Biological Science MCQ PDF
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21 Chapters
990 Verified Questions
Biological Science
MCQ PDF
Cou
Biological Science explores the fundamental principles and processes of living
organisms, from the molecular to the ecosystem level. It covers essential topics such as
cell structure and function, genetics, evolution, ecology, and physiology. The course
emphasizes scientific inquiry, critical analysis, and experimental techniques, providing
students with a comprehensive understanding of the diversity of life and the
interrelationship between organisms and their environments. Through lectures,
laboratories, and fieldwork, students develop foundational knowledge and practical skills
relevant to careers in health, research, and environmental sciences.
Recommended Textbook
Visualizing Human Biology 4th Edition by Kathleen A. Ireland
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21 Chapters
990 Verified Questions
990 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: What Is Life
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is an example of homeostatic imbalance?
A)Diabetic taking an insulin injection
B)Sleeping
C)Eating a banana as a source of potassium
D)Feeling tired and hungry
Answer: D
Q2) Which of the following is a characteristic of living things?
A)High degree of organization.
B)Presence of blood.
C)Composed of chemicals.
D)Part of the Animal kingdom.
Answer: A
Q3) Which of the following is an example of an atom?
A)Carbon
B)Carbohydrate
C)Glucose
D)ATP
Answer: A
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Page 3
Chapter 2: Where Do We Come From and Where Do We Fit
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Q1) Similar to ecosystems,the skeleto-muscular system cycles:
A)calcium.
B)oxygen and carbon dioxide.
C)water.
D)energy.
Answer: A
Q2) A niche describes the area where an organism lives.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q3) Which of the following led to the genetic variation of humans?
A)Eugenics
B)Natural selection
C)Race
D)Dietary changes
Answer: B
Q4) No two organisms can occupy the same niche in the same habitat at a time.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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Chapter 3: Life Has a Unique Chemistry
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Q1) Sweating is a good example of which of water's properties?
A)It is cohesive.
B)It is a good solvent.
C)It has a high heat of vaporization.
D)It has a high specific heat.
Answer: C
Q2) What would happen if the active site of an enzyme had a different shape?
A)Nothing would change
B)The process would happen in reverse
C)The enzyme would die
D)The enzyme would not be functional
Answer: D
Q3) Which of the following organic molecules can serve as a library of genetic
information?
A)Carbohydrates
B)Proteins
C)Nucleic acids
D)Lipids
Answer: C
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Page 5
Chapter 4: Organization and Communication
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Q1) What form of transport uses energy and moves molecules against or "up" their
concentration gradient?
A)Passive transport
B)Osmosis
C)Diffusion
D)Active transport
Q2) Water cannot cross the phospholipid bilayer unless it travels through a protein
channel.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Paracrines are hormones that:
A)are released into the bloodstream, potentially reaching every cell of the body.
B)are mostly used when quick responses are required.
C)allow physical connections between adjacent cells.
D)provide long-distance communication.
Q4) The majority of ATP energy production occurs during glycolysis.
A)True
B)False
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Page 6
Chapter 5: Tissues
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Q1) Which of the following is a disease that damages cartilage inside joints?
A)Osteoarthritis
B)Rheumatoid arthritis
C)Osteoporosis
D)Fibromyalgia
Q2) In which cavity is the brain found?
A)Dorsal body cavity
B)Mediastinum
C)Ventral body cavity
D)Pericardial cavity
Q3) How many abdominopelvic regions are there?
A)1
B)2
C)4
D)9
Q4) Cartilage is vascular which means it has a rich blood supply.
A)True
B)False
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Page 7
Chapter 6: The Skeletomuscular System
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Q1) There are approximately ________ bones in the human skeleton.
A)128
B)56
C)206
D)310
Q2) The extension of the sarcolemma that conducts the contraction message is called:
A)the myofibril.
B)the T tubule.
C)the sarcoplasmic reticulum.
D)the nucleus.
Q3) Where are the anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments found?
A)Outside the knee joint
B)Inside the knee joint
C)Outside the shoulder joint
D)Inside the shoulder joint
Q4) Which bone cell is responsible for laying down new bone?
A)Osteoblast
B)Osteoclast
C)Chondroblast
D)Osteocyte
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Chapter 7: The Nervous System
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Sample Questions
Q1) The outer covering of the brain is a tough connective tissue layer called the dura
mater.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Our special senses include receptors for touch,pain,and temperature.
A)True
B)False
Q3) What is the function of the afferent part of the peripheral nervous system?
