon, as may be specified by
the State Commission.

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2.3 State Load Despatch Center (SLDC)

(a) Establishment of SLDC:

The State Government of Sikkim shall establish a Centre, in terms of Section 31
of Electricity Act, 2003 to be known as the State Load Despatch Centre
(SLDC). The State Load Despatch Centre shall be operated by a Government
company or any Authority or Corporation established or constituted by or under
any State Act, as may be notified by the Government. Until a Government
Company or any Authority or Corporation is notified by the State Government, the
State Transmission Utility shall operate the State Load Despatch Centre.
Adequate autonomy shall be provided to the State Load Dispatch Centre to
discharge its functions.

(b) Functions of SLDC:

1) The State Load Despatch Centre shall be the apex body to ensure
integrated operation of the power system in the State.
2) The State Load Despatch Centre shall discharge the functions
assigned to it under the Act and in this State Grid Code, in on independent
and unbiased manner.
3) In accordance with section 32 of Electricity Act, 2003, the State
Load Despatch Center shall -
(a) be responsible for optimum scheduling and despatch of electricity within
the State, in accordance with the contracts entered into with the
licensees or the generating companies operating in the State;
(b) monitor grid operations;
(c) keep accounts of the quantity of electricity transmitted through the State
grid;
(d) exercise supervision and control over the intra-State transmission
system; and
(e) be responsible for carrying out real time operations for grid control and
dispatch of electricity within the State through secure and economic
operation of the State grid in accordance with the Grid Standards and
the State Grid Code.
4) The State Load Despatch Centre may levy and collect such fee
and charges from the generating companies and licensees engaged in intra-
State transmission of electricity as may be specified by the Commission.

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 5) In accordance with Section 33 of the Electricity Act, 2003, the
State Load Despatch Center may give such directions and exercise such
supervision and control as may be required for ensuring the integrated grid
operations and for achieving the maximum economy and efficiency in the
operation of power system. Every licensee, generating company, generating
station, sub-station and any other person connected with the operation of the
power system shall comply with the directions issued by the State Load
Despatch Center under sub-section (1) of Section 33 of the Electricity Act,
2003.
6) The State Load Despatch Center shall comply with directions of
the Regional Load Despatch Centre.
7) In case of inter-state bilateral and collective short-term open
access transactions having a state utility or an intra-state entity as a buyer or
a seller, SLDC shall accord concurrence or no objection or a prior standing
clearance, as the case may be, in accordance with the Central Electricity
Regulatory Commission (Open Access in inter-state Transmission)
Regulations, 2008 amended from time to time.

(c) Manning of SLDC

i) The State Load Despatch Centre shall be manned by qualified and

experienced engineers who are well acquainted with the State Transmission
System and Grid Operations.
ii) Periodical Training shall be imparted to the personnel of the State Load
Despatch Centre to update their skills in order to enable them to discharge
their functions stipulated under Section 32 & 33 of the Act.

2.4 Implementation of the State Grid Code

1) The State Transmission Utility and the State Load Depatch Centre shall be
responsible for implementation of the State Grid Code. All the Users shall comply
with the provisions of this State Grid Code and assist the State Transmission
Utility and the State Load Despatch Centre in all aspects. The Users must
provide all the required information required for implementation of the State Grid
Code.
2) If any User has any difficulty in complying with or any of the provisions of the
State Grid Code, he shall, without delay, inform the same to the State
Transmission Utility for guidance in complying with the provision.
3) The operation of the State Grid Code shall be reviewed regularly by the State
Grid Code Review Committee in accordance with the provisions of the relevant
section of the State Grid Code.

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 4) All the Users shall provide such reasonable cooperation and assistance as STU /
SLDC may sought for and required by them. The STU / SLDC shall however refer
all such cases for ratification in the next meeting of the review panel.

2.5 Non - compliance of State Grid Code

1) If any User fails to comply with any provision of the State Grid Code, the STU
shall inform the State Grid Code Review Committee without delay the reasons for
its non-compliance and ensure its compliance promptly.

2) The SLDC shall report to the State Grid Code Review Committee, instances of
serious violation of any provisions of the SGC and incidences of persistent non-
compliance of the directions of the SLDC issued in order to exercise supervision
and control required for ensuring stability of grid operations.

3) Consistent failure to comply with the State Grid Code provisions may lead to
disconnection of the User’s plant and / or facilities from the grid. The
responsibility for the consequences of disconnection including payment of
damages and compensation to consumers rests with the User who consistently
violates the State Grid Code.

2.6 Code responsibilities

1) In discharging its duties under the State Grid Code, STU has to rely on
information, which Users shall supply regarding their requirements and intentions.

2) The STU shall exercise strict supervision over the Users to ensure compliance
with the instructions issued by SLDC for efficient discharge of the Grid
operations.

2.7 Confidentiality

1) Under the terms of the State Grid Code, STU will receive information from Users
relating to their intentions in respect of their Generation or Supply businesses.

2) STU shall not, other than as required by the State Grid Code, disclose such
information to any person other than Central or State Government without the
prior written consent of the provider of the information.

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2.8 Directives from State Government

The State Government may issue policy directives in any matter to STU or SLDC as
the case may be, to take such measures as may be necessary for maintaining
smooth and stable transmission and supply of electricity to any region of State as per
Section 37 of the Electricity Act, 2003. STU shall promptly inform the Commission
and all Users of the requirement of such directives. The Users, subject to the relevant
sections of the Act, shall comply with all such directives.

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 CHAPTER - 3: MANAGEMENT OF STATE GRID CODE

3.1 Management of State Grid Code

The State Transmission Utility (STU) is required to implement and comply with the
State Grid Code and to carry out periodic review and amendments of the same with
the approval of the Commission

3.2 State Grid Code Review Committee

1) A State Grid Code Review Committee shall be constituted by STU, comprising of
the representatives of the State Constituents of the State Transmission System
within thirty days from the date of notification of the State Grid Code Regulations.
2) The Chairperson of the State Grid Code Review Committee shall be an engineer
of the STU not below the rank of Superintending Engineer. The Member
Secretary of the Review Committee shall also be nominated by STU. The Review
Committee shall also consist of the following members as recommended by the
heads of the respective organizations:

(a) One representative from the State Government connected with

Electricity affairs of the State.
(b) One representative at executive level from the concerned
Regional Load Despatch Centre
(c) One representative at executive level from the State Load
Despatch Centre.
(d) One representative at executive level from Distribution System
of the State.
(e) One representative at executive level from each of the
generating companies feeding not less than 10 MW to the State Grid.
(f) One representative from small generating stations of less than
10 MW capacity on rotation basis.
(g) Any other person as may be nominated by the Commission.

3) The Member Secretary nominated by STU shall be the convener and he shall
coordinate the functioning of the State Grid Code Review Committee.
4) The STU shall inform all the Users, the names and addresses of the Review
Committee Chairperson and the Member Secretary. Any subsequent changes
shall also be informed to all the Users by STU. Similarly, each User shall inform

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 the names and designations of their representatives to the Member Secretary of
the Review Committee.

3.4 Functions of the State Grid Code Review Committee

The functions of the State Grid Code Review Committee are as follows:

(a) Implementation of the State Grid Code, and continuous scrutiny and review.
(b) Consideration of all requests for review proposed by any User and publication of
the recommendations for changes in the State Grid Code together with reasons
for such changes.
(c) Consideration of the problems raised by any User as well as resolution of the
problems.
(d) Ensuring that the changes / modifications proposed in the State Grid Code are
consistent and compatible with Indian Electricity Grid Code (IEGC).
(e) To constitute a sub committee (Protection Coordination Committee) with
engineers having adequate experience in Transmission System Protection from
STU, Generating companies and Distribution Licensees. The Protection
Coordination Committee shall also be responsible for all the protection
coordination functions specified in this State Grid Code.
(f) Such other matters as may be directed by the Commission from time to time.

The State Grid Code Review Committee may hold any number of meetings as
required subject to the condition that at least one meeting shall be held once every
six (6) months. Sub-meetings may be held by STU with the Users whenever required
to discuss individual requirements to prepare proposals for Review Committees
consideration.

3.5 Functions of the Protection Coordination Committee

The main functions, of the Protection Coordination Committee are as follows:

(a) Create awareness about various issues related to protection requirements for
any equipment connected to the Intra-State Transmission System.
(b) Review and specify the minimum protection requirements for the User’s
system connected to the Intra-State Transmission System.
(c) Deliberate and decide in various settings, testing procedure and periodicity of
testing of the protection relays.
(d) Deliberate and decide regarding upgradation of protection schemes and
switchgear equipment.

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 (e) Review and analyze the reasons for failure of protection system in case of
any grid disturbances and recommend methods for improvement.
(f) Investigate into any malfunctions of protection equipment or other
unsatisfactory protection issues.
(g) Consider the requests of Users for amendment to any protective conditions
specified in the State Grid Code.
The Protection Co-ordination Committee shall meet whenever requested by STU /
SLDC or atleast once in every three months and shall give their recommendations, if
any, to the State Grid Code Review Committee.

3.6 Review and Revisions

1) State Grid Code shall be reviewed by the State Grid Code Review Committee
atleast once in every twelve (12) months.
2) No change in the State Grid Code shall be made without being deliberated and
agreed by the State Grid Code Review Committee and approved by the
Commission.
3) The Users seeking any amendment to the State Grid Code shall send written
requests to the Member Secretary of the State Grid Code Review Committee.
4) The Member Secretary shall place all the proposed revisions for the State Grid
Code to the Review Committee for its consideration.
5) After discussion in the review meeting, the State Grid Code Review Committee
shall send a report to the STU / Commission, providing information regarding:
(h) Outcome of the review;
(ii) Any proposed revisions to the State Grid Code; and
(iii) Copies of all written representations received from by the Users;
6) The STU shall send its recommendations regarding the proposed
modification(s) / amendment(s) on the report along with all the related
correspondence to the Commission for approval.
7) Amendments to the State Grid Code shall be finalized and notified by the
Commission duly adopting the prescribed procedure followed for regulations
issued by the Commission.
8) After the approval by the Commission, the STU shall publish revisions to the
State Grid Code and forward copies of approved amendments to all Users.
9) The STU shall maintain copies of the State Grid Code with the latest
amendments and shall make them available at a reasonable cost to any person
requiring it. This may also be made available on the website as soon as feasible.
The STU shall keep an upto date list of recipients of all the copies of the State

20
 Grid Code, to ensure that the latest version of State Grid Code reaches to all
concerned.
10) The Commission, may, on the application by the User or otherwise, call the
emergency meeting of the Grid Code Review Committee as and when required
and make such alterations or amendments in the State Grid Code as it thinks fit.

21
 CHAPTER - 4: TRANSMISSION SYSTEM PLANNING

4.1 State Transmission System Planning

The State Transmission Utility (STU), in accordance with Section 39 (2) (b) of
Electricity Act, 2003, shall discharge all functions of planning and coordination
relating to Intra-State transmission system with Central Transmission Utility, State
Government, Generating Companies, Regional Power Committee, Central Electricity
Authority, Licensees and any other person notified by the State Government in this
behalf.

The State Transmission System planning is essential to ensure an efficient,

coordinated, secure and economical State Transmission System, to satisfy the
requirements of future demand.

4.2 Development of State Transmission System

1) Requirement for reinforcement or extension of the State Transmission system

arises due to many reasons, including but not limited to the following:
i) Developments / changes occurring on a User’s
system already connected to the State Transmission System.
ii) Introduction of a new connection point between
the User’s system and the State Transmission System.
iii) System of evacuation of power from generating
stations within or outside the State
iv) Reactive power compensation.
v) Need to increase system capacity, to remove
operational constraints and to maintain standards of security to accommodate
a general increase in the demand.
vi) Transient and steady state stability
considerations.
vii) Cumulative effect of any combination of the
above.
The reinforcement or extension of the State Transmission System may involve work
at an entry or exit point (connection point) of a User to the State Transmission
System.

2) Development of State Transmission system must be planned well in advance to

ensure constituents and way leaves to be obtained and detailed engineering

22
 design / construction work to be completed. To this effect, the system planning
code imposes time lines for exchange of necessary information between STU
and Users.

4.3 Planning Policy

1) Central Electricity Authority (CEA) would formulate perspective transmission plan

for inter-State transmission system as well as intra-State transmission system.
The State Transmission Utility (STU) shall carry out planning process from time
to time as per the requirement for identification of major intra-State transmission
system including inter-State transmission system which shall fit in with the
perspective plan developed by the CEA.
2) The STU shall also plan, from time to time, system strengthening schemes, to
overcome the constraints in power transfer and to improve the overall
performance of the grid. The transmission system plan shall also include
information related to additional equipment including transformers, capacitors,
reactors, Static VAR Compensators etc.
3) The intra-State transmission proposals including system strengthening schemes
identified on the basis of the planning studies shall be discussed, reviewed and
finalized in the meetings of Grid Code Review Committee. Based on above, the
STU shall come out with a transmission system plan.
4) The information on targets set in the preceding plans and progress achieved on
the identified intra-State/inter-State transmission schemes and system
strengthening schemes shall also be included in the transmission system plan.
5) The STU for the purpose of preparing the transmission system plan, may seek
from State Constituents such information as may be required by it, including
generation capacity addition, system augmentation and long-term load forecast
and all (approved/pending) applications for open access.

6) The STU shall also consider the following for the purpose of preparing the
transmission system plan;
(i) Plans formulated by the Central Electricity Authority for the transmission
system under the provisions of clause (a) of Section 73 of the Act;
(ii) Electric Power Survey of India.
(iii) Grid Standards specified by the Central Electricity Authority under clause (d)
of Section 73 of the Act.

23
 (iv) Transmission Plan formulated by Central Transmission Utility under the
provisions of Indian Electricity Grid Code specified by Central Electricity
Regulatory Commission;
(v) Transmission Planning Criteria and Guidelines issued by the Central
Electricity Authority;
(vi) Recommendations/inputs, if any, of the Eastern Regional Power Committee;
(vii) Reports on National Electricity Policy which are relevant for development of
ISTS; and
(viii) Any other information/data source suggested by the Commission.
7) All State Constituents and agencies will supply to the STU, the desired planning
data from time to time to enable it to formulate and finalize its plan.
8) The STU shall send a copy of transmission system plan to the Commission by
31st December each year and also place it on its website. The STU shall also
make the same available to any person upon request.

4.4 Planning Criteria

1) The planning criteria shall be based on the security philosophy on which both
Inter-State Transmission System (ISTS) and the Intra-State Transmission System
(STS) have been planned. The security philosophy may be as per the
Transmission Planning Criteria and other guidelines given by Central Electricity
Authority.
The STU shall carry out appropriate system studies while developing the
transmission system plan.
2) The State Transmission System, as a general rule, shall be capable of
withstanding and be secured against the following contingency outages without
necessitating load shedding or rescheduling of generation during steady state
operations:
i) Outage of a 66 kV / 132 kV D/C line or,
ii) Outage of a 220 kV D/C line or,
iii) Outage of a 400 kV S/C line or,
iv) Outage of a single Interconnecting Transformer
The above contingencies shall be considered assuming a pre–contingency
system depletion (Planned outage) of another 66 kV or 132 kV or 220 KV D/C
line or 400 kV S/C line in another corridor and not emanating from same sub-
station.

24
 3) The planning study would assume that all the generating units may operate within
their reactive capability curves and the network voltage profile are also
maintained within voltage limits specified.
4) The State Transmission System shall be capable of withstanding the loss of most
severe single system in feed without loss of stability.
5) Any one of the events defined above shall not cause:
(i) Loss of supply;
(ii) Prolonged operation of the
system frequency below and above specified limits;
(iii) Unacceptable high or low
voltage;
(iv) System instability;
(v) Unacceptable overloading of
State Transmission System elements
6) In all EHV sub-stations (66 kV and above), suitable number (atleast two) and
appropriate capacity transformers shall be provided to have reliability.
7) The STU shall carry out planning studies for Reactive Power compensation of
State Transmission System including reactive power consumption requirement at
the State Generating Stations switchyard.

