Scribd
Upload
18 views6 pages

DNA Replication & Protein Synthesis Guide

The document is a study guide focused on DNA replication and protein synthesis, detailing contributions from key scientists and fundamental concepts such as DNA structure, replication processes, and gene mutations. It includes questions on the roles of enzymes, comparisons between DNA and RNA, and the steps of transcription and translation. Additionally, it covers mRNA processing and types of gene mutations, providing a comprehensive overview for students studying molecular biology.

Uploaded by

redvoltp
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
18 views6 pages

DNA Replication & Protein Synthesis Guide

The document is a study guide focused on DNA replication and protein synthesis, detailing contributions from key scientists and fundamental concepts such as DNA structure, replication processes, and gene mutations. It includes questions on the roles of enzymes, comparisons between DNA and RNA, and the steps of transcription and translation. Additionally, it covers mRNA processing and types of gene mutations, providing a comprehensive overview for students studying molecular biology.

Uploaded by

redvoltp
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Unit 05 Study Guide - DNA Replication and Protein Synthesis

1.​ Describe the experiment or contribution of each of the scientists below.

Frederick Griffith:

Oswald Avery:

Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase:

Erwin Chargaff:

James Watson and Francis Crick:

Rosalind Franklin and Maurice Wilkins:


For questions 2 and 3, refer to the figure below.

2.​ Identify the structure above.

3.​ Label each component in the structure above.

4.​ Describe the overall shape of DNA.

5.​ Describe what is meant by the term antiparallel.

6.​ Identify the bond between the sugar and phosphate in the DNA backbone.

7.​ A sample of DNA contains 24% adenine. Determine the percentages of the other three nitrogen bases.

8.​ The location where DNA replication begins on the double helix is called the replication ___ or ____.

9.​ Describe the functions of the key enzymes used in replication.


helicase: DNA polymerase:

primase: ligase:
10.​Describe the difference between the leading strand and the lagging strand.

11.​Explain the function of primers.

12.​On which strand do you find Okazaki fragments?

13.​Compare and contrast DNA and RNA using the table below.

DNA Both RNA

14.​Construct a diagram to illustrate the Central Dogma of Biology.

15.​Define/describe the following terms:

gene -
tRNA -

mRNA -
anticodon -

codon -
rRNA -
16.​Indicate where in the cell each process occurs.

DNA Replication Transcription Translation

17.​Use a codon chart to determine which mRNA codons and amino acids would be formed by the following DNA
sequence.

DNA Sequence T A C G T T A C G T A G A C T

mRNA Sequence

Amino Acid Sequence

18.​Describe the following terms.

RNA polymerase –

19.​Describe the steps of Transcription.

Initiation

Elongation

Termination
20.​Describe the steps of Translation.

Initiation

Elongation

Termination

21.​Label the diagram below.


22.​Describe the process of mRNA processing. In your answer, include the terms pre-mRNA, mRNA, exons, introns,
splice/spliced/splicing.

23.​Identify the type of gene mutation shown in the diagram to


the right.

24.​Identify the three types of gene mutations discussed in class.

25.​Describe what is meant by the term frameshift.

26.​What kind of mutations can cause a frameshift?

27.​Describe what is meant by each term:

missense mutation –

nonsense mutation –

silent mutation –

You might also like