FACULTY OF SCIENCE AGRICULTURE AND ENGINEERING
Department of Physics
Lecture: WX Mtshali
Module Code: 4PHY171 (General Physics A)
Tutorials: Chapter 14
9. Blood pressure in Argentinosaurus. (a) If this longnecked, gigantic sauropod had
a head height of 21 m and a heart height of 9.0 m, what (hydrostatic) gauge
pressure in its blood was required at the heart such that the blood pressure at the
brain was 80 torr (just enough to perfuse the brain with blood)? Assume the blood
had a density of 1.06X10 3 . (b) What was the blood pressure (in torr or mm Hg) at
the feet?
•10 The plastic tube in Fig. 14-30 has a cross-sectional area of 5.00 cm2 . The tube
is filled with water until the short arm (of length d 0.800 m) is full. Then the short
arm is sealed and more water is gradually poured into the long arm. If the seal will
pop off when the force on it exceeds 9.80 N, what total height of water in the long
arm will put the seal on the verge of popping?
11 Giraffe bending to drink. In a giraffe with its head 2.0 m above its heart, and its
heart 2.0 m above its feet, the (hydrostatic) gauge pressure in the blood at its heart
is 250 [Link] that the giraffe stands upright and the blood density is . In torr
(or mm Hg), find the (gauge) blood pressure (a) at the brain (the pressure is enough
to perfuse the brain with blood, to keep the giraffe from fainting) and (b) at the feet
(the pressure must be countered by tight-fitting skin acting like a pressure
stocking). (c) If the giraffe were to lower its head to drink from a pond without
splaying its legs and moving slowly, what would be the increase in the blood
pressure in the brain? (Such action would probably be lethal.)
•18 In Fig. 14-32, an open tube of length L 1.8 m and cross-sectional area A 4.6
cm2 is fixed to the top of a cylindrical barrel of diameter D 1.2 m and height H 1.8
m. The barrel and tube are filled with water (to the top of the tube). Calculate the
ratio of the hydrostatic force on the bottom of the barrel to the gravitational force
on the water contained in the barrel. Why is that ratio not equal to 1.0? (You need
not consider the atmospheric pressure.
•28 A piston of cross-sectional area a is used in a hydraulic press to exert a small
force of magnitude f on the enclosed liquid. A connecting pipe leads to a larger
piston of crosssectional area A (Fig. 14-36). (a) What force magnitude F will the
larger piston sustain without moving? (b) If the piston diameters are 3.80 cm and
53.0 cm, what force magnitude on the small piston will balance a 20.0 kN force on
the large piston?
30 A 5.00 kg object is released from rest while fully submerged in a liquid. The
liquid displaced by the submerged object has a mass of 3.00 kg. How far and in
what direction does the object move in 0.200 s, assuming that it moves freely and
that the drag force on it from the liquid is negligible?
32 In Fig. 14-38, a cube of edge length L 0.600 m and mass 450 kg is suspended by
a rope in an open tank of liquid of density 1030 kg/m3 . Find (a) the magnitude of
the total downward force on the top of the cube from the liquid and the
atmosphere, assuming atmospheric pressure is 1.00 atm, (b) the magnitude of the
total upward force on the bottom of the cube, and (c) the tension in the rope. (d)
Calculate the magnitude of the buoyant force on the cube using Archimedes’
principle. What relation exists among all these quantities
••36 In Fig. 14-39a, a rectangular block is gradually pushed face-down into a liquid.
The block has height d; on the bottom and top the face area is A 5.67 cm2 . Figure
14-39b gives the apparent weight Wapp of the block as a function of the depth h of
its lower face. The scale on the vertical axis is set by Ws 0.20 N. What is the density
of the liquid?
•60 Models of torpedoes are sometimes tested in a horizontal pipe of flowing water,
much as a wind tunnel is used to test model airplanes. Consider a circular pipe of
internal diameter 25.0 cm and a torpedo model aligned along the long axis of the
[Link] model has a 5.00 cm diameter and is to be tested with water flowing past
it at 2.50 m/s. (a) With what speed must the water flow in the part of the pipe that is
unconstricted by the model? (b) What will the pressure difference be between the
constricted and unconstricted parts of the pipe?
55 How much work is done by pressure in forcing 1.4 m3 of water through a pipe
having an internal diameter of 13 mm if the difference in pressure at the two ends
of the pipe is 1.0 atm?