4.5 Planning responsibility

1) The primary responsibility of load forecasting within distribution licensee’s area of
supply rests with the respective Distribution Licensees. The Distribution Licensee
shall determine peak load and energy forecast of their areas for each category of
loads for each of the succeeding 5 years and submit the same annually by 30 th
April to STU along with details of demand forecasts, data, methodology and
assumptions on which forecasts are based along with their requirement for
transmission system augmentation.
2) Generating stations shall provide their
generation capacity to STU for evacuating power from their power stations for
each of the succeeding 5 years along with their requirement for augmentation of
transmission proposals and submit the same annually by 30th April to STU.
3) The planning for strengthening the State
Transmission System for evacuation of power from generating stations of outside
State shall be initiated by STU.

4.6 Planning data

25
 State Generating Companies / IPPs / licensees shall supply following types of data to
STU for the purpose of developing transmission plan:
(i) Standard Planning Data
(ii) Detailed Planning Data

(a) Standard Planning Data:

i) Standard Planning data shall consist of
details which are expected to be normally sufficient for the STU to
investigate the impact on the State Transmission System (STS) due to
User / Transmission Licensee development.
ii) The Transmission Licensees and Users
shall provide the following standard planning data to STU from time to
time in the standard formats prescribed by STU.
(a) preliminary project planning data,
(b) committed project planning data and
(c) connected planning data.

(b) Detailed Planning data:

i) Detailed Planning data shall consist of detailed data required by STU to
asses the impact of User’s / Transmission Licensee’s development on the
State Transmission System.
ii) The detailed planning data shall be furnished by the Users and
Transmission Licensees as and when requested by STU.
(c) Formats:
i) The formats for submission of the above data are given in
Appendices.
ii) The one time data shall be submitted by all the Users and
Transmission Licensees to STU within six (6) months from the date of
notification of this State Grid Code.
iii) STU shall also furnish to all the Users, the Annual Transmission Planning
Report, Grid Map and any other information as the Commission may
specify.

4.7 Implementation of Transmission Plan

The actual programme of implementation of transmission lines, inter–connecting
transformers, reactors/capacitors and other transmission elements will be determined by

26
STU in consultation with the concerned users. The completion of these works within time
frame shall be ensured by STU through the concerned agencies.

27
 CHAPTER - 5: CONNECTION CONDITIONS

5.1 General Connectivity Conditions

1) The Requester shall be responsible for the planning, design, construction,
reliability, protection and safe operation of its own equipment.
2) The Requester and User shall furnish data as required by the State Transmission
Utility or by the licensee or generating station with whose system the inter-
connection is proposed, for permitting interconnection with the Grid.
3) The Requester and user shall provide necessary facilities for voice and data
communication and transfer of on-line operational data, such as voltage,
frequency, line flows, and status of breaker and isolator position and other
parameters as prescribed by the State Load Despatch Centre.
4) The Requester and User shall cooperate with State Load Despatch Centre in
respect of the matters listed below, but not limited to:
(a) protection coordination and settings of its protective relays accordingly;
(b) agree to maintain meters and communication system in its jurisdiction in good
condition;
(c) participate in contingency operations such as load shedding, increasing or
reducing generation, islanding, black start, providing start-up power and
restoration as per the procedure decided by the State Load Despatch Centre;
(d) furnish data as required by State Transmission Utility or Transmission
Licensee, State Load Despatch Centre, Eastern Regional Power Committee,
and any committee constituted by the Commission or Government for system
studies or for facilitating analysis of tripping or disturbance in power system;
(e) carryout modifications in his equipment with respect to short circuit level,
protection coordination and other technical reasons considered necessary
due to operational requirements;
(f) abide by the coordinated outage plan of the state and region in respect of
generating units and transmission lines as approved by the State Load
Despatch Centre;

5.2 Procedure for connection to the State Transmission System

1) Application for establishing new arrangement or modification of existing

arrangement of connection to and / or use of the State Transmission System
shall be submitted by the concerned Requester / User to the State
Transmission Utility (STU).

28
 The standard format for application shall be developed by State Transmission
Utility and shall be made available at its office and in its website within two (2)
months of notification of this State Grid Code Regulations, 2012.

2) The above application shall be submitted along with the following details:

(i) Purpose of the proposed connection or modification, transmission

licensee to whose system connection is proposed, connection point,
description of apparatus to be connected or modification of the apparatus
already connected and beneficiaries of the proposed connection;

(ii) Construction schedule including completion date, and

(iii) Confirmation that the User shall abide by the provisions of State
Grid Code.

3) The STU shall forward a copy of the application to the concerned Transmission
Licensee in whose system the connection is being sought and to the State
Load Despatch Centre for their comments.

4) The STU or the Transmission licensee, in whose system the connection is being
sought, may carry out the power system studies as considered appropriate
before allowing any new connection.

5) The STU shall, within thirty (30) days, from the receipt of an application and
after considering all suggestions and comments received from the parties
identified under para (3) above accept the application with such modification or
such conditions as may be specified by the STU.

6) On acceptance of an application, the STU shall make a formal offer to the

applicant for consent, specifying any works required for the extension or
reinforcement of the State Transmission System necessitated by the applicants
proposal.

A copy of the offer shall be forwarded to the concerned Transmission Licensee.

7) The STU shall, upon compliance of the required conditions by the User, shall
notify the concerned User, that it can be connected to the State Transmission
System.

8) The applicant and the concerned Transmission Licensee or STU, in whose

system the connection is being sought, shall finalise a Connection Agreement
on acceptance of the offer by the applicant. A copy of the Connection
Agreement shall be provided to the STU and SLDC.

29
5.3 Rejection of application

1) The STU shall be entitled to reject any application for connection to the State
Transmission System for reasons, to be recorded in writing, if such application is
not in accordance with the provisions of the State Grid Code.
2) In the event of any dispute with regard to rejection of application by STU, the
User may approach the Commission

5.4 Connection Agreement

1) All Users connected to or Requesters seeking connections to the Grid shall enter
into connection agreement with the STU.
A connection agreement, shall include within its terms and conditions, the
following:

(i) A condition requiring both parties to comply with the provisions of

the State Grid Code.

(ii) Details of connection, technical requirements and commercial

arrangements.

(iii) Details of any capital related expenditure arising from

reinforcement or extension of the system, data communication etc, and
demarcation of the same between the concerned parties.

(iv) Details of Plants and equipments to be connected.

(v) A Site Responsibility Schedule.

(vi) Any other information considered appropriate by the STU or the

Commission.

2) The STU shall develop a model Connection Agreement within two months and
submit to the Commission for approval.

5.5 Site Responsibility Schedule

1) For every connection to the State Transmission System for which a connection
agreement is required, the User shall prepare a schedule called ‘Site
Responsibility Schedule’ indicating the following for each item of equipment
installed at the connection site.
i) Ownership of the equipment
ii) Responsibility for control of equipment
iii) Responsibility for maintenance of equipment

30
 iv) Responsibility for operation of equipment
v) Responsibility for all matters relating to safety of any person at the
connection / interface site.
vi) Management of the Connection / Interface site.
2) The format to be used in the preparation of Site Responsibility Schedule is
given in Appendix – C in the Data Registration Chapter.

5.6 Access to Connection Site

The Requester or User, as the case may be, owning the electrical plant shall provide
reasonable access and other required facilities to the State Transmission Utility or
State Load Despatch Centre, whose equipment is installed or proposed to be
installed at the Connection Site for installation, operation and maintenance etc, of the
equipment.

5.7 Site Common Drawings

Site Common Drawings shall be prepared for each connection point by the owner of
the sub-station where connection is taking place.

5.8 System Performance

1) The Design and Construction of all the equipment connected to the State
Transmission System shall satisfy the relevant Indian Standard Specifications.
In case of equipment for which Indian Standard Specifications do not exist, the
appropriate IEC, or IEEE or other International Standards shall apply.
2) Installation of all electrical equipment shall comply with IE Rules, 1956 which
are in force for time being or as replaced by new rules made under Electricity
Act, 2003.
3) For every new / modified connection sought the STU shall specify the
connection point, technical requirements and the voltage to be used, along with
protection and metering requirements as specified in the Protection System
(Chapter-6) and Metering (Chapter-15).
4) Insulation coordination of the User’s equipment shall conform to those
applicable as per Indian Standards. Rupturing capacity of the switchgear shall
not be less than that specified as per Indian Standards.
5) Protection schemes and metering schemes shall be as detailed in the
Protection and Metering Chapters.

31
 6) The State Transmission System rated frequency shall be 50.00 Hz and shall
normally be controlled within the limits as per Regulations issued by the
Authority.
7) The User shall be subject to the Grid discipline prescribed by SLDC and
ERLDC.

5.9 Connection Points / Interface points

1) State Generating Station (SGS) / IPPs / CPPs:

 The voltage at the Connection point / Interface point with the State
Transmission System may be 220/132/66 KV or as agreed with STU.
 Unless specifically agreed with STU, the Connection point with generating
station shall be the terminal isolator provided just before the outgoing gantry
of the feeders.
 Generating stations shall operate and maintain all terminals,
communication and protection equipments provided within the generating
station.
 The provisions for the metering between generating station and STU
system or Transmission licensee system shall be as per the Metering Code.
 Respective Users shall maintain their equipment from the going out
feeders’ gantry onwards emanating from generating station

2) Distribution Licensee:

 The voltage at the Connection Point / Interface Point to State

Transmission System may be as specified by the Distribution Licensee or as
agreed with STU.

 Unless specifically agreed with Distribution Licensee, the Connection

point with STU shall be the outgoing feeder gantry from STU sub-station.

 STU shall operate and maintain all terminals, communication and

protection equipments provided within its sub-station.

 The provisions for the metering between Distribution Licensee and STU
systems shall be as per the Metering Code.

 Respective Users shall maintain their equipment beyond the out going
gantry of feeders emanating from STU sub-station onwards.

3) Regional Transmission System:

 The Connection, protection scheme, metering scheme and the voltage shall
be in accordance with the provisions of IEGC.

32
 4) EHV Consumers and Open Access Customers:

 The voltage may be 220/132/66 KV or as agreed with STU.

 The Connection point shall be just before the feeder gantry in their premises.
The metering point shall be Connection point / Interface Point with their
system.

5.10 General conditions for Connectivity of renewable energy generating station to

the grid
i) A generating station of renewable sources can be connected at the distribution
level (below 33 kV) or transmission level (at or above 33 kV) of the State.
Explanation
If connected at distribution level, it along with fluctuating load, may even out
fluctuations that get reflected on to the transmission system.

If a group of renewable generators are connected at the transmission level of the

State, then the fluctuations of generation of various renewable generators would
be evened out to get reflected as lesser fluctuations over the STU system at
higher voltage level.

5.11 Data requirements:

1) All the Users shall provide STU with data as specified in the Data Registration
Chapter.
2) Unless otherwise agreed in Connection Agreement, the equipment for data
transmission and communication shall be operational and maintained by the User
in whose premises it is installed irrespective of its ownership.

33
 CHAPTER - 6: PROTECTION SYSTEM

6.1 General Principles

1) Protection system is an important technical requirement for connectivity to the

grid. No item of electrical equipment shall be allowed to remain connected to the
State Transmission System unless it is covered by minimum specified protection
relay settings aimed at reliability, selectivity, speed, stability and sensitivity.
2) All Users shall co-operate with STU to ensure correct and appropriate settings of
protection to achieve effective, discriminatory removal of faulty equipment within
the target clearance time specified in this section.
3) Protective Relay settings shall not be altered, or protection relays bypassed
and/or disconnected without consultation and agreement between all Users. In
case where protection is bypassed and/or disconnected by an agreement, then
the cause must be rectified and the protection restored to normal condition as
quickly as possible. If agreement has not been reached, that electrical equipment
which is not having protection shall be removed from service forthwith.

6.2 Protection Coordination

1) The settings of protective relays starting from the generating unit upto the remote
end of 66 KV line shall be such that only the faulty section is isolated under all
circumstances. The STU shall notify the initial settings and any subsequent
changes approved by the Protection Coordination Committee to the Users from
time to time. Periodical testing of all the protective relays shall be conducted once
in six months.
2) Malfunctioning of any protective relay shall be intimated to the Protection
Coordination Committee immediately for analyzing and to recommend necessary
corrective actions.
3) A separate cell headed by an engineer of executive level, having experience in
protection of system and consisting of necessary supporting technical and non-
technical staff shall be established by the STU, for testing and maintenance of
protection relays, meters and other connected instruments.
4) At all places where protection schemes are installed, they have to be exhibited in
single line diagram.
5) Copies of the specifications of all the protection relays installed shall be provided
at all places where such relays are installed.

34
6.3 Fault Clearance Times

1) The fault clearance time when all equipment operate correctly, for a three phase
fault (close to the bus bars) on user equipment directly connected to State
Transmission System and for a three phase fault (close to bus bars) on State
Transmission Connected to the users equipment, shall not be more than;
a) 160 milliseconds for 220 kV and 132 kV class of voltage
b) 300 milliseconds for 66 kV class of voltage
2) Lesser fault clearance time than the above are preferable.
3) Lower fault clearance times for faults on a Users system may be agreed to but
only if, in STU’s opinion, system conditions allow this. STU shall specify the
required opening time and rupturing capacity of the circuit breakers at various
locations for STU and Distribution Licensees / Open Access Customers directly
connected to Transmission System. At generating stations, line faults should be
cleared at the generation station end within the critical clearing time so that the
generators remain in synchronism.

6.4 Protection requirements for Generating Units

All Generating Units and all associated electrical equipment of the Generating Units
connected to the intra-State transmission system shall be protected by adequate
protection so that the intra-State transmission system does not suffer due to any
disturbances originating from the Generation units. The generator protection
schemes shall cover at least Differential protection, back up protection, Stator Earth
fault protection, field ground/field failure protection (not applicable to brush-less
excitation system), negative sequence protection, under frequency, over flux
protection, back up impedance protection and pole slipping protection (applicable to
units above 200 MW), loss of field protection, reverse power protection etc.

6.5 Protection requirements for Transmission Line

1) General

Every EHT line taking off from a Generating Station or a sub-station or a

switching station shall have adequate protection and back up protection as
mentioned below.
Switchgear equipment and Relay Panels for the protection of lines of STU taking off
from a Generating Station shall be owned and maintained by the Generator. Any
transmission line related relay settings or any change in relay settings will be carried

35
 out by the Generator in close co-ordination and consultation with STU. Carrier
cabinets / equipment, Line matching units including wave traps and communication
cables shall be owned and maintained by STU. All Generators shall provide space,
connection facility, and access to STU for such purpose.

2) 220 KV Transmission Lines

All 220 KV transmission lines owned by STU shall have two fast acting protection
schemes.

Main-1 protection scheme shall be numeric, three zone, non-switched fast acting
distance protection scheme with permissible inter-trip at remote end (in case of
zone-2 fault). The scheme shall have power swing blocking, location of fault
recording, disturbance recording, event logger, communication port, single and three
shot auto reclosing as well as Local Breaker Backup (LBB).

Main-2 protection scheme shall be static/ numeric, three zone, switched/ non-
switched fast acting distance protection scheme having all features as in Main- 1
except auto reclosing and Local Breaker Backup (LBB).
For back-up protection, three directional IDMTL over current relays and
unidirectional earth fault relay shall be provided.

3) 132 KV/66 KV Lines

A single scheme three zone, non-switched numeric distance protection with standard
built in features like single and three phase tripping, carrier inter-tripping, IDMT over
current and earth fault, power swing blocking and LBB protection shall be provided
as main protection.
The backup protection shall be at least two directional IDMTL over current relays and
one directional earth fault relay.
For short transmission radial lines, appropriate alternative protection schemes may
be adopted.

6.6 Protection requirements for Transformer

1) The following minimum protections shall be ensured for transformers:

(i) All 220 KV class power transformers shall be provided with
numeric fast acting differential, REF, open delta (Neutral Displacement Relay)
and over-fluxing relays. In addition, there shall be back up IDMTL over current
and earth fault protection. For parallel operation, such back up protection shall

36
 have inter-tripping of both HV and LV breakers. For protection against heavy
short circuits, the over current relays should incorporate a high set instantaneous
element. In addition to electrical protection, transformer own protection viz.
buchholz, OLTC oil surge, gas operated relays, winding temperature protection,
oil temperature protection, PRV relay shall be provided for alarm and trip
functions.
(ii) For 132 KV and 66 KV class power transformers of capacity of 10
MVA and above; the protection shall be same as mentioned in 7.6(i) above
except over-fluxing, Restricted Earth Fault (REF) and Pressure Relief Valve
(PRV) relays.
(iii) For 132 KV and 66 KV class power transformers of capacity less
than 10 MVA, over-current with high set instantaneous element along with
auxiliary relays for transformer trip and alarm functions as per transformer
requirements, shall be provided.