A)Send motor commands to muscles
B)Transmit information from different receptors
C)Integrate and analyze sensory information
D)Control heart beat by changing its rhythm
Q4) Ependymal cells are neuroglia which assist in the production of cerebrospinal fluid.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Repolarization is due to the opening of sodium channels.
A)True
B)False
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Page 9
Chapter 8: The Special Senses
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Q1) The choroid is part of the vascular layer.
A)True
B)False
Q2) What is unique about the macula lutea?
A)It is the part of the retina with the highest concentration of cones.
B)It is the part of the retina with no photoreceptors.
C)It is only found in squid and octopus.
D)It is the type of cone that detects yellow color.
Q3) Where do our tears originate?
A)Lacrimal punctae
B)Canals of Schlemm
C)Eyelid
D)Lacrimal gland
Q4) The cornea is part of the:
A)fibrous layer.
B)vascular layer.
C)nervous layer.
D)retina.
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Page 10
Chapter 9: Immunity and the Lymphatic System
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which plasma proteins come together in a specific order to destroy invading
bacteria?
A)Fever
B)Interferon
C)Inflammation
D)Complement
Q2) We acquire which kind of immunity throughout our lives?
A)Specific
B)Innate
C)Nonspecific
D)Passive
Q3) What is the name of the lymphatic structure that filters the lymph but is not entirely
encapsulated?
A)tonsils
B)thymus
C)salivary glands
D)pancreas
Q4) Nails are composed of flattened sheets of melanocytes.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 10: Infectious Disease and Epidemiology
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Q1) This virus,which causes flu-like symptoms,can attack the nervous system.
A)Measles
B)Ebola
C)Polio
D)Hantavirus
Q2) How is TB transmitted between people?
A)Body fluids
B)Direct contact skin to skin
C)Direct injections
D)Airborne droplets
Q3) The flea is the vector for which bacterial disease?
A)TB
B)MRSA
C)Plague
D)AIDS
Q4) An in depth analyses of one patient is called:
A)a cohort study.
B)an outbreak investigation.
C)a pandemic.
D)a case study.
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Chapter 11: Cancer
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Sample Questions
Q1) Genes that promote cell growth are called:
A)tumor-suppressor genes.
B)proto-oncogenes.
C)telomerase.
D)p53.
Q2) The most likely way to be exposed to radiation is:
A)by fallout from nuclear bombs.
B)via power plant accidents.
C)exposure to diagnostic X-rays.
D)daily cell phone usage.
Q3) Cancer can be defined as:
A)cells that never divide.
B)cells that divide uncontrollably.
C)tumors only.
D)an extremely rare cause of death.
Q4) The most common cause of cervical cancer is:
A)because of radiation.
B)from chemicals in the environment.
C)BRCA1.
D)viral infection.
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Chapter 12: The Cardiovascular System
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Sample Questions
Q1) A weak spot in a blood vessel that could potentially burst is known as a(n):
A)aneurysm.
B)plaque.
C)myocardial infarction.
D)edema.
Q2) What is the purpose of precapillary sphincters?
A)They regulate blood flow to the heart.
B)They change the amount of blood flowing into capillary beds.
C)They are muscles that pump blood back to the heart.
D)They contract when the tissues need more oxygen and nutrients.
Q3) Which of the following white blood cells is the largest?
A)Neutrophil
B)Eosinophil
C)Monocyte
D)Lymphocyte
Q4) A clot that blocks flow to the brain can lead to stroke.
A)True
B)False
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Page 14
Chapter 13: The Respiratory System: Movement of Air
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Q1) Which of the following is the exchange of gases between the blood and the cells of
the body?
A)Ventilation
B)External respiration
C)Internal respiration
D)Transport of oxygen in the blood
Q2) Vital capacity is the amount of air you breathe:
A)normally at rest.
B)in during a forced inhalation.
C)out during a forced exhalation.
D)in and out during one huge breath.
Q3) Asthma is a restrictive disease.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The volume of air during each normal breath is called the:
A)tidal volume.
B)inspiratory reserve volume.
C)expiratory reserve volume.
D)vital capacity.
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Page 15
Chapter 14: Nutrition: You Are What You Eat
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which fat type would be the best for your health?
A)Trans fat
B)Lipoprotein
C)Saturated fat
D)Unsaturated fat
Q2) The most effective long term weight loss plan is:
A)limiting carbohydrate consumption.
B)consuming only liquids.
C)eating less calories than you use.
D)replacing meals with energy drinks.
Q3) Carbohydrates are not lipid soluble and are carried by a protein in the blood.
A)True
B)False
Q4) After eating oysters you develop the symptoms of food [Link] infectious
agent might you suspect?
