Binalatongan Community College
Brgy. Ilang San Carlos City, Pangasinan
IT Elec 3
Data
Mining
MODULE 2
HUMPHREY A. DIAZ
INSTRUCTOR
Binalatongan Community College
Brgy. Ilang San Carlos City, Pangasinan
Module No. 002
Subject Code : IT ELEC 3 – Data Mining
Subject Description : The aim of this course is to understand the basic concepts of data
mining and various techniques of data mining such as classification, association rules,
clustering, regression and its applications. This course also introduces overview of data
warehousing and its features.
Term : 1ST Sem 2025-2026
I. Learning Objectives:
- Demonstrate the mastery of the topics presented, knowledge and skills acquired by
performing within good expectations during the Midterm Examination.
- Apply the knowledge and skills earned, and display the knowledge gained during the
entire course by performing within good expectations in the Final Examination.
Upon completion of this module, the students will be able to:
- Define Data Preprocessing Phase
- Define Analytical Phase
- Identify The workflow of a typical data mining application
- Define Nondependency-Oriented Data
- Define Dependency-Oriented Data
- Understand Data Clustering
- Identify the Impact of Complex Data Types on Problem Definitions
- Define Data Mining definition and Task
- Differentiate KDD versus Data Mining
- Identify Data Mining techniques, tools and application
II. Learning Outcomes:
- Gain an understanding of what data mining is all about.
- Be able to perform the data preparation tasks and understand the implications.
- Demonstrate an understanding of the basic machine learning algorithmic
methods that support knowledge discovery.
- Be able to evaluate what has been learned through the application of the
appropriate statistics.
- Be able to discuss alternative data mining implementations and what might be
most appropriate for a given data mining task.
- Become proficient in the use of a set of data mining tools.
- Discuss various implementations of modern database management system;
- Use emerging database technologies
- Understand Advance SQL Queries.
III. Learning Resources:
1. Required Learning Resources
- Learning Modules, Learning Management System
2. Additional Learning Resources
- Data Mining: The Textbook, Charu C. Aggarwal, 2015 by Springer International
Publishing Switzerland
- Fundamentals of Database Systems 7th Edition, R. Elmasri and S. B. Navathe, 2016 by
Pearson
IV. Tasks to Complete:
- Complete the activities and quizzes included on the module by performing within good
expectations.
- Apply the knowledge and skills earned, and display the knowledge gained during the
entire course by performing within good expectations in Midterm and Final Examinations.
V. Content Items:
- Lesson 1: The SQL AND Operator
- Lesson 2: The SQL OR Operator
- Lesson 3: The SQL NOT Operator
- Lesson 4: The SQL SELECT LIMIT Clause
VI. Summary:
- This module provides the fundamental principles that guides students to their learning.
- The module is the intellectually disciplined process of actively and skillfully conceptualizing,
applying, analyzing, synthesizing, and/or evaluating information gathered from, or generated
by, observation, experience, reflection, reasoning, or communication, as a guide to belief and
action.
VII. Assessments:
- To evaluate the students, the module provides some activities, exercises, self-checks and
quizzes. Examinations will be conducted at home.
AND, OR, NOT
LESSON 1: The SQL AND Operator
The WHERE clause can contain one or many AND operators.
The AND operator is used to filter records based on more than one condition, like if you want to
return all customers from Germany that has a CustomerName that is equals to 'Alfreds
Futterkiste':
Example
AND vs OR
The AND operator displays a record if all the conditions are TRUE.
The OR operator displays a record if any of the conditions are TRUE.
All Conditions Must Be True
The following SQL statement selects all fields from Customers where Country is "Germany" AND
City is "Berlin" AND PostalCode is higher than 12000:
LESSON 2: The SQL OR Operator
The WHERE clause can contain one or more OR operators.
The OR operator is used to filter records based on more than one condition, like if you want to
return all customers from Germany but also those from Spain:
OR vs AND
The OR operator displays a record if any of the conditions are TRUE.
The AND operator displays a record if all the conditions are TRUE.
At Least One Condition Must Be True
The following SQL statement selects all fields from Customers where either City is
"Berlin", CustomerName starts with the letter "G" or Country is "Norway":
LESSON 3: The NOT Operator
The NOT operator is used in combination with other operators to give the opposite result, also
called the negative result.
In the select statement below we want to return all customers that are NOT from Spain:
In the example above, the NOT operator is used in combination with the = operator, but it can be
used in combination with other comparison and/or logical operators. See examples below.
NOT LIKE
NOT BETWEEN
NOT IN
NOT Greater Than
Note: There is a not-greater-than operator: !> that would give you the same result.
NOT Less Than
Note: There is a not-less-than operator: !< that would give you the same result.
LESSON 4: The SQL SELECT LIMIT Clause
The SELECT LIMIT clause is used to specify the number of records to return.
The SELECT LIMIT clause is useful on large tables with thousands of records. Returning a large
number of records can impact performance.
LIMIT
The following SQL statement shows the equivalent example for MySQL: