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Ecosystems and Biodiversity Explained

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8 views1 page

Ecosystems and Biodiversity Explained

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quit9539
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© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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🌿 Module 2: Ecosystems and Biodiversity

Objective: Learn how ecosystems function and why biodiversity is vital.

Key Topics (with details):

1. What is an Ecosystem?
An ecosystem is a community of living organisms interacting with each other and their
physical surroundings. Energy flows through ecosystems in the form of food chains and
webs.

2. Types of Ecosystems:

o Terrestrial ecosystems: forests, deserts, grasslands, tundra.

o Aquatic ecosystems: freshwater (lakes, rivers) and marine (oceans, coral reefs).

3. Biodiversity and Its Importance:


Biodiversity means the variety of life on Earth — plants, animals, and microorganisms. It
maintains ecosystem balance, provides raw materials, supports agriculture, and helps in
climate regulation.

4. Food Chains and Food Webs:


Energy passes from producers (plants) to consumers (animals) and decomposers (fungi,
bacteria). A food web shows how multiple chains interconnect, maintaining ecological
stability.

5. Threats to Ecosystems and Biodiversity:


Habitat destruction, pollution, invasive species, and climate change reduce biodiversity and
disrupt natural processes.

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