2) In addition to electrical protection, gas operated relays, winding temperature

protection and oil temperature protection shall be provided.

6.7 Fire Protection of Sub-Station

Adequate precautions shall be taken and protection shall be provided against fire
hazards to all apparatus and other assets confirming to relevant Indian Standard
Specification and provisions in I.E. Rules. The fire fighting equipment installed shall
be maintained in good working condition and shall be inspected daily and recorded in
the maintenance logbook by the concerned in-charge person. The single line
schematic diagram of the fire protection arrangement shall be displayed in the sub-
station control room.

6.8 Calibration and Testing

The protection scheme shall be tested at each 220 KV, 132 KV, 66 KV sub-station by
STU and Users once in six months or immediately after any major fault, which ever is
earlier. Testing and calibration of all protection schemes pertaining to generating
units/stations shall be the responsibility of respective SGS.

6.9 Data requirements

Users shall provide to the STU and SLDC with data as specified in Appendix-D.

37
38
 CHAPTER - 7: SYSTEM SECURITY ASPECTS

7.1 System Security

1) All State Constituents shall endeavor to operate their respective power systems
and generating stations in synchronism with each other at all times, such that the
State Grid operates as synchronized system and integrated part of Concerned
Regional Grid. The STU shall endeavor to operate the inter-state links in such a
way that transfer of power can be achieved smoothly when required. Security of
the power system and safety of power equipment shall enjoy priority over
economically optimal operations.

2) All switching operations, whether affected manually or automatic, will be based

on policy guidelines of:
i) IEGC
ii) ERLDC’s instructions/guidelines
iii) State Grid Code

3) No part of the State Transmission System shall be deliberately isolated from the
integrated grid except under the following conditions;
i) Under emergency conditions in which such isolation would prevent a total grid
collapse and / or would enable early restoration of power supply
ii) When serious damage to a costly equipment is imminent and such isolation
would prevent it and
iii) When such isolation is specifically instructed by SLDC.

4) In case of isolating of any important element of the State Transmission System

under an emergency situation, the same shall be intimated to SLDC at the
earliest possible time after the event.

5) Complete synchronization of grid shall be restored as soon as the conditions

permit it. The restoration process shall be supervised by SLDC.

6) Any tripping, whether manual or automatic of any transmission lines of 66 KV and

above or power transformers of 66 KV and above of State Grid shall be promptly
reported to the SLDC at the earliest along with the reasons for such tripping and
the likely time required for restoration. While restoring the tripped equipment /
line, the SLDC shall be informed and get the clearance.

39
7) Each User and Transmission Licensee shall provide adequate and reliable
communication facility internally and with the SLDC, other Users and other
Transmission Licensees to ensure exchange of data/information necessary to
maintain reliability and security of the grid.
8) The User and State Transmission Utility shall provide the requested
information/data including disturbance recorder/sequential event recorder output
etc to State Load Despatch Centre for purpose of analysis of any grid
disturbance/event.

40
 CHAPTER - 8: FREQUENCY AND VOLTAGE MANAGEMENT

8.1 Frequency Management

1) The rated frequency of the system shall be 50 Hz and shall normally be controlled
within the limits specified by the Central Electricity Authority (CEA). STU and
SLDC shall make all possible efforts to ensure that grid frequency remains within
49.5 – 50.2 Hz. Frequency band is tightened in the Indian Electricity Grid Code
(IEGC) 2010 from 49.2 – 50.3 Hz to 49.5 – 50.2 Hz, in the interest of grid security
and to ensure better power quality.

Falling Frequency

2) Under falling frequency conditions, SLDC shall take appropriate action to issue
instructions, in co-ordination with ERLDC, to arrest the falling frequency and
restore frequency within permissible range. Such instructions may include
despatch instruction to State Generating Stations to increase generation and/or
instruction to Distribution Licensees and Open access customers to reduce load
demand by appropriate manual and/or automatic load shedding.
3) Users and Transmission Licensees shall provide automatic under frequency and
df/dt relay-based load shedding/islanding schemes in their respective systems,
wherever applicable, to arrest frequency decline that could result in a
collapse/disintegration of the State grid, and shall ensure its effective application
to prevent cascade tripping of generating units in case of any contingency.
4) Users and Transmission Licensees shall ensure that the under-frequency and
df/dt relay-based load shedding/islanding schemes are always functional.

However, the relays may be temporarily kept out of service, in extreme

contingencies, with prior consent of State Load Despatch Centre.

Rising Frequency

5) Under rising frequency conditions, SLDC shall take appropriate action to issue
instructions to Generating stations, in co-ordination with ERLDC, to arrest the
rising frequency and restore frequency within permissible range. SLDC shall also
issue instructions to Distribution Licensees and Open access customers to lift
Load shedding (if exists) in order to take additional load.

41
8.2 Voltage Management

1) Users using the Intra-State Transmission System shall make all possible efforts to
ensure that the grid voltage always remains within the limits as specified in IEGC-
2010

Voltage (KV rms)

Nominal Maximum Minimum

220 245 198

132 145 122

66 72 60

33 36 30

2) The STU and/or SLDC shall carry out load flow studies based on operational data
from time to time to predict where voltage problems may be encountered and
identify appropriate measures to ensure that voltages remain within the defined
limits. On the basis of these studies, SLDC shall instruct SGS to maintain
specified voltage level at interconnecting points.

SLDC shall continuously monitor 220 KV, 132 KV, and 66 KV voltage levels at
strategic sub-stations.

3) The SLDC shall take appropriate measures to control Voltages at EHV Sub-
stations, which may include transformer tap changing, capacitor / reactor
switching capacitor switching by Distribution Licensees at 33 KV substations, and
use of MVAr reserves with SGS within technical limits agreed to between STU
and Generators. Generators shall inform SLDC of their reactive reserve capability
promptly on request.

4) The SLDC will ensure that there is minimum reactive power flow on transmission
network. Reactive energy demand would be met by installation of capacitor
banks at suitable sub-stations as per load flow study.

5) Distribution Licensees and Open access customers shall participate in voltage

management by providing local VAR compensation (as far as possible in low

42
 voltage system close to load points) such that they do not drawn VARs from the
EHV grid.
CHAPTER - 9: OPERATION PLANNING

9.1 Operation Policy

1) The STU and SLDC shall periodically review the performance of the State Grid
for the past period and plan stable operation of the Grid for the future,
considering various parameters and occurrences such as frequency deviations,
voltage profile, line loadings, Grid incidents, performance of system protection
schemes.
2) Participant utilities shall cooperate with each other and adopt “Good Utility
Practice at” all times for satisfactory and beneficial operation of the State Grid.
3) Overall operation of the State Grid shall be supervised by the State Load
Despatch Centre (SLDC). The role of SLDC shall be in accordance with the
provisions of the Act.
4) The SLDC shall develop, document and maintain a set of detailed internal
operating procedures for managing the State Grid in consultation with State
constituents and shall be consistent with State Grid Code.
These internal operating procedures shall include the following:
(i) Black start procedures;
(ii) Load shedding procedures;
(iii) Islanding procedures; and
(iv) Any other procedures considered appropriate by the SLDC.

The above procedures shall be submitted, within three (3) months, to the
Commission for approval.
5) The control rooms of the State Load Despatch Centre, Power Plants, Substations
of 132 kV and above and any other control centres of Transmission Licensees
and Users shall be manned round-the-clock by qualified and adequately trained
personnel.

9.2 Demand Estimation for Operational Purpose

1) The demand estimation is to be done on daily / weekly /

monthly basis for current year for Load-Generation Balance Planning. The SLDC
shall carryout system studies for operational planning purpose using this demand
estimate.

43
 2) The SLDC shall develop methodologies / mechanisms for
daily / weekly / monthly / yearly demand estimation (MW, MVAH and MWh) for
operational purposes. Based on this demand estimate and the estimated
availability from different sources. SLDC shall plan demand management
measures like load shedding, power cuts etc. SLDC shall also maintain historical
database for demand estimation.
3) The long term demand estimation and load forecast (for
more than 1 year) shall be done by STU. The SLDC shall be provided with a copy
of the same as and when it is finalized.
4) It shall be the responsibility of all Distribution Licensees to
fully cooperate with STU & SLDC in preparation of demand estimation and shall
provide relevant data and other information as required by SLDC.
5) Based on the data furnished by the Distribution Licensees,
STU shall make monthly peak and lean period demand estimates for year ahead
and daily peak and lean period demand estimates for the month ahead and
furnish the same to SLDC.
6) The Distribution Licensee shall provide to SLDC, estimates
of loads that may be shed when required, in discreet blocks with details of
arrangements of such load shedding. The Distribution Licensees shall also
furnish details of essential loads, for which power cuts are to be avoided.
7) The monthly estimated demand by the SLDC shall be
provided to RLDC and ERPC for better operation planning.

9.3 Demand Management (Demand Control)

1) The SLDC, STU and Users shall initiate action to restrict the drawl of its control
area, within the net drawal schedule whenever the system frequency falls to 49.7
Hz.
2) The SLDC shall ensure that requisite load shedding is carried out in its control
area so that there is no over drawal when frequency falls to 49.5 Hz and there
continues to be no overdrawal when frequency is 49.5 Hz or below.
3) Automatic load shedding shall be resorted to by means of installation of the
Under Frequency Relays at the sub stations of the STU as per the directions of
the SLDC to preserve the overall integrity of the power system. The number and
size of the discrete blocks using Automatic Under Frequency Relays for load
disconnection shall be determined on rotational basis in consultation with every
Distribution Licensee. The frequency settings of these relays shall be coordinated
in consultation with the ERLDC.

44
 4) Whenever restoration of large portions of the total demand disconnection effected
by the automatic load shedding is not possible within a reasonable time, the
SLDC shall implement additional disconnection manually, to restore an
equivalent amount of demand disconnected.
Each Distribution Licensee shall help the SLDC in identifying such load blocks.
Load disconnected by the operation of automatic load shedding devices shall not
be restored without specific directions from the SLDC.
5) Planned manual load shedding shall be implemented by the SLDC when there is
a shortfall in generation, or constraints in Transmission System, or reduction of
imports through external connection etc., requiring demand control to control the
over-drawl of power from ISGS. In such cases a rotational load shedding scheme
shall be adopted to ensure equitable treatment for all consumers as far as
practicable.
6) Emergency manual load shedding to deal with unacceptable voltage and
frequency levels etc. shall be implemented by the SLDC when loss of generation,
mismatch of generation with the demand, constraints in the transmission system,
over-drawal from the grid in excess of respective schedule affecting the
frequency of the regional grid below 49 Hz, requiring load shedding at short
notice or no notice, to maintain a regulating margin.
7) These control measures shall not be withdrawn till the system frequency
improves and when the SLDC issues such instructions after review of the
situation.

9.4 Load Crash

1) In the event of load crash in the system due to weather disturbance or any other
reasons, the situation would be controlled by SLDC by the following methods in
descending priorities:

a) Lifting of the load restrictions, if any,

b) Exporting the power to neighboring regions/ states,

c) Backing down of thermal stations with a time lag of 5-10 minutes for short
period in merit order,

d) Closing down of hydel units (subject to non spilling of water and effect on
irrigation) keeping in view the inflow of water into canals and safety of
canals/hydel channels,

The above methodology shall be reviewed from time to time.

45
2) While implementing the above, the system security aspects should not be
violated as per provisions in Chapter 5 of this State Grid Code.

46
9.5 Periodic Reports

1) Weekly Reports

A weekly report shall be put on its website by SLDC and shall cover the
performance of the State Grid for the previous week. Such weekly report shall be
available on the website of the SLDC for at least 12 weeks. The weekly report
shall contain the following:-
(i) Frequency profile;
(ii) Voltage profile of important substations;
(iii) Demand and Supply Situation;
(iv) Major Generation and Transmission Outages;
(v) Transmission Constraints; and
(vi) Instances of persistent/significant non-compliance of SGC.
(vii)Instances of inordinate delays in restoration of transmission lines and
generating unit.

2) Other Reports
i) The SLDC shall prepare a quarterly report which shall bring out the system
constraints, reasons for not meeting the requirements, if any, of security
standards and quality of service, along with details of various actions taken by
different users, and the users responsible for causing the constraints.
ii) The SLDC shall also provide information/report which can be called for by
STU in the interest of smooth operation of STS.

9.6 Written Operating Instructions:

1) Written operating instructions for each equipment and operating

procedure for sequence of operations of power system equipment shall be
available at each sub-station and switchyard.
2) The operating procedure followed shall not be inconsistent with the
manufacturer’s instructions regarding particular items of equipment.
3) All operators shall be aware of all the operating instructions and
procedures and be capable of operating the equipment skillfully.
4) These operating instructions and procedures shall be revised whenever
required.

47
48
 CHAPTER - 10: OUTAGE PLANNING

10.1 Outage Planning Process

1) The SLDC shall be responsible

for analyzing the outage schedule given by all users (Transmission
licensees / SGS) preparing a draft annual outage schedule and finalization of
the annual outage plan for the following financial year.
2) All Users and STU shall provide
SLDC with their proposed outage programmes in writing for the next financial
year by 31st October of each year. These shall contain identification of each
generating unit/ transmission line/ICT, the preferred date for each outage and
its duration.
3) The SLDC shall then come out
with a draft outage schedule programme for the next financial year by 15 th
January of each year for the State Grid taking into account the draft outage
plan for the State given by ERPC Secretariat. This will be done after carrying
out necessary system studies and, if necessary, the outage programmes shall
be rescheduled. Adequate balance between generation and load requirement
shall be ensured while finalising outage programmes.
4) The Annual Outage Plan shall be
finalized by SLDC after considering the final outage plan for the State
prepared by the ERPC Secretariat and shall be intimated to all State
constituents for implementation latest by 15th February of each year.
5) The above annual outage plan
shall be reviewed by SLDC on quarterly and monthly basis in coordination
with all parties concerned, and adjustments made wherever found to be
necessary.
6) In case of emergency in the
system, viz., loss of generation, breakdown of transmission line affecting the
system, grid disturbances, system isolation, SLDC may conduct studies again
before clearance of the planned outage.
7) Each State constituent shall
obtain the final approval from SLDC prior to availing an outage.

10.2 Availing of shutdowns schedule

49
1) The SLDC would review on daily basis the
proposed outage schedule for the next two days and in case of any
contingency or conditions such as;

(i) Major grid disturbances,

(ii) System isolation,

(iii) Partial black out,

(iv) or any other event in the system that may have an adverse
impact as the system security by the proposed outage.

2) The SLDC may defer any planned outage

stating the reasons thereof. The revised dates in such cases would be
finalized in consultation with the User as soon as possible.

3) The STU and User shall obtain the final

approval from SLDC prior to availing the shutdown.

4) Where interruption of power supply is caused to

consumers due to availing of the planned shutdown, the Distribution Licensee
shall give prior information to the consumers by publishing in the daily
newspaper regarding the interruption of supply timings.

50
 CHAPTER - 11: CONTINGENCY PLANNING

11.1 Contingency Planning Procedure

1) The SLDC shall be prepared to face and efficiently

handle the following types of contingencies and restoration of system back to
normal:
 Partial system blackout in the state due to multiple tripping of the
Transmission lines emanating from power stations/sub-stations
 Total black out in the State/Region
 System islands / System split
2) Diesel generating (DG) sets of sufficient capacity
shall be provided at each power station to meet the start-up power.
3) Synchronizing facility shall be available at all power
stations and 220 KV, 132 KV and 66 KV sub-stations having inter-
connection with Inter State Transmission System.
4) In case of partial blackout in the system/state, priority
is to be given for early restoration of power station units, which have tripped.
5) In case of total regional blackout, SLDC shall co-
ordinate and follow the instructions of Eastern Regional Load Despatch
Centre (ERLDC) for early restoration of the entire grid.
6) For safe and fast restoration of supply, SLDC shall
formulate the proper sequence of operations for major generating units, lines,
transformers and load within the state. The sequence of operations shall
include opening, closing/tripping of circuit breakers, isolators, on-load tap-
changers etc.

