JEE (MAIN+ADVANCED)

Mathematics
NURTURE COURSE

STUDY MATERIAL

Sequence and Series

English Medium
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 Sequence and Series

SEQUENCE & SERIES

1.0 DEFINITION
SL AL

 Sequence
A succession of terms a1, a2, a3, a4........ formed is called sequence and sequence in which terms are related
with some mathematical rule is called progression.
Examples are : 1, 4, 9, 16, 25
–1, 1, –1, 1,........
x x2 x3 x4
, , , ,.......
1! 2! 3! 4 !
A finite sequence has a finite (i.e. limited) number of terms, as in the first example above. An infinite
sequence has an unlimited number of terms, i.e. there is no last term, as in the second and third examples.
 Series
The indicated sum of the terms of a sequence. In the case of a finite sequence a1, a2, a3, ................ , an the
n
corresponding series is a1 + a2 + a3 + ........ + an = ∑a
k =1
k . This series has a finite or limited number of

terms and is called a finite series.

2.0 ARITHMETIC PROGRESSION (A.P.)

SL AL

A.P. is a sequence whose terms differ by a fixed number. This fixed number is called the common
difference. If a is the first term & d the common difference, then A.P. can be written as
a, a + d, a + 2d, .............., a + (n – 1) d , ..........
(a) nth term of AP Tn = a + (n–1)d , where d = Tn – Tn–1
(b) The sum of the first n terms :
n n
S n = [a + !] = [2a + (n − 1)d]
2 2
where ! is the last term.
NOTE
(i) nth term of an A.P. is of the form An + B i.e. a linear expression in 'n', in such a case the coefficient
of n is the common difference of the A.P. i.e. A.
(ii) Sum of first 'n' terms of an A.P. is of the form An2 + Bn i.e. a quadratic expression in 'n', in such
case the common difference is twice the coefficient of n2. i.e. 2A
(iii) Also nth term Tn = S n – S n–1
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Illustration 1. If (x + 1), 3x and (4x + 2) are first three terms of an A.P. then its 5th term is -
(A) 14 (B) 19 (C) 24 (D) 28
Solution (x + 1), 3x, (4x + 2) are in AP
⇒ 3x – (x + 1) = (4x + 2) – 3x
⇒ x=3
∴ a = 4, d = 9 – 4 = 5
⇒ T5 = 4 + 4(5) = 24 Ans. (C)

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Illustration 2. The sum of first four terms of an A.P. is 56 and the sum of it's last four terms is 112. If its first
term is 11 then find the number of terms in the A.P.
Solution a + a + d + a + 2d + a + 3d = 56
4a + 6d = 56
44 + 6d = 56 (as a = 11)
6d = 12 hence d = 2
Now sum of last four terms.
a + (n – 1)d + a + (n – 2)d + a + (n – 3)d + a + (n – 4)d = 112
⇒ 4a + (4n – 10)d = 112
⇒ 44 + (4n – 10)2 = 112
⇒ 4n – 10 = 34
⇒ n = 11 Ans.
7n + 1
Illustration 3. The sum of first n terms of two [Link]. are in ratio . Find the ratio of their 11th terms.
4n + 27
Solution Let a1 and a2 be the first terms and d1 and d2 be the common differences of two A.P.s
respectively then
n
[2a1 + (n − 1)d1 ]
2 7n + 1
=
n 4n + 27
[2a 2 + (n − 1)d 2 ]
2
 n −1
a1 +  d
⇒  2  1 = 7n + 1
 n −1 4n + 27
a2 +  d
 2  2
For ratio of 11th terms
n −1
= 10 ⇒ n = 21
2
7(21) + 1 148 4
so ratio of 11th terms is = = Ans.
4(21) + 27 111 3

