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Types of Network Topologies Explained

Network topology refers to the arrangement of computers in a network, with common types including Bus, Star, Ring, Tree, Mesh, and Hybrid topologies. Each topology has its own advantages, such as cost-effectiveness and ease of management, as well as disadvantages like potential single points of failure and high installation costs. Understanding these topologies helps in selecting the appropriate network design based on specific needs and resources.

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20 views19 pages

Types of Network Topologies Explained

Network topology refers to the arrangement of computers in a network, with common types including Bus, Star, Ring, Tree, Mesh, and Hybrid topologies. Each topology has its own advantages, such as cost-effectiveness and ease of management, as well as disadvantages like potential single points of failure and high installation costs. Understanding these topologies helps in selecting the appropriate network design based on specific needs and resources.

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232169
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© All Rights Reserved
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Network Topology

What is Network Topology?


A computer network is a collection of two or more
computers which are connected together to share
information and resources.
Bus Topology
A Bus topology consists of a single cable—calleda
bus— connecting all nodes on a network without
intervening connectivity devices
Advantages of Bus Topology
• Works well for small networks.
• Relatively inexpensive to implement.
• Easy to expand joining two cables together.
• Used in small network.

Coaxial
cable

Network Card
Disadvantages of Bus Topology

• Management costs can be high


• Cables fails then whole network fails.
• Cables has a limited length.
Star Topology
A star network is designed with each node (file server,
workstation, peripheral) connected directly to a central
network hub or server.
Advantages of Star Topology
• Good option for modern
networks
• Low startup costs
• Easy to manage
• Offers opportunities for
expansion
• Most popular topology in use
wide variety of equipment
available
Disadvantages of Star Topology

• Hub is a single point of failure


• Requires more cable than the bus
• Cost of installation is high.

Hub
Ring topology
A ring network is one where all workstations and other
devices are connected in a continuous loop. There is no
central server.
Advantages of Ring Topology
• Easier to manage; easier to locate a
defective node or cable problem
• Well-suited for transmitting
signals over long distances on a
LAN
• Handles high-volume
network traffic
Disadvantages of Ring Topology

• Expensive
• Requires more cable and network
equipment at the start
• Not used as widely as bus topology
– Fewer equipment options
– Fewer options for expansion to
high-speed communication
Tree topology
• It has a root node and all other
nodes are connected to it
forming a hierarchy. It is also
called Hierarchical Topology.
Advantages Of Tree Topology
• Extension of Bus and Star Topology.
• Expansion of nodes is possible and easy.
• Easily managed and maintained.
Disadvantages Of Tree Topology
• Heavily cabled.
• Costly.
• If more nodes are added maintenance is difficult.
• Central hub fails, network fails.
Mesh Topology
It is a point-to-point connection to other nodes or devices.
Traffic is carried only between two devices or nodes to
which it is connected. Mesh has n(n-2)/2 physical channels
to link hn devices.
Advantages Of Mesh Topology
• Each connection can carry its own data load.
• Fault is diagnosed easily.
• Provide security and privacy.
Disadvantage of mesh topology
• Installation and configuration is difficult.
• Cabling cost is more.
• Bulk wiring is required.
Hybrid Topology
It is the mixture of two or more topologies. Therefore it is
called Hybrid topology. A hybrid topology combines
characteristics of linear bus and star and/or ring topologies.

Star-Wired Bus
Advantages of hybrid topology
• Reliable as error detecting and trouble shooting is
easy.
• Effective.
• Scalable as size can be increased easily.
• Flexible.

Star-Wired Ring

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