11.2 Restoration Procedure

1) Detailed procedure for restoration of the State Grid under partial / total
blackout shall be developed by SLDC in consultation with ERLDC and all
Users and shall be reviewed / updated annually.
2) Detailed procedures for restoration under partial / total blackout of each
User’s system within the State will be finalized by the concerned User in co-
ordination with SLDC.
3) List of generating stations with black start facility, inter-state / inter-regional
ties, synchronizing points and essential loads to be restored on priority, shall
be available with SLDC.

51
 4) All communication channels required for restoration process shall be used for
operational communication only till grid normalcy is restored.

11.3 Special considerations applicable to contingency planning

1) During the process of restoration of the State

Transmission System the normal standards of voltage and frequency need
not be insisted and may left to the discretion of the SLDC.
2) Distribution Licensees shall separately identify
non-essential loads, which may be kept off during system contingent
conditions. They shall also draw up an appropriate schedule with
corresponding load blocks in each case. The non-essential loads can be put
on only when system normalcy is restored or as advised by SLDC.
3) All Users shall pay special attention in carrying
out the procedures to prevent secondary collapse of the system due to undue
haste or inappropriate loading operation of conditions.
4) Despite the urgency of the situation, prompt and
complete logging of all operations and operational messages shall be
ensured by all Users to facilitate subsequent investigation into the incident
and reviewing of the efficiency of the restoration process. Such investigation
shall be conducted after the incident, and placed before the Grid Code
Review Committee in its next meeting.

11.4 Post disturbance analysis

The SLDC as per guidelines and instructions from ERLDC shall carry out the post-
analysis of disturbance occurrence of all major grid disturbances resulting into total
or partial system blackout and out of synchronization of any part of the State Grid.
All users shall enable SLDC to analyze the system disturbance and furnish report
to ERLDC.

52
 CHAPTER - 12: OPERATIONAL EVENT INFORMATION REPORTING

12.1 Reportable Events

1) All events in the State Transmission System having an operational effect on
the User’s system shall be reported by the STU to SLDC and to Users whose
systems are affected.
2) All events in the User’s system having an operational effect on the State
Transmission System shall be reported by the User to the STU and SLDC
and who inturn shall intimate the other Users on whose system the event may
have an operational effect.
3) Any of the following incidents / events that could affect the State
Transmission System requires reporting:
a) Exceptionally high / low system voltage or frequency.
b) Serious equipment problem relating to major circuit breaker, transformer
or bus bar.
c) Failure of major Generating Units.
d) System split, State Transmission System breakaway or Black Start.
e) Tripping of transmission Line, ICT (Inter connecting transformer) and
capacitor banks.
f) Major fire incidents.
g) Major failure of protection equipment.
h) Equipment and Transmission Line overload.
i) Accidents-Fatal and Non-Fatal.
j) Load Crash / Loss of Load
k) Excessive drawal deviations.

12.2 Reporting Procedure

1) All incidents occurring on lines and equipment above 33 kV and all the lines
on which there is the inter user flow affecting the State Transmission System
shall immediately be reported orally on telephone or through power line
carrier communication etc by the User or STU whose equipment has
experienced the incident to SLDC. The reporting User or STU shall submit a
confirmation report by Telephone message / Fax / E-mail to SLDC within one
hour of such oral report.

53
 The reporting User shall submit a written report within 2 (two) days of
occurrences of the incident to the SLDC by e-mail or by courier or by certified
post.

2) The SLDC shall suo moto call for a report from any User on any incident
affecting other Users or STU. However, this shall not relieve any User from
the obligation to report events in accordance with provisions of the State Grid
Code to SLDC / STU.
3) A written report containing the following details confirming the oral report,
shall be sent to SLDC by the User or STU.

(i) Location of incident.

(ii) Time and date of incident.
(iii) Plant and equipment directly involved.
(iv) Details of relay indications with nature of fault implications.
(v) Demand / Transmission or Generation (in MW) interrupted and duration
of interruption.
(vi) Brief description and cause of incident / event.
(vii) Estimated time to return to service.
(viii) Possibility of alternate arrangement made for restoration of supply
(ix) Any other relevant information

12.3 Reporting Form

The standard reporting form, other than for accidents, shall be as approved from
time to time by the Grid Code Review Committee. The standard reporting form
shall be made available in the website of STU and SLDC. A typical form is attached
(APPENDIX-F).

12.4 Major Incident

Whenever a major incident such as tripping of generating unit or EHV transmission

line, system frequency or voltage outside the statutory limits, system overload,
accidents etc takes place, the User shall inquire and establish the cause of such
failure and report to STU / SLDC / Commission. The STU shall submit the report
with its comments / remarks to State Grid Code Review Committee within one
month for further analysis.
On demand by the Commission a detailed report on any major incidents shall be
submitted to the Commission by the STU / SLDC.

54
 CHAPTER - 13: MONITORING OF GENERATION AND DRAWAL

13.1 Monitoring of Generation

1) For effective operation of the State Transmission System, it is important that

the declared availability by a State Generating Station (SGS) is realistic and
that any departures from the availability are invariably reported to the SLDC.
2) The SLDC shall continuously monitor Generating Unit outputs and Bus
voltages. More stringent monitoring may be performed at any time when there
is reason to believe that a SGS’s declared availability may not match the
actual availability or declared output does not match the actual output.
3) The SLDC will ensure that all thermal units with capacity 200 MW & above
within the State are operated with free governor mode of operation.
4) The SLDC can ask for putting a generating station to demonstrate the
declared availability by instructing the generating station to come up to the
declared availability within time specified by generators.
5) The SLDC shall inform a SGS, in writing, if the continual monitoring
demonstrates an apparent persistent or material mismatch between the
despatch instructions and the Generating Unit output or breach of the
Connection Conditions. Continued discrepancies shall be resolved by the
State Grid Code Review Committee with a view to either improve
performance in future, providing more realistic declarations or initiate
appropriate action for any breach of Connectivity Conditions. Continued
default by the generating stations entails penalty as may be determined by
the Commission.
6) The SGS (excluding CPPs) shall provide to SLDC 15-minute block-wise
generation summation outputs where no automatically transmitted metering
or SCADA/RTU equipment exists.
7) CPPs shall provide to SLDC 15-minute block-wise export / import (MW and
MVAr).
8) The SGS shall provide any other logged readings that SLDC may reasonably
require, for monitoring purposes where SCADA data is not available.

13.2 Monitoring of Drawal

1) The SLDC shall continuously monitor actual MW drawal by Distribution

Licensees and open access customers against their schedules through use of
SCADA equipment wherever available, or otherwise using available metering.

55
 SLDC shall request ERLDC to provide any additional data required to enable
this monitoring to be carried out.
2) The SLDC shall continuously monitor the actual MVAR import / export,
voltage management in the State Transmission System.

13.3 Generating Unit Trippings

1) The SGS shall promptly inform SLDC of the tripping of a Generating Unit, with
reasons, SLDC shall intimate RLDC about the trippings and their revival.
SLDC shall keep a written log of all such trippings, including the reasons with
a view to demonstrating the effect on system performance and identifying the
need for remedial measures.
2) The SGS shall submit a more detailed monthly report of tripping of their
Generating Units to SLDC.

13.4 Data requirement

The SGS shall submit data to SLDC as listed in Appendix-E (E-5).

56
 CHAPTER - 14: SCHEDULING AND DESPATCH

14.1 Demarcation of Responsibilities:

1) The SLDC shall have the total responsibility for;
(i) scheduling / despatching of the state generating stations (SGS)
(including generation of its embedded licensees),
(ii) regulating the demand of its control area,
(iii) scheduling their drawal from the ISGS (within their share in the
respective plant’s expected capability),
(iv) permitting long term access, medium term and short term open
access transaction for embedded generation / consumers, in
accordance with the contracts, and
(v) regulating the net drawal of their control area from the regional grid..

2) The SLDC, STU and Users shall always endeavour to restrict their net drawal
from the grid to within their respective drawal schedules, whenever the
system frequency is below 49.5 Hz. When the frequency falls below 49.0 Hz,
requisite load shedding shall be carried out to curtail the over-drawal.
3) The SLDC, STU and the Distribution Licensees shall regularly carry out the
necessary exercises regarding short-term and long-term demand estimation
for the State, to enable them to plan in advance as to how they would meet
their consumers’ load without overdrawing from the grid.
4) The SGS, other generating stations and sellers shall be responsible for power
generation/power injection according to the daily schedules advised to them
by the SLDC on the basis of the requisitions received from the beneficiaries.
5) While the SGS would normally be expected to generate power according to
the daily schedules advised to them, it would not be mandatory to follow the
schedules tightly. The SGS may deviate from the given schedules depending
on the plant and system conditions. In particular, they would be
allowed/encouraged to generate beyond the given schedule under deficit
conditions.

Provided that when the frequency is higher than 50.2 Hz, the actual net
injection shall not exceed the scheduled dispatch for that time and when the
frequency is above 50.2 Hz, the SGS may (at their discretion) back down
without waiting for an advice from SLDC to restrict the frequency rise. When

57
 the frequency falls below 49.7 Hz, the generation at all SGS (except those on
peaking duty) shall be maximized, at least upto the level which can be
sustained, without waiting for an advice from SLDC.
6) Deviations from the ex-power plant generation schedules shall, however, be
appropriately priced through the UI mechanism as and when intra-State ABT
is introduced by the Commission. Notwithstanding the above, the SLDC may
direct the beneficiaries / SGS to increase/decrease their drawal/generation in
case of contingencies e.g. overloading of lines/transformers, abnormal
voltages, threat to system security. Such directions shall immediately be
acted upon. In case the situation does not call for very urgent action and
SLDC has some time for analysis, it shall be checked whether the situation
has arisen due to deviations from schedules or due to any power flows
pursuant to short-term open access. These shall be got terminated first, in the
above sequence, before an action which would affect the scheduled supplies
from SGS to the long-term customers is initiated.
7) It shall be incumbent upon the SGS to declare the plant capabilities faithfully,
i.e., according to their best assessment. In case, it is suspected that they
have deliberately over/under declared the plant capability contemplating to
deviate from the schedules given on the basis of their capability declarations
(and thus make money either as undue capacity charge or as the charge for
deviations from schedule), the SLDC may ask the SGS to explain the
situation with necessary backup data.
8) The STU shall install special energy meters on all inter-connections between
the State constituents and other identified points for recording of actual net
MWh interchanges and MVArh drawals. All concerned entities (in whose
premises the special energy meters are installed) shall fully co-operate with
the STU/SLDC and extend the necessary assistance by taking weekly meter
readings and transmitting them to the SLDC.
9) The SLDC shall be responsible for computation of actual net injection of each
SGS and actual net drawal of each beneficiary, 15 minute-wise, based on the
above meter readings and for preparation of the State Energy Accounts. All
computations carried out by SLDC shall be open to all constituents for
checking/verifications for a period of 15 days. In case any mistake/omission is
detected, the SLDC shall forthwith make a complete check and rectify the
same.
10) The SLDC shall periodically review the actual deviation from the dispatch and
net drawal schedules being issued, to check whether any of the constituents

58
 are indulging in unfair gaming or collusion. In case any such practice is
detected, the matter shall be reported to the State Grid Code Review
Committee for further investigation/action.

14.2 Scheduling and Despatch Procedure

1) All State generating stations (SGS) and inter-State generating stations
(ISGS), in whose output, more than one beneficiary has an
allocated/contracted share, shall be duly listed by the SLDC. The station
capacities and allocated/contracted shares of different beneficiaries shall also
be listed out.
2) Each State shall be entitled to a MW dispatch upto (foreseen ex-power
plant MW capability for the day) x (State’s share in the station’s capacity) for
all such stations. In case of hydro-electric stations, there would also be a limit
on daily MWh dispatch equal to (MWh generation capacity for the day) x
(State’s share in the station’s capacity).
3) By 9 AM every day, each SGS shall intimate to the SLDC, the station-wise
ex-power plant MW and MWh capabilities foreseen for the next day, i.e., from
0000 hrs to 2400 hrs of the following day, at 15 minutes interval.
4) By 9 AM everyday, the ISGS shall have to intimate the ERLDC, the station
wise ex-power plant MW and MWh capability foreseen for the next day i.e
from 0000 hrs to 2400 hrs of the following day and these foreseen capabilities
of the ISGS and the corresponding MW and MWh entitlement of each state,
shall be compiled by the ERLDC every day for next day, and advises all
beneficiaries by 10 AM.
5) The above information of the foreseen capabilities of the SGS along with
the entitlements of the State in various ISGS given by ERLDC and the
corresponding MW and MWh entitlements of each beneficiary, shall be
compiled by the SLDC every day for the next day, and advised to all
beneficiaries by 11 AM. The beneficiaries shall review it vis-à-vis their
foreseen load pattern and intimate to the SLDC by 1 PM their drawal
schedule for each of the SGS/ISGS in which they have shares, long-term
and/medium term bilateral interchanges, approved short-term bilateral
interchanges.

Provided that a beneficiary’s entitlements for plant-wise drawl/bilateral

exchanges through the inter-State connections can be determined in
lumpsum by the SLDC if it is operationally convenient and feasible to do.

59
6) The beneficiaries may also give standing instructions to the SLDC such that
the SLDC itself may decide the drawal schedules for the beneficiaries
7) After considering the dispatch schedule and net drawal schedule for the
State as intimated by ERLDC, by 6 PM each day, the SLDC shall convey;
(i) The ex-power plant “dispatch schedule” to each of the SGS, in MW for
different hours, for the next day. The summation of the ex-power plant
drawal schedules advised by all beneficiaries shall constitute the ex-
power plant station-wise dispatch schedule for SGS.
(ii) The “net drawal schedule” to each beneficiary, in MW for different hours,
for the next day. The summation of the station wise ex-power plant drawal
schedules for all SGS/ISGS and drawal from State Grid consequent to
bilateral interchanges, after deducting the transmission losses
(estimated), shall constitute the beneficiary-wise drawal schedule.
8) The beneficiaries / SGS may inform any modifications/changes to be made
in station-wise drawal schedule & bilateral interchanges /foreseen
capabilities, if any, to SLDC by 9 PM or preferably earlier.
9) Upon receipt of such information, the SLDC after consulting the concerned
Constituents shall issue the final ‘drawal schedule’ to each beneficiary and
the final ‘dispatch schedule’ to each SGS by 11.00 PM.
10) The Hydro electric generation stations are expected to respond to grid
frequency changes and inflow fluctuation. They would, therefore, be free to
deviate from the given schedule as long as they do not indulge in gaming and
do not cause a grid constraint. As a result, the actual net energy supply by a
hydro generating station over a day may differ from schedule energy (ex-bus)
for that day.
11) The declaration of the generating capability by hydro SGS should include
limitation on generation during specific time periods, if any, on account of
restriction(s) on water use due to irrigation, drinking water, industrial,
environmental considerations etc. the SLDC shall periodically check that the
generating station is declaring the capacity and energy sincerely.
12) Since variation of generation in run-of-river power stations shall lead to
spillage, these shall be treated as must run stations. All renewable energy
power plants expect for biomass power plants with installed capacity of 10
MW and above, and non-fossil fuel based cogeneration plants shall be
treated as ‘MUST RUN’ power plants and shall not be subjected to merit
order dispatch principles.