3.0 PROPERTIES OF A.P.

SL AL

(a) If each term of an A.P. is increased, decreased, multiplied or divided by the same nonzero number,
then the resulting sequence is also an A.P.
(b) Three numbers in A.P. : a – d, a, a + d
Four numbers in A.P. : a – 3d, a – d, a + d, a + 3d
Five numbers in A.P. : a – 2d, a – d, a, a + d, a + 2d
Six numbers in A.P. : a – 5d, a – 3d, a – d, a + d, a + 3d, a + 5d etc.
(c) The common difference can be zero, positive or negative.
(d) kth term from the last = (n – k + 1)th term from the beginning.
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(e) The sum of the two terms of an AP equidistant from the beginning & end is constant and equal to
the sum of first & last terms. ⇒ Tk + Tn–k+1 = constant = a + !.
(f) Any term of an AP (except the first ) is equal to half the sum of terms which are equidistant from it.
1
a n =   (a n − k + a n + k ), k <n
 2
1 1
For k = 1, a n =   (a n −1 + a n +1 ) ; For k = 2, a n =   (a n − 2 + a n + 2 ) and so on.
 2  2
(g) If a, b, c are in AP, then 2b = a + c.

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Illustration 4. Four numbers are in A.P. If their sum is 20 and the sum of their squares is 120, then the
middle terms are -
(A) 2, 4 (B) 4, 6 (C) 6, 8 (D) 8, 10
Solution Let the numbers are a – 3d, a – d, a + d, a + 3d
given, a – 3d + a – d + a + d + a + 3d = 20
⇒ 4a = 20 ⇒ a = 5
and (a – 3d)2 + (a – d)2 + (a + d)2 + (a + 3d)2 = 120
⇒ 4a2 + 20d2 = 120
⇒ 4 × 52 + 20d2 = 120
⇒ d2 = 1 ⇒ d = ± 1
Hence numbers are 2, 4, 6, 8 Ans. (B)

Illustration 5. Four different integers form an increasing A.P. One of these numbers is equal to the sum of
the squares of the other three numbers. Find the numbers.
Solution Let the numbers be a – d, a, a + d, a + 2d
where a, d ∈ I, d > 0
according to the question
(a – d)2 + a2 + (a + d)2 = a + 2d
i.e., 2d2 – 2d + 3a2 – a = 0
1
∴ d= 1 ± (1 + 2a − 6a 2 ) 
2  
Since, d is positive integer,
a 1
⇒ 1 + 2a – 6a2 > 0 ⇒ a 2 − − <0
3 6
 1 − 7  1+ 7 
⇒ a − a − <0
 6  6 
1− 7  1+ 7 
∴  <a< 
 6   6 
∵ a∈I
∴ a=0
1
then d = [1 ± 1] = 1 or 0. Since, d > 0 ∴ d=1
2
Hence, the numbers are –1, 0, 1, 2

Illustration 6. If a1, a2, a3,...........,an are in A.P. where ai > 0 for all i, show that :
1 1 1 (n − 1)
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+ + ...... + =
a1 + a 2 a2 + a3 a n −1 + a n a1 + a n
1 1 1
Solution L.H.S. = + + ...... +
a1 + a 2 a2 + a3 a n −1 + a n
1 1 1
= + + ...... +
a 2 + a1 a3 + a2 a n + a n −1

a 2 − a1 a3 − a2 a n − a n −1
= + + ...... +
( a 2 − a1 ) (a3 − a2 ) a n − a n −1

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Let 'd' is the common difference of this A.P.
then a2 – a1 = a3 – a2 = ....... = an – an–1 = d
Now L.H.S.

=
1
d
{ a 2 − a1 + a 3 − a 2 + ...... + a n −1 − a n − 2 + a n − a n −1 }
=
1
d
{ a n − a1 } = d ( aa −+a a ) = ad (+ (na − +1)d a− a)
n 1 1 1

n 1 n 1

1 (n − 1)d n −1
= = = R.H.S.
d ( a n + a1 ) a n + a1

4.0 GEOMETRIC PROGRESSION (G.P.)

SL AL

G.P. is a sequence of non zero numbers each of the succeeding term is equal to the proceeding term
multiplied by a constant. Thus in a GP the ratio of successive terms is constant. This constant factor is
called the COMMON RATIO of the sequence & is obtained by dividing any term by the immediately
previous term. Therefore a, ar, ar2, ar3, ar4 , .......... is a GP with 'a' as the first term & 'r' as common ratio.
(a) nth term ; Tn = a r n–1
(b) Sum of the first n terms
a(r n − 1)
Sn = , if r ≠ l (r > 1 or r < 1)
r −1
a
(c) Sum of infinite G.P. S∞ = ; 0 < r <1,
1− r