A)E. coli
B)Norwalk-like virus
C)Salmonella
D)Campylobacter
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Page 16
Chapter 15: The Digestive System
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Sample Questions
Q1) The stomach is involved only in chemical digestion.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The tonsils and MALT are both immune structures associated with the digestive
system.
A)True
B)False
Q3) All digestive enzymes work best at pH 7.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Chemical digestion of carbohydrates takes place:
A)in the mouth.
B)in the stomach.
C)in the small intestine.
D)in the mouth and small intestine.
Q5) [Link] is not normally found in the digestive system; it is only found when a person
has acquired food poisoning from eating tainted food.
A)True
B)False
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17 click on the resource link above.
Chapter 16: The Urinary System
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which hormone directly affects the permeability of the collecting duct to water?
A)ANP
B)ADH
C)BNP
D)Aldosterone
Q2) Which substance is found in blood plasma but not in the fluid of the glomerular
capsule?
A)Water
B)Amino acids
C)Ions
D)Large proteins
Q3) Urinalysis can produce false positive results for certain drugs because it does not
test for the specific drug but rather the breakdown products.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Which large molecule is not normally found in urine?
A)Albumin
B)Urea
C)Amino acids
D)Glucose
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Chapter 17: The Endocrine System and Development
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Q1) Type I diabetes:
A)used to be called adult-onset diabetes.
B)results from cells ceasing to respond to insulin.
C)is commonly seen in the obese.
D)is caused by an autoimmune attack of the islet cells.
Q2) Androgens produced by the testes are examples of steroid hormones.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Organ systems are very independent of each other,so if the parathyroid gland failed
to function properly,the body would simply adjust with no major complications.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Glucagon:
A)stimulates the release of hGH from the pituitary gland.
B)decreases the basal metabolic rate.
C)regulates the movement of chyme from the stomach to the small intestine.
D)accelerates the conversion of glycogen to glucose.
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Page 19
Chapter 18: The Reproductive Systems: Maintaining the
Species
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Sample Questions
Q1) The human reproductive system allows for genetic diversity.
A)True
B)False
Q2) If there are 46 chromosomes in a diploid human cell,how many are there in a
haploid human cell?
A)23
B)46; there is no difference in chromosome numbers
C)69
D)92
Q3) The function of the reproductive system is:
A)triggering puberty.
B)stimulating secondary sex characteristics.
C)forming gametes.
D)all of these choices.
Q4) The structure of the female reproductive system that contains erectile tissue is the:
A)vagina.
B)clitoris.
C)uterine tube.
D)uterus.
Page 20
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Chapter 19: Pregnancy: Development From Conception to
Newborn
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Q1) If the labor needs to be induced,pitocin,a synthetic form of prolactin,will be given
intravenously.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Which statement is true regarding the yolk sac?
A)Only animals that develop outside the mother, like a chicken, have yolk sacs.
B)The yolk sac in a human is inactive.
C)The placenta and yolk sac are synonymous.
D)The yolk sac will help to form the digestive system.
Q3) By week ___,all of the major organs and organ systems are present,though not fully
functional.
A)2
B)4
C)6
D)8
Q4) Quickening occurs during the?
A)Late embryonic stage
B)First trimester
C)Second trimester
Page 21
D)Third trimester
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Chapter 20: Inheritance, Genetics, and Molecular Biology
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Q1) The field of pharmacogenetics:
A)tailors drug treatments to individual genotypes.
B)tailors drug treatments to individual phenotypes.
C)prescribes generic treatments to individuals.
D)prescribes antibiotics to treat individual bacterial infections.
Q2) Once a protein sequence is determined,scientists can work backwards to obtain the
DNA code of that protein by first determining the tRNA sequence.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Tay-Sachs is a fatal disease caused by a dysfunctional,lysosomal enzyme in the
brain.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Mendel's conclusion about how each trait is carried in the gamete as a separate
entity regardless of any other traits is called the Law of ______________ .
A)Independent Assortment
B)Segregation
C)Crossing-Over
D)Dominance
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Page 22
Chapter 21: Populations Evolve in Ecosystems
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Q1) Great white sharks are considered tertiary or quaternary carnivores.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Phosphorus is a biologically important chemical because it is necessary to produce
bones,teeth,and the important energy molecule ATP.
A)True
B)False
Q3) It is possible for a population's gene pool to remain unchanged.
A)True
B)False
Q4) What is a typical characteristic of type III survivorship populations?
A)Constant death rate
B)Offspring receive lots of parental care
C)Asexual reproduction
D)Lots of offspring
Q5) Chlorofluorocarbons,or CFCs,are responsible for:
A)acid rain.
B)ozone layer damage.
C)smog.
D)water pollution.
Page 23
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