60
13) Run-of-river power station with pondage and storage type power stations
are designed to operate during peak hours to meet system peak demand.
Maximum capacity of the station declared for the day shall be equal to the
installed capacity including overload capability, if any, minus auxiliary
consumption, corrected for the reservoir level. The SLDC shall ensure that
generation schedule of such type of stations are prepared and the stations
dispatched for optimum utilization of available hydro energy except in the
event of specific system requirements/constraints.
14) The schedule finalized by the SLDC for hydro generating station, shall
normally be such that the scheduled energy for a day equals the total energy
(ex-bus) expected to be available on that day, as declared by the generating
station, based on foreseen/planned water availability/release. It is also
expected that the total net energy actually supplied by the generating station
on that day would equal that declared total energy, in order that the water
release requirement is met.
15) While finalizing the above daily dispatch schedules for the SGS, the SLDC
shall ensure that the same are operationally reasonable, particularly in terms
of ramping-up/ramping-down rates and the ratio between minimum and
maximum generation levels.
16) While finalizing the drawal and dispatch schedules as above, the SLDC
shall also check that the resulting power flows do not give rise to any
transmission constraints. In case any constraints are foreseen, the SLDC
shall moderate the schedules to the required extent, under intimation to the
concerned Constituents. Any changes in the scheduled quantum of power
which are too fast or involve unacceptably large steps may be converted into
suitable ramps by the SLDC.
17) In case of forced outage of a unit, the SLDC shall revise the schedules on
the basis of revised declared capability.
18) In the event of bottleneck in evacuation of power due to any constraint,
outage, failure or limitation in the transmission system, associated switchyard
and sub- stations owned by the State Transmission Utility or any other
transmission licensee involved in intra-state transmission necessitating
reduction in generation, the SLDC shall revise the schedules. The scheduled
generation of the SGS shall be deemed to have been revised to be equal to
actual generation and the scheduled drawals of the beneficiaries shall be
deemed to have been revised to be equal to their actual drawals

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19) In case of any grid disturbance, scheduled generation of all the SGS and
scheduled drawal of all the beneficiaries shall be deemed to have been
revised to be equal to their actual generation/drawal for all the time blocks
affected by the grid disturbance. Certification of grid disturbance and its
duration shall be done by the SLDC.
20) To discourage frivolous revisions, SLDC may, at its sole discretion, refuse
to accept schedule/capability changes of less than two (2) percent of the
previous schedule/capability.
21) After the operating day is over at 2400 hours, the schedule finally
implemented during the day (taking into account all before-the-fact changes in
dispatch schedule of generating stations and drawal schedule of the
beneficiaries) shall be issued by SLDC. These schedules shall be the datum
for commercial accounting.
22) The SLDC shall properly document all above information i.e. station-wise
foreseen ex-power plant capabilities advised by the generating stations, the
drawal schedules advised by beneficiaries, all schedules issued by the SLDC
and all revisions/updating of the above.
23) The procedure for scheduling and the final schedules issued by SLDC shall
be open to all constituents for any checking/verification, for a period of 5 days.
In case any mistake/omission is detected, the SLDC shall forthwith make a
complete check and rectify the same.
24) Special dispensation for scheduling of wind and solar generation
Scheduling of wind and solar power generation plants would have to be done
where the sum of generation capacity of such plants connected at the
connection point to the transmission or distribution system is greater than 10
MW and connection point is 33 KV and above, where PPA has not yet been
signed. For capacity and voltage level below this, it could be mutually decided
between the wind Generator and the transmission or distribution utility, as the
case may be.

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 CHAPTER - 15: METERING

15.1 Applicability

These Metering regulations shall be applicable to meters installed and to be

installed by:
1) STU/Transmission Licensees,
2) Generating Stations connected to State Transmission System,
3) Distribution Licensees connected to State Transmission System,
4) EHV Consumers of Distribution Licensee(s) directly connected to State
Transmission System,
5) Open Access Users availing Open Access on State Transmission system, and
6) Captive Generators connected to State Transmission System

15.2 Type of meters

1) All interface meters, User meters, energy accounting and audit meters shall be
of static type.
2) The meters not complying with these regulations shall be replaced by the STU
or licensee on his own or on request of the User.

15.3 Standards:

All interface meters, energy accounting meters and energy audit meters shall -

(a) comply with the relevant standards of Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS). If BIS
Standards are not available for a particular equipment or material, the
relevant British Standards (BS), International Electro-technical Commission
(IEC) Standards, or any other equivalent Standard shall be followed:

Provided that whenever an international Standard or IEC Standard is

followed, necessary corrections or modifications shall be made for nominal
system frequency, nominal system voltage and other conditions prevailing in
India / State of Sikkim before actual adoption of the said Standard;

(b) conform to the standards on ‘Installation and Operation of Meters’ as specified

in Central Electricity Authority (Installation and Operation of Meters)
Regulations, 2006 and as amended from time to time.

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15.4 Ownership of meters

1) Interface meters
a) All interface meters installed at the points of
interconnection with Inter-State Transmission System (ISTS) for the
purpose of electricity accounting and billing shall be owned by CTU.
b) All interface meters installed at the points of
interconnection with State Transmission System excluding the system
covered under sub-clause (a) above for the purpose of electricity
accounting and billing shall be owned by STU.
c) All interface meters installed at the points of inter
connection between the two licensees excluding those covered under sub-
clauses (a) and (b) above for the purpose of electricity accounting and
billing shall be owned by respective licensee of each end.
d) All interface meters installed at the points of inter
connection for the purpose of electricity accounting and billing not covered
under sub-clauses (a), (b) and (c) above shall be owned by supplier of
electricity.

2) Energy accounting and audit meters

Energy accounting and audit meters shall be owned by the generating company or
STU, as the case may be.

15.5 Location of meters

1) The location of interface meters, energy accounting and audit meters shall be
as per the Table given below:
Table
Sl. Stages Main meter Check Standby meter
No meter
A. Generating On all outgoing feeders. On all i) High
Station outgoing Voltage (HV) side
feeders. of Generator
Transformers
ii) High
Voltage (HV) side
of all Station
Auxiliary
Transformers
(Explanation: The location of main, check and standby meters installed at the existing
generating stations shall not be changed unless permitted by the concerned Authority)

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 B. Transmission At one end of the line - There shall be no
and between the sub-stations of separate standby
Distribution the same licensee, and at meter. Meter installed
System both ends of the line between at other end of the
sub-stations of two different line in case of two
licensees. Meters at both different licensees
ends shall be considered as shall work as standby
main meters for respective meter.
licensees.
C. Inter- High Voltage (HV) side of - Low Voltage (LV)
Connecting ICT. side of ICT.
Transformer
(ICT)

2) The generating companies or licensees may install meters at additional

locations in their systems depending upon the requirement.

3) Interface Meters
i) Users who have interconnection with the Inter-State Transmission System
or State Transmission System and have been permitted open access by the
Commission shall be provided with interface meters.
ii) Users connected to distribution system and have been permitted open
access by the Commission shall be provided with interface meters if they
have to be covered under ABT.

4) Energy Accounting and Audit Meters

Energy accounting and audit meters shall be installed at such locations so as to
facilitate accounting for the energy generated, transmitted, distributed in the
various segments of the power system and the energy loss. The location of
these meters shall be as under:

i) Generating Stations
8) at the stator terminal of the
generator;
9) on HV and LV sides of the station
and the unit auxiliary transformers;
10) on feeders to various auxiliaries.

ii) Transmission System

All incoming and out going feeders (If the interface meters do not exist).

iii) Distribution System

1) all incoming feeders (11 kV and above);

65
2) all outgoing feeders (11 kV and above);

66
15.5 Accuracy Class of meters

Every meter shall meet the requirement of accuracy class as specified in the
standards given in the Central Electricity Authority “Installation and Operation of
Meters” Regulations, 2006.

15.6 Installation of meters

1) Generating company or STU, as the case may be, shall
examine, test and regulate all meters before installation and only correct
meters shall be installed.
2) The meter shall be installed at locations, which are easily
accessible for installation, testing, commissioning, reading, recording and
maintenance.
3) In case Current Transformers (CTs) and Voltage
Transformers (VTs) form part of the meters, the meter shall be installed as
near the instrument transformers as possible to reduce the potential drop in
the secondary leads.

15.7 Operation, Testing and Maintenance of meters

The operation, testing and maintenance of the meters shall be carried out by the
generating company or the licensee, as the case may be.

15.8 Access to meter

The owner of the premises where, the meter is installed shall provide access to the
authorized representative(s) of the Licensee for installation, testing, commissioning,
reading and recording and maintenance of meters.

15.9 Sealing of meters

1) Sealing Arrangements
a) All meters shall be sealed by the manufacturer at its works. In addition to
the seal provided by the manufacturer at its works, the sealing of all meters
shall be done as follows at various sealing points
(i) Sealing of interface meters, shall also be done by both the supplier
and the buyer.
(ii) Sealing of User meters shall be done by the licensee.
(iii) Sealing of energy accounting and audit meters shall be done by the
licensee or generating company as the case may be.

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 b) Seal shall be unique for each utility and name or logo of the utility shall
be clearly visible on the seals.
c) Only the patented seals (seal from the manufacturer who has official
right to manufacture the seal) shall be used.
d) Polycarbonate or acrylic seals or plastic seals or holographic seals or
any other superior seal shall be used.
e) Lead seals shall not be used in the new meters. Old lead seals shall be
replaced by new seals in a phased manner and the time frame of the same
shall be submitted by the licensee to the Commission for approval.

2) Removal of seals from meters

a) Interface meters
Whenever seals of the interface meters have to be removed for any reason,
advance notice shall be given to other party for witnessing the removal of
seals and resealing of the interface meter. The breaking and re-sealing of
the meters shall be recorded by the party, who carries out the work, in the
meter register, mentioning the date of removal and resealing, serial
numbers of the broken and new seals and the reason for removal of seals.

b) Energy accounting and audit meters

Seal of the energy accounting and audit meter shall be removed only by the
generating company or the STU who owns the meter

15.10 Safety of meters

1) The user in whose premises the interface meters are installed
shall be responsible for their safety.
2) The User shall, as far as circumstances permit, take precautions
for the safety of the meter installed in his premises belonging to the licensees.

15.11 Meter reading and recording

1) Interface meters
It shall be the responsibility of the Transmission Utility or Distribution licensee to
take down the meter reading and record the metered data, maintain database
of all the information associated with the interface meters and verify the
correctness of metered data and furnish the same to various agencies.

2) Energy accounting and audit meters

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 It shall be the responsibility of the generating company or licensee to record the
metered data, maintain database of all the information associated with the
energy accounting and audit meters and verify the correctness of metered data.
Each generating company or licensee shall prepare quarterly, half-yearly and
yearly energy account for its system for taking appropriate action for efficient
operation and system development.

15.12 Meter failure or discrepancies

1) Interface meters
a) Whenever the difference between the readings of the Main meter and the
Check meter for any month is more than 0.5%, the following steps shall
be taken:
i) Checking of CT and VT connections;
ii) Testing of accuracy of interface meter at site with reference
standard meter of accuracy class higher than the meter under test.
If the difference exists even after such checking or testing, then the
defective meter shall be replaced with a correct meter.
b) In case of conspicuous failures like burning of meter and erratic display of
metered parameters and when the error found in testing of meter is
beyond the permissible limit of error provided in the relevant standard, the
meter shall be immediately replaced with a correct meter.
c) In case where both the Main meter and Check meter fail, at least one of
the meters shall be immediately replaced by a correct meter.
d) Billing for the failure period:
i) The SLDC / STU shall develop a procedure for assessment of
consumption of defective meter during the failure period of the meter
and submit the same to the Commission for its approval. The billing
for the failure period of the meter shall be done as per the approved
procedure.
ii) Readings recorded by Main, Check and Standby meters for
every time slot shall be analyzed, crosschecked and validated by the
SLDC. The discrepancies, if any, noticed in the readings shall be
informed by SLDC in writing to the energy accounting agency for
proper accounting of energy. SLDC shall also intimate the
discrepancies to the State Transmission Utility or the User, who shall
take further necessary action regarding testing, calibration or

69
 replacement of the faulty meters in accordance with the provisions laid
down.
e) The defective meter shall be immediately tested and calibrated.

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 2) Energy accounting and audit meters
Energy accounting and audit meters shall be rectified or replaced by the
generating company or licensee immediately after notice of any of the
following abnormalities:
a) the errors in the meter readings are beyond the limits prescribed for the
specified Accuracy Class;
b) meter readings are not in accordance with the normal pattern of the load
demand;
c) meter tampering, or erratic display or damage.

15.13 Anti-tampering features of meters

The meters shall be provided with such anti-tampering features as per the
Standards on Installation and Operation of Meters given in the Schedule annexed
to Central Electricity Authority (Installation and Operation of Meters) Regulations,
2006

15.14 Quality assurance of meters

1) The licensee shall set up appropriate number of accredited meter
testing units or utilize the services of other accredited testing laboratories. The
licensee shall take immediate action to get the accreditations of their existing
meter testing units from NABL, if not already done.
2) The generating company or licensee shall ensure that all type,
routine and acceptance tests are carried out by the manufacturer complying
with the requirement of the relevant BIS or BS or IEC as the case may be.

15.15 Calibration and periodical testing of meters

1) Interface meter
a) At the time of commissioning, each interface meter shall be tested by
the licensee at site for accuracy using standard reference meter of better
accuracy class than the meter under test.
b) All interface meters shall be tested at least once in five years. These meters
shall also be tested whenever the energy and other quantities recorded by
the meter are abnormal or inconsistent with electrically adjacent meters.
Whenever there is unreasonable difference between the quantity recorded
by interface meter and the corresponding value monitored at the billing
center via communication network, the communication system and terminal
equipment shall be tested and rectified. The meters may be tested using

71
 NABL accredited mobile laboratory or at any accredited laboratory and
recalibrated if required at manufacturer’s works.
c) Testing and calibration of interface meters may be carried out in the
presence of the representatives of the licensee and beneficiary by giving
due notice of testing in advance.

2) Energy accounting and audit meters

Energy accounting and audit meters shall be tested at site at least once in five
years or whenever the accuracy is doubtful or whenever the readings are
inconsistent with the readings of other meters, e.g., check meters, standby
meters. The testing must be carried out without removing the CTs and VTs
connection. Testing may be carried out through NABL accredited mobile
laboratory using secondary injection kit, measuring unit and phantom loading or
at any accredited test laboratory and recalibrated if required at manufacturer’s
works.

15.16 Standards on Installation and Operation of Meters

Part I: Standards Common To All Type of Meters

(1) These standards provide for specification of meters, immunity to external

factors, sealing points and functional requirements that are required from
regulatory perspective. Detailed technical specification shall be prepared by
the purchaser of the meter.

(2) Specifications of meters

Standard Reference As per IS

Voltage
Voltage Range As per IS
Standard Frequency As per IS
Standard Basic Current As per IS

(Current range of consumer meters shall be so

chosen as to record the load current
corresponding to the sanctioned load)

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 Accuracy Class Meters shall meet the following requirements of
Accuracy Class:
Interface meters 0.2S
Consumer meters
Up to 650 volts 1.0 or better
Above 650 volts and up to 33 0.5S or better
kilo volts
Above 33 kilo volts 0.2S
Energy accounting and audit meters

The accuracy class of meters in generation

and transmission system shall not be inferior to
that of 0.2S Accuracy Class. The accuracy
class of meters in distribution system shall not
be inferior to that of 0.5S Accuracy Class
Starting Current and As per IS
Maximum Current
Power Factor Range As per IS
Power Frequency As per IS
Withstand Voltage
Impulse Voltage Withstand As per IS
Test for 1.2/50 micro sec
Power Consumption As per IS

(3) Meter shall have downloading facilities of metered data through Meter
Reading Instrument (MRI).

(4) Immunity to External Factors

The meter shall be immune to external influences like magnetic induction,

vibration, electrostatic discharge, switching transients, surge voltages, oblique
suspension and harmonics and necessary tests shall be carried out in
accordance with relevant standard.

(5) Sealing Points

Sealing shall be done at the following points (as applicable):

(a) Meter body or cover

(b) Meter terminal cover

(c) Meter test terminal block

(d) Meter cabinet

(6) The accuracy class of Current transformers (CTs) and Voltage transformers
(VTs) shall not be inferior to that of associated meters. The existing CTs and
VTs not complying with these regulations shall be replaced by new CTs and

73
 VTs, if found defective, non-functional or as per the directions of the
Appropriate Commission. In case the CTs and VTs of the same Accuracy
Class as that of meters can not be accommodated in the metering cubicle or
panel due to space constraints, the CTs and VTs of the next lower Accuracy
Class can be installed.

(7) The Voltage Transformers shall be electromagnetic VT or Capacitive

Voltage Transformer (CVT).