5.0 PROPERTIES OF (G.P.)

SL AL

(a) If each term of a G.P. be multiplied or divided by the some non-zero quantity, then the resulting
sequence is also a G.P.
(b) Three consecutive terms of a GP : a/r, a, ar ;
Four consecutive terms of a GP : a/r3, a/r, ar, ar3 & so on.
(c) If a, b, c are in G.P. then b2 =ac.
(d) If in a G.P, the product of two terms which are equidistant from the first and the last term, is
constant and is equal to the product of first and last term. ⇒ Tk. Tn–k+1 = constant = a.!
(e) If each term of a G.P. be raised to the same power, then resulting sequence is also a G.P.
(f) In a G.P., Tr2 = Tr–k. Tr+k, k < r, r ≠ 1
(g) If the terms of a given G.P. are chosen at regular intervals, then the new sequence is also a G.P.
(h) If a1, a2, a3.....an is a G.P. of positive terms, then log a1, log a2,.....log an is an A.P. and vice-versa.
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a1 a 2 a 3
(i) If a1, a2, a3... and b1, b2, b3... are two G.P.'s then a1b1, a2b2, a3b3... & , , .......... is also in
b1 b 2 b3
G.P. (bi ≠ 0 for all i)

Illustration 7. If a, b, c are positive numbers in G.P., then the equations ax 2 + 2bx + c = 0

d e f
and dx 2 + 2ex + f = 0 have a common root if , , are in -
a b c
(A) A.P. (B) G.P. (C) H.P. (D) none of these

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 Sequence and Series

Solution a, b, c are in G.P ⇒ b 2 = ac
Now the equation ax 2 + 2bx + c = 0 can be rewritten as ax2 +2 acx +c = 0

( )
2
⇒ ax + c =0

c c
⇒ x=− ,−
a a
c
If the two given equations have a common root, then this root must be − .
a
c c
Thus d − 2e +f =0
a a
d f 2e c 2e 2e
⇒ + = = =
a c c a ac b
d e f
⇒ , , are in A.P. Ans. (A)
a b c

Illustration 8. A number consists of three digits which are in G.P. the sum of the right hand and left hand
digits exceeds twice the middle digit by 1 and the sum of the left hand and middle digits is
two third of the sum of the middle and right hand digits. Find the numbers.
Solution Let the three digits be a, ar and ar2 then number is
100a + 10ar + ar2 ....(i)
3
Given, a + ar2 = 2ar +1
2
or a(r2 – 2r + 1) = 1
or a(r – 1)2 = 1 ....(ii)
2
Also given a + ar = (ar + ar2)
3
⇒ 3 + 3r = 2r + 2r2
⇒ 2r2 – r – 3 = 0
⇒ (r + 1)(2r – 3) = 0
3
∴ r = –1,
2
1 1
for r = –1, a= 2
= ∉I ∴ r ≠ –1
(r − 1) 4
1
for r = 3/2, a= 2
=4 {from (ii)}
3 
 − 1
2 
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3 9
From (i), number is 400 + 10 ⋅ 4 ⋅ + 4 ⋅ = 469 . Ans.
2 4
Illustration 9. Find the value of 0.3258
Solution Let R = 0.3258
⇒ R = 0.32585858.... .... (i)
Here number of figures which are not recurring is 2 and number of figures which are recurring
is also 2.
then 100 R = 32.585858...... ....(ii)
and 10000 R = 3258.5858..... ....(iii)
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
Subtracting (ii) from (iii) , we get
1613
9900 R = 3226 ⇒ R =
4950
Aliter Method : R = .32 + .0058 + .0058 + .000058 +...........
 
58  1 1  58  1 
= .32 + 4  1 + 2 + 4 + .........∞  = .32 + 4  
10  10 10  10  1 − 1 
 
 100 
32 58 3168 + 58 3226 1613
= + = = =
100 9900 9900 9900 4950

A.P., G.P. AND THEIR PROPERTIES

1. Write down the sequence whose nth terms is :

2n 3 + (−1)n
(a) (b)
n 3n

2. For an A.P, show that tm + t2n + m = 2tm + n

3. If the sum of p terms of an A.P. is q and the sum of its q terms is p, then find the sum of its (p + q) term.

4. Find the sum of first 24 terms of the A.P. a1, a2, a3......, if it is know that
a1 + a5 + a10 + a15 + a20 + a24 = 225.