Part II: Standards for interface meters

(1) Functional Requirements:

(a) The Interface meters suitable for ABT shall be static type, composite meters
as self –contained devices for measurement of active and reactive energy,
and certain other parameters as described in the following paragraphs. The
meters shall be suitable for being connected directly to voltage transformers
(VTs) having a rated secondary line-to-line voltage of 110 V, and to current
transformers (CTs) having a rated secondary current of IA (Model-A :3
element 4 wire or Model C: 2 element , 3 wire) or 5A (model-B: 3 element ,
4 wire or Model D: 2 element 3 wire). The reference frequency shall be
50Hz.

(b) The meters shall have a non-volatile memory in which the following shall be
automatically stored:
i) Average frequency for each successive 15-minute block, as a two digit
code (00 to 99 for frequency from 49.0 to 51.0Hz).
ii) Net Wh transmittal during each successive 15-minute block, upto
second decimal, with plus/minus sign.
iii) Cumulative Wh transmittal at each midnight, in six digits including one
decimal.
iv) Cumulative VArh transmittal for voltage high condition, at each
midnight, in six digits including one decimal.
v) Cumulative VArh transmittal for voltage low condition, at each
midnight, in six digits including one decimal.
vi) Date and time blocks of failure of VT supply on any phase, as a star(*)
mark.

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(c) The meters shall store all the above listed data in their memories for a
period of at least ten days. The data older than ten days shall get erased
automatically. Each meter shall have an optical port on its front for tapping
all data stored in its memory using a hand held data collection device. The
meter shall be suitable for transmitting the data to remote location using
appropriate communication medium.

(d) The active energy (Wh) measurement shall be carried out on 3-phase, 4-
wire principle, with an accuracy as per class 0.2 S of IEC-687/IEC-62053-
22. In model-A and C, the energy shall be computed directly in CT and VT
secondary quantities, and indicated in watt-hours. In model-B and Model D ,
the energy display and recording shall be one fifth of the Wh computed in
CT and VT secondary quantities.

(e) The Var and reactive energy measurement shall also be on 3-phase, 4-wire
principle, with an accuracy as per class 2 of IEC-62053-23 or better. In
model-A or Model C, the Var and VArh computation shall be directly in CT
and VT secondary quantities. In model-B or Model D, the above quantities
shall be displayed and recorded as one-fifth of those computed in CT and
VT secondary quantities. There shall be two reactive energy registers, one
for the period when average RMS voltage is above 103% and the other for
the period the voltage is below 97%.

(f) The 15-minute Wh shall have a +ve sign when there is a net Wh export
from substation busbars, and a –ve sign when there is a net Wh import. The
integrating (cumulative) registers for Wh and Varh shall move forward when
there is Wh/Varh export from substation busbars, and backward when there
is an import.

(g) The meters shall also display (on demand), by turn, the following
parameters :

(i) Unique identification number of the meter

(ii) Date
(iii) Time
(iv) Cumulative Wh register reading
(v) Average frequency of the previous 15-minute block
(vi) Net Wh transmittal in the previous 15-minute block, with +/-sign

75
 (vii) Average percentage voltage
(viii) Reactive power with +/- sign
(ix) Voltage-high VArh register reading
(x) Voltage-low VArh register reading.

(h) The three line-to-neutral voltages shall be continuously monitored, and in

case any of these falls below 70%, the condition shall be suitably indicated
and recorded. The meters shall operate with the power drawn from the VT
secondary circuits, without the need for any auxiliary power supply. Each
meter shall have a built-in calendar and clock, having an accuracy of 30
seconds per month or better.

(i) The meters shall be totally sealed and tamper-proof, with no possibility of
any adjustment at site, except for a restricted clock correction. The
harmonics shall be filtered out while measuring Wh, Var and VArh, and only
fundamental frequency quantities shall be measured/computed.

(j) The Main meter and the Check meter shall be connected to same core of
CTs and VTs.

Part III: Standards for energy accounting and audit meters

1. The energy accounting and audit meters shall be suitable for

measurement, recording and display of cumulative active energy with date
and time.

2. The energy accounting and audit meters may also have the facility to
measure, record and display one or more of the following parameters
depending upon the energy accounting and audit requirement. All parameters
excluding instantaneous electrical parameters shall also be stored in memory.

(a) Apparent power

(b) Phase wise kilowatt at peak KVA

(c) Phase wise KVA(reactive) at peak KVA

(d) Phase wise voltage at peak KVA

(e) Power down time

(f) Average power factor

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 (g) Line currents

(h) Phase voltages

(i) Date and time

(j) Tamper events

3. The energy accounting and audit meter shall have data storage capacity
for at least 35 days in a non-volatile memory.

4. Energy accounting and audit meters shall have facility to download the
parameters through meter reading instruments as well as remote
transmission of data over communication network.

15.17 Data requirements

State Generating Station (SGS) and State Transmission Utility (STU) shall provide
data to each other and SLDC as specified in Appendix-G.

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 CHAPTER - 16: INTER-USER BOUNDARY SAFETY

16.1 Objective

The objective of this chapter is to achieve an agreement and consistency on the

principles of safety when working across the inter-user boundary (cross boundary)
between one User and another User.

16.2 Designated Persons

The STU and all Users shall nominate and notify authorized persons to be
responsible for the co-ordination of safety across their boundary. These persons
shall be referred to as Designated Persons.

16.3 Procedure to work on Inter User Boundary Circuits

1) The STU shall issue a list of Designated Persons names, designations and
telephone numbers to all Users who have a direct inter-user boundary with him.
This list shall be updated promptly, whenever there is a change of name,
designation or telephone number of any designated persons named in the list.
2) All Users with a direct inter-user boundary with STU shall issue a similar list of
their Designated Persons to STU. This list shall be updated promptly whenever
there is any change of name etc in the list.
3) Whenever any work across an inter-user boundary is to be carried out by the
User or the STU, the Designated Persons of the User or STU as the case may
be, wishing for Line Clear Permit (Permit to Work (PTW)) shall personally
contact the other relevant Designated Person. If the Permit to Work cannot be
obtained personally, the Designated Persons shall contact through telephone
and exchange code word or secrete code to ensure correct identification of
both agencies.
4) If the work extends one shift, the Designated Person shall ensure that the
Relieving Designated Person is fully briefed on the nature of the work and the
code words in operation.
5) The Designated Person (s) shall co-operate to establish and maintain the
precautions necessary for the required work to be carried out in a safe manner.
Both the established isolation and the established earth shall be kept in locked
position with “Men Working” tag, where such facilities exist, and shall be clearly
identified.
6) Work shall not commence until the Designated Person incharge of the work of
the User is satisfied that all the safety precautions have been established. This

78
 Designated Person shall issue approved safety documentation and work permit
(PTW) to the working party to allow work to commence.

The Permit to Work in respect of EHV lines and other interconnections shall be
issued with the consent of SLDC.

7) When work is completed and safety precautions are no longer required, the
Designated Person who has been responsible for the work being carried out
shall make direct contact with the other Designated Person to return the Permit
to Work and removal of those safety precautions.
Return of Permit to Work in respect of specified EHV lines and interconnections
shall be informed to SLDC.

8) The equipment shall only be considered as suitable for connecting back to

service when all safety measures are confirmed as removed, by direct
communication using code word contact between the two Designated Persons,
and after ensuring that the return of Permit to Work from the working party has
taken place.
9) STU shall develop an agreed written procedure for Inter-User Boundary safety
and continuously update it.
10) Any dispute concerning inter-user boundary safety shall be resolved at the level
of STU, if STU is not a party. In case STU is a party, the dispute shall be
referred to the Grid Code Review Committee for resolving the dispute.

16.4 Special consideration

1) For inter-user boundary between STU and other User’s circuits, all Users shall
comply with the approved safety rules, which must be in accordance with IE
Rules.

2) Each Designated Person shall maintain a legibly written safety log, in

chronological order, of all operations and messages relating to safety co-
ordination sent and received by him. All safety logs shall be retained for a
period of not less than 10 years.

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 CHAPTER - 17: SAFETY AND LINE CLEAR PERMITS

17.1 Safety Standards:

1) The STU shall prepare their own "Safety Manual" for the maintenance of
Transmission Lines, and Substations and got vetted by an accredited
agency. Copies of this safety manual shall be provided at all the sub-
stations, concerned departments of STU and Users. For the guidance of the
Shift Operators, "Operation and Maintenance Manuals" for each Sub-station
shall be prepared by the STU and Users containing all the maintenance and
operation schedules based on the recommendations of the manufacturers
of the various equipments installed in the Substation. These manuals shall
be periodically reviewed based on the experience gained and replacement
of equipments. A maintenance register for all the equipments including the
station batteries shall be maintained at the respective Substations. These
shall be updated as and when the maintenance work is carried out and shall
be periodically reviewed by the Commission. Similar registers shall be
maintained for the Transmission and Sub-Transmission Lines.
2) The ‘Operation and Maintenance Manual’ shall clearly specify the details of
isolation and earthing to be provided for allowing work on the equipments.
The ‘Single Line Diagram’ of the Substation indicating the positions of
various isolating devices shall be prominently displayed in the station.
Charts showing the clearances from live parts (section clearance) for
working on the isolated equipments where workmen are allowed to work
shall be displayed prominently at each Substation.
3) The STU and Users shall affix the "Danger" boards (of a design as per
relevant ISS No. 2551) prominently displayed at a conspicuous place at all
the locations as required in the IE Rules.
4) All the equipment including the system batteries in the receiving stations
and Substations shall be maintained in good condition as per the
manufacturers' manuals and also as per relevant Indian and / or
International standards. The DC system (Batteries etc) provided in all these
stations shall be properly maintained with no appreciable leakage current.
On-line monitoring system for monitoring of leakage and detection of
ground faults shall be adopted.

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17.2 Line Clear Permit (LCP):

Approved formats shall be used while issuing and returning line clear permit.

Model Formats for Requisition of line clear permit, Issue for line clear Permit and
Line clear Return permit are appended.

The Format - I designated as "Requisition for Line Clear Permit" shall be used by
the requesting Safety Coordinator who is an authorized person. The Format - 2
designated as "Line Clear Permit" shall be used at the time of issue of Line Clear
Permit.

The Format -3 designated as "Line Clear Return" shall be used for the Permit
return of the Line Clear Permit after the work is completed for which the Line Clear
Permit is taken.

By Order of the Commission

Sd/
(K. L. Gyaltshen)
Secretary

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 FORMAT – 1

Serial No. ……….

REQUISITION FOR LINE CLEAR PERMIT

Date …………………………… Time …………………

I Sri/Srimati ---------------------- request Line Clear Permit on the following EHT / HT
Line/Equipment.
EHT / HT Apparatus/Line Identification:

Details of works to be carried out:

Estimated time required for completion:

Name and Signature ……………………………….

…………………………………………………………
(Person Requesting Line Clear Permit)
Designation…………………………
Date…………………………………………

(FOR USE IN SUBSTATION FROM WHERE LINE CLEAR PERMIT WILL BE ISSUED)
(a) Line Clear Permit issued : Yes/No
(b) Number and Date of Issue:
(c) Time of Issue:
(d) Date & Time of Return:
(e) Remarks: See Check List LCP – Format-2

RECEIPT OF Line clear Per No,……………………………… Date……………..

I have received confirmation from ……………………………..(Name of Issuing Safety
Coordinator) at …………………………….(location) that the safety precautions have been
established and the instructions will not be issued at his location for their removal until his
LCP is cancelled.
Name and Signature……………………………………
(Person Requesting Line Clear Permit)

82
 FORMAT – 2

Serial No. ……..

LINE CLEAR PERMIT
LCP Number…………………………….
Dated………………………………………Time..................
CHECK LIST OF THE LINE CLEAR PERMIT:
(a) Name of location for which line clear is issued.
(b) Reference and Authority requisitioning line clear: (Indicate serial number of LCP
requisition).
(c) Identity of HV Apparatus.
(d) Sources from which the Line/Equipment is charged.
(e) No./name of Circuit Breaker/Isolating Switch open at each of above sources.
(f) Whether confirmed that the Line is disconnected at both ends.
(g) Whether line is Earthed at both ends.
(h) Whether the Circuit Breaker truck removed in case of indoor switchgear controlling the
Feeder/Equipment for which line clear is given.
(i) Whether Isolating Switches controlling the feeder/equipment for which line clear is
given are locked and kept in safe custody.
(j) Time of issue of Line Clear Permit and LCP No.
(k) Name of requesting Safety Coordinator on whom LCP is issued.
(l) Approximate Time for returning LCP as ascertained from the Requesting Coordinator.

Name and Signature…………………………………………………………..

Designation…………………………………………………………………….

LINE CLEAR PERMIT

LCP No…………………….
I Sri/Srimati ------------- (Issuing Safety Coordinator) do hereby issue permission to
Sri/Srimati-------------- (Requesting Safety Coordinator) for carrying out works as per
requisition No………………..date………………..Time ........
The EHT/ HT Line/equipment herein described is declared safe.
The permission is subject to the conditions given on backside of this Permit.
Name and Signature……………………………………..
(Person issuing Line Clear Permit)
Designation……………………………………………….
(To be printed on the reverse of LCP:Format-2)

83
CONDITIONS:
(a) This permit is valid only for working on the Feeder/Equipment mentioned herein and
not in any other Feeder/Equipment.
(b) Only authorized persons are allowed to work on Feeder / Equipment for which the
permit has been issued.
(c) Works as per requisition only should be carried out.
(d) Before touching any part of the Feeder / Equipment it should be ensured that earthing
at two points on either side through standard discharge rods connected with good
Earths. Temporary Earths may be removed after completion of all works and after all
the men have come down from the Feeder/Equipment.
(e) Work should be so planned that the Line Clear is returned before or at the time
indicated. If unavoidable delay is anticipated advance information should be given to
the location from where the Line Clear is issued.
(f) Before return of the Line Clear, it should be ensured that all the men, materials,
tools/tackles etc. on line have returned and reported that all temporary earths are
removed. There should also be a check on the material, Tools and Plant issued for the
work to ensure that nothing is left behind on the Line or Equipment.
(g) Only authorized persons should return Line Clear.
(h) In case the Line Clear cannot be returned in person, the same may be returned to the
Line Clear Issuing Authority over Telephone by naming the Code Words assigned and
the telephone number which is used for naming the Code Words assigned. In case two
or more different Code Words are issued to the two or more persons in whose favour
the permit is given, those persons must jointly return the Line Clear by naming their
own Code Words. The Line Clear Return will not be accepted unless returned by all
these persons.
(i) The Line Clear issuing authority should go through the checklist of Line Clear Return
before accepting it.
(j) If Line Clear is returned over telephone, the Line Clear Return Form duly filled and
signed should be sent to the Line Clear Issuing Authority by post immediately for
record.
(k) Control persons should keep all the required data of LCP issued & LCR received. He
should monitor and keep specific note in log sheet when more than one LCP are
issued on same line/ equipment / bay along with code words.

84
 FORMAT – 3
Serial No. ……….
LINE CLEAR PERMIT RETURN
LCP Number………………………………….
Date ……………………………………………….Time..............
I Sri/Srimati --------------- hereby return the LCP no -----at------- issued for the following
HT/EHT Line/Apparatus.
I declare that all the crew who were sent on work have been withdrawn, temporary earth(s)
removed, all repair tools and materials checked and the Feeders/Equipments mentioned
below are safe to be energised.
(a) EHT / HT Apparatus/Line Identification:
(b) Details of work done

CHECK LIST TO BE TICKED OFF:

(a) Whether all men withdrawn: Yes
(b) Whether all temporary Earthing removed: Yes
(c) Whether all materials, Tools and Plant used in the work have been checked: Yes
(d) Code Number (If used when Line Clear is returned over phone) -----------------
Name and Signature………………………………………….
(Person Returning Line Clear Permit)
Designation……………………………………………………

85
 CHAPTER - 18: DATA REGISTRATION

18.1 Responsibility
1) All Users are responsible for submitting the required up-to-date data to STU/
SLDC in accordance with the provisions of the State Grid Code.
2) All Users shall provide STU and SLDC, the names, addresses and telephone
numbers of the persons responsible for sending the data.
3) Responsibility for the correctness of the data rests with the concerned User
providing the data.
4) The STU shall inform all Users and SLDC, the names, addresses, and
telephone numbers of the persons responsible for receiving data.
5) The STU shall provide up-to-date data to Users as provided in the relevant
Chapters of this State Grid Code.

18.2 Data to be registered

The data required to be registered/exchanged has been listed in the Appendices
under various categories. The data so far applicable to the particular User need
only to be registered and exchanged with STU or SLDC.

18.3 Changes in User’s data

Whenever any User becomes aware of a change to any items of data that is
registered with STU, the User must promptly notify the STU of the changes. STU
on receipt of intimation of the changes shall promptly correct the database
accordingly. This shall also apply to any data compiled by STU regarding its own
system.

18.4 Method of submitting data

1) The data shall be furnished in the standard formats for data submission and
such formats must be used for the written submission of data to SLDC and
STU. Where standard formats are not enclosed they would be developed by
SLDC or STU in consultation with Users.
2) All data to be submitted under the Schedule(s) must be submitted to SLDC /
STU or to such other department and/or entity as STU may from time to time
notify to Users. The name of the person who is submitting each schedule of
data shall be indicated.
3) Where a computer data link exists between a User and SLDC/ STU, data may
be submitted via this link. The data shall be in the same format as specified
for paper transmission. The User shall specify the method to be used in

86
 consultation with the SLDC/ STU and resolve issues such as protocols,
transmission speeds etc. at the time of transmission.

18.5 Data not supplied

All Users are obliged to supply data as referred to in the individual Chapters of this
State Grid Code and listed out in this Data Registration Chapter Appendices. In
case any data is not supplied by any User or is not available, STU or SLDC may,
acting reasonably, if and when necessary, estimate such data depending upon the
urgency of the situation. Similarly, in case any data is not supplied by STU, the
concerned User may, acting reasonably, if and when necessary, estimate such
data depending upon urgency of the situation. Such estimates will in each case, be
based upon corresponding data for similar Plant or Apparatus or upon such other
information, the User or STU or SLDC, as the case may be, deems appropriate.

18.6 Special considerations

The SLDC and any other User may at any time make reasonable request to STU
for extra data as necessary. STU shall supply data, required/requested.

87
 CHAPTER - 19: MISCELLANEOUS

19.1 Dispute redressal:

Any dispute regarding interpretation of any provision of the State Grid Code, shall
be addressed to Secretary to the Commission. The decision of the Commission
shall be taken as final and binding on all concerned.

19.2 Power to remove difficulties:

If any difficulty arises in giving effect to any of the provisions of the State Gird
Code, the Commission may, by general or specific order, make such provisions not
inconsistent with the provisions of the Act, as may appear to be necessary for
removing the difficulty.

19.3 Power to relaxation

The Commission may by general or special order, for reasons to be recorded in

writing and after giving an opportunity of hearing to the parties likely to be effected
by grant of relaxation, may relax any of the provisions of the State Grid Code on its
own motion or on an application made before it by an interested person.

19.4 Power to amend

The Commission may, at any time, vary, alter, modify or amend any provision of
State Grid Code.

19.5 General
Nothing in these regulations shall bar the Commission to deal with any matter or
exercise any power under the Act, for which no regulations have been framed, and
the Commission may deal such matters, powers and functions in a matter it thinks
fit.

By Order of the Commission

Sd/-
(K. L. Gyaltshen)
Secretary
Sikkim State Electricity Regulatory Commission

88
 APPENDIX A : STANDARD PLANNING DATA
(Reference to: Chapter 4 para 4.3 (9), para 4.6 (a,b,c) and Chapter 5, para 5.1 (4 [d]),
para 5.11

A-1 STANDARD PLANNING DATA (GENERATION)

A.1.1 THERMAL POWER STATIONS (COAL / GAS/FUEL LINKED)

For State Generating Stations (SGS)
(1) GENERAL
Furnish location map to scale showing roads, railway
i Site lines, Transmission lines, canals, pondage and
reservoirs if any.
Coal linkage/ Fuel (Like Give information on means of coal transport /
ii Liquefied Natural Gas, Naphtha carriage. In case of other fuels, give details of source
etc.) linkage of fuel and their transport.
Give information on availability of water for operation
iii Water Sources
of the Power Station.
iv Environmental State whether forest or other land areas are affected.
Showing area required for Power Station coal linkage,
v Site Map (To Scale) coal yard, water pipe lines, ash disposal area, colony
etc.
Approximate period of
vi
construction

(2) CONNECTION

Furnish single line diagram of the proposed Connection

i Point of Connection
with the system.
Step up voltage for Connection
ii
(kV)

(3) STATION CAPACITY

Total Generating Station State whether development will be carried out in

i
capacity (MW) phases and if so, furnish details.
ii No. of units & unit size (MW)

89
(4) GENERATING UNIT DATA
i Steam Generating Unit State type, capacity, steam pressure, stream temperature etc.
ii Steam turbine State type, capacity.
Type
Rating (MW)
Speed (RPM)
Terminal voltage (KV)
Rated Power Factor
Reactive Power Capability
(MVAr) in the range 0.95 of leading and 0.85 lagging
iii Generator Short Circuit Ratio
Direct axis (saturated) transient reactance (% on MVA rating)
Direct axis (saturated) sub-transient reactance ( % on MVA
rating)
Auxiliary Power Requirement
MW and MVAr Capability curve
Ramp-up and ramp-down rate
Generator Characteristic curve
Make
Phases
Type
iv Generator Transformer Rated capacity (MVA)
Voltage Ratio (HV/LV)
Tap change Range (+ % to - %)
Percentage Impedance (Positive Sequence at Full load)

A.1.2 HYDRO POWER STATIONS (For SGS)

(1) GENERAL
Give location map to scale showing roads, railway
i Site
lines, and transmission lines.
Showing proposed canal, reservoir area, water
ii Site map (To scale)
conductor system, fore-bay, power house etc.
Give information on area submerged, villages
iii Submerged Area submerged, submerged forest land, agricultural land
etc
Whether storage type or run of
iv
river type
Whether catchment receiving
v discharges from other reservoir
or power plant.
vi Full reservoir level
vii Minimum draw down level.
viii Tail race level
ix Design Head
Reservoir level v/s energy
x
potential curve
Restraint, if any, in water
xi
discharges
Approximate period of
xii
construction.
(2) CONNECTION

90
 Give single line diagram proposed Connection with
i Point of Connection
the Transmission System.
ii Step up voltage for Connection (KV)

(3) STATION CAPACITY

Total Power Station capacity State whether development is carried out in phases and if
i
(MW) so furnish details.
ii No. of units & unit size (MW)
(4) GENERATING UNIT DATA

a. Maximum
Operating Head
i b. Minimum
(in Metres)
c. Average
Capability to operate as synchronous condenser.
Water head versus discharges curve (at full and part load)
Hydro Unit
Power requirement or water discharge while operating as
synchronous condenser
i Turbine State Type and capacity
Type
Rating (MVA)
Speed (RPM)
Terminal voltage (KV)
Rated Power Factor
Reactive Power Capability (MVAr) in the range 0.95 of leading and
iii Generator
0.85 of lagging
MW & MVAr capability curve of generating unit
Short Circuit Ratio
Direct axis transient (saturated) reactance (% on rated MVA)
Direct axis sub-transient (saturated) reactance (% on rated MVA)
Auxiliary Power Requirement (MW)
a. Type
b. Make
c. Phases
d. Rated Capacity (MVA)
Generator-
iv e. Voltage Ratio HV/LV
Transformer
f. Tap change Range (+%
to -%)
g. Percentage Impedance
(Positive Sequence at Full Load).

91
A.2 STANDARD PLANNING DATA (TRANSMISSION)

For STU and Transmission Licensees

STU shall make arrangements for getting the required data from different Departments of
STU/other transmission licensees (if any) to update its Standard Planning Data in the
format given below:

i. Name of line (Indicating Power Stations and substations connected).

ii. Voltage of line (KV).
iii. No. of circuits.
iv. Route length (Km).
v. Conductor sizes.
vi. Line parameters (PU values).
(a) Resistance/Km
(b) Inductance/Km
(c) Susceptance / Km
vii. Approximate power flow expected- MW & MVAr.
viii. Terrain of the route- Give information regarding nature of terrain i.e. forest land,
fallow land, agricultural and river basin, hill slope etc.
ix. Route map (to scale) - Furnish topographical map showing the route showing
existing power lines and telecommunication lines.
x. Purpose of Connection- Reference to Scheme, wheeling to other States etc.
xi. Approximate period of Construction.
A.3. STANDARD PLANNING DATA (DISTRIBUTION)

For Distribution licensees

(1) GENERAL
Furnish map of Manipur/Mizoram duly marked
i Area Map (to scale) with the area of supply relevant for the
Distribution License .
Furnish categories of consumers, their numbers
ii Consumer Data
and connected loads.
Reference to Electrical Divisions
iii presently in charge of the
Distribution.

92
(2) CONNECTION
Furnish single line diagram showing points
i Points of Connection
of Connection
ii Voltage of supply at points of Connection
Names of Grid Sub-Station feeding the
iii
points of Connection

(3) LINES AND SUBSTATIONS

i Line Data Furnish lengths of line and voltages within the Area.
Furnish details of 132/33 KV sub-stations, 33/11 KV sub-station
ii Sub-station Data
etc

(4) LOADS
i Loads drawn at points of Connection.
Details of loads fed at EHV, if any. Give name of consumer, voltage of supply, contract
ii demand/load and name of Grid Sub-station from which line is drawn, length of EHV
line from Grid Sub-station to consumer's premises.
iii Reactive Power compensation installed

(5) DEMAND DATA (FOR ALL LOADS 1 MW AND ABOVE)

i Type of load State whether furnace loads, rolling mills, traction

loads, other industrial loads, pumping loads etc.
ii Rated voltage and phase
Electrical loading of
iii State number and size of motors, types of drive and
equipment control arrangements.
Sensitivity of load to voltage
iv
and frequency of supply.
Maximum Harmonic content
v
of load.
Average and maximum
vi
phase unbalance of load.
Nearest sub-station from
vii
which load is to be fed.

viii Location map to scale Showing location of load with reference to lines and
sub-stations in the vicinity.

93
(6) LOAD FORECAST DATA

Peak load and energy forecast for each category of loads for each of the succeeding
i
5 years.
ii Details of methodology and assumptions on which forecasts are based.
Details of loads 1 MW and above.

a. Name of prospective consumer.

iiib. Location and nature of load.

c. Sub-Station from which to be fed.
d. Voltage of supply.
e. Phasing of load.

94
 APPENDIX B : DETAILED PLANNING DATA
(Reference to: Chapter 4, para 4.3 (7), para 4.6 (a,b,c) and Chapter 5 para 5.11)

B.1 DETAILED PLANNING DATA (GENERATION)

B.1.1 THERMAL POWER STATIONS (COAL / GAS / FUEL LINKED) (For SGS)
(1) GENERAL

i. Name of Power Station.

ii. Number and capacity of Generating Units (MW).
iii. Ratings of all major equipments (Boilers and major accessories, Turbines,
Alternators, Generator Unit Transformers etc).
iv. Single line Diagram of Power Station and switchyard.
v. Relaying and metering diagram.
vi. Neutral Grounding of Generating Units.
vii. Excitation control- (What type is used?) e.g. Thyristor, Fast Brushless Excitors)
viii. Earthing arrangements with earth resistance values.
ix. Start up engine (for gas stations)
x. Turbine details (for gas stations)

(2) PROTECTION AND METERING

i. Full description including settings for all relays and protection systems installed on
the Generating Unit, Generator unit Transformer, Auxiliary Transformer and
electrical motor of major equipments etc.

ii. Full description including settings for all relays installed on all outgoing feeders
from Power Station switchyard, Tie circuit breakers, and incoming circuit breakers.

iii. Full description of inter-tripping of circuit breakers at the point or points of

Connection with the Transmission System.

iv. Most probable fault clearance time for electrical faults on the User's System.

v. Full description of operational and commercial metering schemes.

(3) SWITCHYARD

i. In relation to interconnecting transformers:

1. Rated MVA.
2. Voltage Ratio.
3. Vector Group.
4. Positive sequence reactance for maximum, minimum, normal Tap. (% on
MVA).

95
 5. Positive sequence resistance for maximum, minimum, normal Tap. (% on
MVA).
6. Zero sequence reactance (% on MVA).
7. Tap changer Range (+% to -%) and steps.
8. Type of Tap changer. (off/on load).
ii. In relation to switchgear including circuit breakers, isolators on all circuits
connected to the points of Connection:

1. Rated voltage (KV).

2. Type of circuit breaker (MOCB/ABCB/SF6).
3. Rated short circuit breaking current (KA) 3 phase.
4. Rated short circuit breaking current (KA) 1 phase.
5. Rated short circuit making current (KA) 3 phase.
6. Rated short circuit making current (KA) 1-phase.
7. Provisions of auto re-closing with details.
iii. In relation to the Lightning Arresters -
Technical data

iv. In relation to the Communication –

Details of communication equipment installed at points of connections.

v. In relation to the Basic Insulation Level (KV) -

1. Bus bar.
2. Switchgear.
3. Transformer bushings.
4. Transformer windings.
(4) PARAMETERS OF GENERATING UNITS

i. Rated terminal voltage (KV).

ii. Rated MVA.
iii. Rated MW.
iv. Speed (rpm) or number of poles.
v. Inertia constant H (MW Sec./MVA).
vi. Short circuit ratio.
vii. Direct axis synchronous reactance (% on MVA) Xd.
viii. Direct axis (saturated) transient reactance (% on MVA) Xd'.
ix. Direct axis (saturated) sub-transient reactance (% on MVA) Xd".
x. Quadrature axis synchronous reactance (% on MVA) Xq .
xi. Quadrature axis (saturated) transient reactance (% on MVA) Xq'.
xii. Quadrature axis (saturated) sub-transient reactance (% on MVA) Xq".
xiii. Direct axis transient open circuit time constant (Sec) T'do.
xiv. Direct axis sub-transient open circuit time constant (See) T"do.

96
 xv. Quadrature axis transient open circuit time constant (Sec) T’qo.
xvi. Quadrature axis sub-transient open circuit time constant (Sec) T’'qo.
xvii. Stator Resistance (ohm)Ra.
xviii. Neutral grounding details.
xix. Stator leakage reactance (ohm) X1.
xx. Stator time constant (Sec).
xxi. Rated Field current (A).
xxii. Open Circuit saturation characteristic for various terminal Voltages giving the
compounding current to achieve the same.
xxiii. MW and MVAr Capability curve

(5) PARAMETERS OF EXCITATION CONTROL SYSTEM:

i. Type of Excitation.
ii. Maximum Field Voltage.
iii. Minimum Field Voltage.
iv. Rated Field Voltage.
v. Details of excitation loop in block diagrams showing transfer functions of individual
elements using I.E.E.E. symbols.
vi. Dynamic characteristics of over - excitation limiter.
vii. Dynamic characteristics of under-excitation limiter.
(6) PARAMETERS OF GOVERNOR:

i. Governor average gain (MW/Hz).

ii. Speeder motor setting range.
iii. Time constant of steam or fuel Governor valve.
iv. Governor valve opening limits.
v. Governor valve rate limits.
vi. Time constant of Turbine.
vii. Governor block diagram showing transfer functions of individual elements using
I.E.E.E. symbols.

(7) OPERATIONAL PARAMETERS:

Minimum notice required to synchronize a Generating Unit from de- synchronization.

i. Minimum time between synchronizing different Generating Units in a Power
Station.

ii. The minimum block load requirements on synchronizing.

97
 iii. Time required for synchronizing a Generating Unit for the following conditions:
1. Hot
2. Warm
3. Cold
iv. Maximum Generating Unit loading rates for the following conditions:
1. Hot
2. Warm
3. Cold
v. (v) Minimum load without oil support (MW).

(8) GENERAL STATUS

i. Detailed Project report.

ii. Status Report
1. Land
2. Coal
3. Water
4. Environmental clearance
5. Rehabilitation of displaced persons
iii. Techno-economic approval by Central Electricity Authority (CEA).
iv. Approval of State Government/Government of India.
v. Financial Tie-up.
(9) CONNECTION

i. Reports of Studies for parallel operation with the State Transmission System.
ii. Short Circuit studies
iii. Stability Studies.
iv. Load Flow Studies.
v. Proposed Connection with the State Transmission System.
a. Voltage
b. No. of circuits
c. Point of Connection.

B.1.2 HYDRO - ELECTRIC STATIONS (For SGS)

(1) GENERAL

i. Name of Power Station.

ii. No and capacity of units. (MVA)
iii. Ratings of all major equipment.

98
 a. Turbines (HP)
b. Generators (MVA)
c. Generator Transformers (MVA)
d. Auxiliary Transformers (MVA)
iv. Single line diagram of Power Station and switchyard.
v. Relaying and metering diagram.
vi. Neutral grounding of Generator.
vii. Excitation control.
viii. Earthing arrangements with earth resistance values.
ix. Reservoir Data.
a. Salient features
b. Type of Reservoir
c. Multipurpose
d. For Power
e. Operating Table with
1. Area capacity curves and
2. Unit capability at different net heads

(2) PROTECTION

i. Full description including settings for all relays and protection systems installed on
the Generating Unit, Generator transformer, auxiliary transformer and electrical
motor of major equipment included etc.

ii. Full description including settings for all relays installed on all outgoing feeders
from Power Station switchyard, tiebreakers, and incoming breakers.

iii. Full description of inter-tripping of breakers at the point or points of Connection with
the Transmission System.

iv. Most Probable fault clearance time for electrical faults on the User's System.

(3) SWITCHYARD

i. Interconnecting transformers:

1. Rated MVA
2. Voltage Ratio
3. Vector Group
4. Positive sequence reactance for maximum, minimum and normal Tap.(% on
MVA).

99
 5. Positive sequence resistance for maximum, minimum and normal Tap.(%
on MVA).
6. Zero sequence reactance (% on MVA)
7. Tap changer range (+% to -%) and steps.
8. Type of Tap changer (off/on load).
9. Neutral grounding details.
ii. Switchgear (including circuit breakers, Isolators on all circuits connected to the
points of Connection).

1. Rated voltage (KV).

2. Type of Breaker (MOCB/ABCB/SF6).
3. Rated short circuit breaking current (KA) 3 phase.
4. Rated short circuit breaking current (KA) 1 phase.
5. Rated short circuit making current (KA) 3 phase.
6. Rated short circuit making current (KA) 1 phase.
7. Provisions of auto re-closing with details.
iii. Lightning Arresters
Technical data

iv. Communications
Details of Communications equipment installed at points of connections.

v. Basic Insulation Level (KV)

1. Bus bar.
2. Switchgear.
3. Transformer Bushings
4. Transformer windings.

(4) GENERATING UNITS

i. Parameters of Generator

1. Rated terminal voltage (KV).

2. Rated MVA.
3. Rated MW
4. Speed (rpm) or number of poles.
5. Inertia constant H (MW sec./MVA).
6. Short circuit ratio.
7. Direct axis synchronous reactance Xd (% on MVA).
8. Direct axis (saturated) transient reactance (% on MVA) X'd.
9. Direct axis (saturated) sub-transient reactance (% on MVA) X"d.
10. Quadrature axis synchronous reactance (% on MVA) Xq.

100
 11. Quadrature axis (saturated) transient reactance (% on MVA) X'q.
12. Quadrature axis (saturated) sub-transient reactance (% on MVA) X"q.
13. Direct axis transient open circuit time constant (sec) T'do.
14. Direct axis sub-transient open circuit time constant (sec) T"do.
15. Quadrature axis transient open circuit time content (sec) T'qo.
16. Quadrature axis transient open circuit time constant (sec) T"qo.
17. Stator Resistance (ohm) Ra.
18. Stator leakage reactance (ohm) X1.
19. Stator time constant (sec).
20. Rated Field current (A).
21. Neutral grounding details.
22. Open Circuit saturation characteristics of the Generator for various terminal
voltages giving the compounding current to achieve this.

23. Type of Turbine.

24. Operating Head (metres)
25. Discharge with full gate opening (cumecs)
26. Speed Rise on total Load throw off(%).
27. MW and MVAr Capability curve
ii. Parameters of excitation control system:
iii. Parameters of governor:
iv. Operational parameter:
1. Minimum notice required to Synchronize a Generating Unit from de-
synchronization.

2. Minimum time between Synchronizing different Generating Units in a Power

Station.

3. Minimum block load requirements on Synchronizing.

(5) GENERAL STATUS

i. Detailed Project Report.

ii. Status Report.
1. Topographical survey
2. Geological survey
3. Land
4. Environmental Clearance
5. Rehabilitation of displaced persons.
iii. Techno-economic approval by Central Electricity Authority.
iv. Approval of State Government/Government of India.
v. Financial Tie-up.

101
(6) CONNECTION

i. Reports of Studies for parallel operation with the State Transmission System.

1. Short Circuit studies

2. Stability Studies.
3. Load Flow Studies.
ii. Proposed Connection with the State Transmission System.
1. Voltage
2. No. of circuits
3. Point of Connection.

(7) RESERVOIR DATA

i. Dead Capacity
ii. Live Capacity

B.2 DETAILED SYSTEM PLANNING DATA – TRANSMISSION

For STU and Transmission Licensees
(1) GENERAL

i. Single line diagram of the Transmission System down to 66KV,33KV bus at Grid
Sub-station detailing:

1. Name of Sub-station.
2. Power Station connected.
3. Number and length of circuits.
4. Interconnecting transformers.
5. Sub-station bus layouts.
6. Power transformers.
7. Reactive compensation equipment.

ii. Sub-station layout diagrams showing:

1. Bus bar layouts.
2. Electrical circuits, lines, cables, transformers, switchgear etc.
3. Phasing arrangements.
4. Earthing arrangements.
5. Switching facilities and interlocking arrangements.
6. Operating voltages.
7. Numbering and nomenclature:
8. Transformers.
9. Circuits.

102
 10. Circuit breakers.
11. Isolating switches.

(2) LINE PARAMETERS (for all circuits)

i. Designation of Line.
1. Length of line (Km).
2. Number of circuits Per Circuit values.
3. Operating voltage (KV).
4. Positive Phase sequence reactance (pu on 100 MVA) X1
5. Positive Phase sequence resistance (pu on 100 MVA) R1
6. Positive Phase sequence susceptance (pu on 100 MVA) B1
7. Zero Phase sequence reactance (pu on 100 MVA) X0
8. Zero Phase sequence resistance (pu on 100 MVA) R0
9. Zero Phase sequence susceptance (pu on 100 MVA) B0

(3) TRANSFORMER PARAMETERS (For all transformers)

i. Rated MVA
ii. Voltage Ratio
iii. Vector Group
iv. Positive sequence reactance, maximum, minimum and normal (pu on 100 MVA) X1
v. Positive sequence resistance, maximum, minimum and normal (pu on 100 MVA)
R1
vi. Zero sequence reactance (pu on 100 MVA).
vii. Tap change range (+% to -%) and steps.
viii. Details of Tap changer. (Off/On load).
(4) EQUIPMENT DETAILS (For all substations)

i. Circuit Breakers
ii. Isolating switches
iii. Current Transformers
iv. Potential Transformers /CVTs
(5) RELAYING AND METERING

i. Protection relays installed for all transformers and feeders along with their settings
and level of co-ordination with other Users.

ii. Metering Details.

(6) SYSTEM STUDIES

i. Load Flow studies (Peak and lean load for maximum hydro and maximum thermal
generation).

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 ii. Transient stability studies for three-phase fault in critical lines.

iii. Dynamic Stability Studies

iv. Short circuit studies (three-phase and single phase to earth)

v. Transmission and Distribution Losses in the Transmission System.

(7) DEMAND DATA (For all substations)

Demand Profile (Peak and lean load) for next 5 years.

(8) REACTIVE COMPENSATION EQUIPMENT

i. Type of equipment (fixed or variable).

ii. Capacities and/or Inductive rating or its operating range in MVAr.

iii. Details of control.

iv. Point of Connection to the System.

B.3 DETAILED PLANNING DATA (DISTRIBUTION)

For Distribution Licensees
(1) GENERAL

i. Distribution map (To scale). Showing all lines up to 11KV and sub-stations
belonging to the Supplier.

ii. Single line diagram of Distribution System (showing distribution lines from points of
Connection with the Transmission System, 132/33 KV sub stations, 33/11KV
110/22-11 KV substations, and consumer bus in case of consumers fed directly
from the Transmission System).

iii. Numbering and nomenclature of lines and sub-stations (Identified with feeding Grid
sub-stations of the Transmission and concerned 220/132/33/11KV, 132/33/11KV,
and 33/11KV 110/22-11 KV sub-stations of Licensee).

(2) CONNECTION

i. Points of Connection (Furnish details of existing arrangement of Connection).

ii. Details of metering at points of Connection.

(3) LOADS

i. Details of major loads of 1 MW and above to be contracted for next 5 years.

ii. Demand profile of Distribution System (Current & forecast)

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 APPENDIX C : SITE RESPONSIBILITY SCHEDULE
(Reference to: Chapter 5 para 5.5 (2))

Name of Power Station / Sub – Station:

Site Owner:

Site Manager:

Tel. Number:

Fax Number:

Item of Plant / Plant Safety Control Operation Maintenance Remarks

Apparatus Owner responsibility responsibility responsibility responsibility
_____KV
Switchyard
All
equipment
including
bus bars
Feeders

Generating
units

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 APPENDIX D : PROTECTION DATA
(Reference to: Chapter 6)
PROTECTION:

Item Due date/Time

a) Generators/CPPs/IPPs shall submit details of protection As applicable to
requirement and schemes installed by them as referred to in B- Detailed Planning
1. Detailed planning Data under sub-section Data
“Protection and Metering”
b) The STU shall submit details of protection equipment and As applicable to
schemes installed by them as referred to in B-2. Detailed Detailed Planning
system Data, Transmission under sub-section “Relaying and Data
Metering” in relation to Connection with any User.

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 APPENDIX E : OPERATIONAL PLANNING DATA

E.1 OUTAGE PLANNING DATA

(Reference to - Chapter 11)
1 Demand Estimates
(For Distribution Licensees)

Item Due date/ Time

a) Estimated aggregate month-wise annual sales of Energy in 15th November of
Million Units and peak and lean demand in MW & MVAr at current year
each Connection point for the next financial year.

b) Estimated aggregate day-wise monthly sales of Energy in

million Units and peak and lean demand in MW & MVAr at 25th of current month
each Connection point for the next month.

c) 15 Minute block-wise demand estimates for the day ahead.

09.00 Hours every day.

(2) Estimates of Load Shedding for Distribution Licensee

Item Due date / Time

a) Details of discrete load blocks that may be shed to comply Soon after
with instructions issued by SLDC when required, from each connection is made.
connection point.

(3) Year ahead outage progamme (For the financial year)

(i) Generator outage programme for (SGS)

Item Due date / Time

a) Identification of Generating Unit.
b) MW, Which will not be available as a result of Outage.
c) Preferred start date and start-time or ranges of start dates 15th November each
and start times and period of outage. year
d) If outages are required to meet statutory requirement, then
the latest – date by which outage must be taken.

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(ii) Affecting Intra – State Transmission System
Item Due date / Time
a) MW, which will not be available as a result of Outage from 15th November each
Imports through external connections. year
b) Start date and start time and period of Outage.

(iii) Year ahead CPP’s outage programme (Affecting Intra – State Transmission

System)

Item Due date / Time

a) MW, which will not be available as a result of Outage from 15th November each
Imports through external connections. year
b) Start date and start time and period of Outage.

(iv) Year ahead Distribution Licensees outage programme

Item Due date / Time

a) Loads in MW not available from any connection point. 15th November each
Identification of connection point. year
b) Period of suspension of drawal with start date and start
time.

(v) STU’s Overall outage programme

Item Due date / Time

th
a) Report on proposed outage programme 15 February each
b) Release of finally agreed outage plan year

E-2. GENERATION SCHEDULING DATA

(Reference to: Chapter 14)

SCHEDULE AND DISPATCH (For SGS, IPPs and CPPs)

Item Due date/ Time

Day ahead 15 Minute block-wise MW/MVAr availability
09.00 hrs
(00.00 - 24.00 Hours).
a) Status of Generating Unit Excitation AVR in service (Yes/No). 09.00 hrs
b) Status of Generating Unit Speed Control System. Governor in
09.00 hrs
service (Yes/No).
c) Spinning reserve capability (MW). 09.00 hrs
d) Backing down capability with/without oil support (MW). 09.00 hrs
Hydro reservoir levels and restrictions. 09.00 hrs
a)Generating Units 15 Minute block-wise summation outputs (MW). 09.00 hrs
b) Day ahead 15 Minute block-wise MW entitlements from Central
09.00 hrs
Sector Generation Power Stations.

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E-3 CAPABILITY DATA
(Reference to: Chapter 10)
For SGS

Item
a) Generators and IPPs shall submit to STU up-to-date capability curves On receipt of request
for all Generating Unit. from STU / SLDC.
b) CPPs shall submit to STU net return capability that shall be available
for export /import from Transmission System

E-4 RESPONSE TO FREQUENCY CHANGE

(Reference to: Chapter 10)
For SGS

Item
a) Primary Response in MW at different levels of loads ranging from On receipt of request
minimum generation to registered capacity for frequency changes from STU / SLDC.
resulting in fully opening of governor valve.
b) Secondary response in MW to frequency changes

E-5 MONITORING OF GENERATION

(Reference to: Chapter 9)
For (SLDC)
MONITIRING OF GENERATION AND DRAWAL (For SGS)

Item
a) SGS shall provide 15-minute block-wise generation summation to
SLDC. Real time basis
b) CPPs shall provide 15-minute block-wise export / import MW to
SLDC. Real time basis
c) Logged readings of Generators to SLDC. As required
d) Detailed report of generating unit tripping on monthly basis. In the first week of
the succeeding
month

E-6 ESSENTIAL AND NON ESSENTIAL LOAD DATA

(Reference to: Chapter 12)
For SGS

CONTINGENCY PLANNING (For SLDC)

Item Due date/ Time
Schedule of essential and non-essential loads on each discrete load As soon as possible
block for purposes of load shedding. after connection

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 APPENDIX - F : INCIDENT REPORTING (OTHER THAN ACCIDENTS)
(Reference to: Chapter 12 para 12.3)

First report
Date:______
Time:______
S.N Item Details
1 Date and time of incident

2 Location of incident

3 Type of incident

4 System parameters before the incident (voltage, frequency, flows,

generation etc.)

5 Relay indications received and performance of protection

6 Damage to equipment

7 Supplies interrupted and duration, if applicable

8 Amount of generation lost, if applicable

9 Possibility of alternate supply arrangement

10 Estimate of time to return to service

11 Cause of incident

12 Any other relevant information and remedial action taken

13 Recommendations for future improvement / repeat incident

14 Name of the organization

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 APPENDIX – G : METERING DATA

(Reference to: Chapter 15)

1 METERING
Item Due date/ Time

a) SGS shall submit details of metering equipment and As applicable to Detailed

schemes installed by them as referred in B-1. Detailed Planning Data
Planning Data under sub-section “Protection and
Metering”
b) STU s shall submit details of metering equipment and As applicable to Detailed
schemes installed by them as referred in B-2. Detailed Planning Data.
System Data, Transmission under sub-section “Relaying
and Metering” in relation to connection with any User.

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 ABBREVIATIONS

ABT Availability Based Tariff

BIS Bureau of Indian Standards
BS British Standards
CEA Central Electricity Authority
CERC Central Electricity Regulatory Commission
CPP Captive Power Plant
CT Current Transformer
CTU Central Transmission Utility
DC Double Circuit
EHT Extra High Tension
ERPC Eastern Regional Power Committee
HT High Tension
ICT Inter Connecting Transformer
IEC International Electro-Technical Commission Standards
IEGC Indian Electricity Grid Code
IPP Independent Power Producer
ISGS Inter-State Generating Station
ISTS Inter State Transmission System
KV Kilo Volt
LCP Line Clear Permit
NABL National Accreditation Board of Testing and Calibration Laboratories
PGCIL Power Grid Corporation of India Ltd.
PTW Permit to Work
RLDC Regional Load Despatch Centre
SCADA Supervisory Central and Data Acquisition
SC Single Circuit
SGC State Grid Code
SGS State Generating Station
SLDC State Load Despatch Centre
STS State Transmission System
STU State Transmission Utility
UI Unscheduled Interchange
VT Voltage Transformer

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