5. Find the number of terms common to the two A.P.'s 3, 7, 11, ...... 407 and 2, 9, 16, ......, 709

6. Find a three digit number whose consecutive digits form a G.P. If we subtract 792 from this number, we
get a number consisting of the same digits written in the reverse order. Now, if we increase the second digit
of the required number by 2, then the resulting digits will form an A.P.

7. If the third term of G.P. is 4, then find the product of first five terms.

8. The rational number which equals the number 2.357 with recurring decimal is -
2357 2379 785 2355
(A) (B) (C) (D)
999 997 333 1001

6.0 HARMONIC PROGRESSION (H.P.)

SL AL

A sequence is said to be in H.P. if the reciprocal of its terms are in AP.

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1 1 1
If the sequence a1, a2, a3, ......., an is an HP then , ,......, is an AP . Here we do not have the
a1 a 2 an
formula for the sum of the n terms of an HP. The general form of a harmonic progression is
1 1 1 1
, , ,.........
a a + d a + 2d a + n − 1) d
(
Note–(i) No term of any H.P. can be zero.
2ac a a−b
(ii) If a, b, c are in HP, then b = or =
a+c c b−c

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1 1 1 1
Illustration 10. If + + + = 0 prove that a, b, c are in H.P, or b = a + c
a c a−b c−b
1 1 1 1
Solution We have + + + =0
a c a−b c−b
1 1  1 1 
⇒  a + c − b + c + a − b  = 0
   
 1 1 
⇒ (c + a − b)  +  =0
 a(c − b) c(a − b) 
a−b a
⇒ c + a = b or =
b−c c
⇒ c + a = b or a, b, c in H.P.
1
Illustration 11. The sum of three numbers are in H.P. is 37 and the sum of their reciprocals is . Find the
4
numbers.
Solution Three numbers are in H.P. can be taken as
1 1 1
, ,
a−d a a+d
1 1 1
then + + = 37 ...(i)
a−d a a+d
1
and a–d+a+a+d =
4
1
⇒ a=
12
12 12
from (i), + 12 + = 37
1 − 12d 1 + 12d

12 12
⇒ + = 25
1 − 12d 1 + 12d

24
⇒ = 25
1 − 144d 2
24
⇒ 1 − 144d 2 =
25
1
⇒ d2 =
25 × 144
1
∴ d=±
60
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1 1 1 1 1 1
∴ a – d, a, a + d are , , or , ,
15 12 10 10 12 15

Hence, three numbers in H.P. are 15, 12, 10 or 10, 12, 15 Ans.

a−x a−y a−z

Illustration 12. Suppose a is a fixed real number such that = =
px qy rz
If p, q, r are in A.P., then prove that x, y, z are in H.P.
Solution ∵ p, q, r are in A.P.
∴ q–p=r–q .... (i)

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
⇒ p – q = q – r = k (let)
a a
−1 −1 a −1
a−x a−y a−z x y
given = = ⇒ = = z
px qy rz p q r
a  a  a  a 
 − 1 −  − 1  y − 1  −  z − 1 
x  y =  
⇒ (by law of proportion)
p−q q−r
a a a a
− −
x y y z 1 1  1 1 1 1 1 1
⇒ = ⇒ a −  = a −  ⇒ − = −
k k x y y z x y y z
2 1 1
∴ = +
y x z
1 1 1
∴ , , are in A.P.
x y z
Hence x, y, z are in H.P.

7.0 MEANS
SL AL

7.1 Arithmetic Mean

If three terms are in A.P. then the middle term is called the A.M. between the other two, so if a, b, c are in
a+c
A.P., b is A.M. of a & c. So A.M. of a and c = = b.
2
 n- Arithmetic Means Between Two Numbers
If a, b be any two given numbers & a, A1, A2, .........., An, b are in AP, then A1, A2,........An are the 'n'
b−a
A.M’s between a & b then. A1 = a + d , A2 = a + 2d ,......, An= a + nd or b – d, where d =
n +1
b−a 2(b − a)
⇒ A1 = a + , A2 = a + ,.......
n +1 n +1
Note : Sum of n A.M's inserted between a & b is equal to n times the single A.M. between a & b
n
i.e. ∑A
r =1
r = nA where A is the single A.M. between a & b.

7.2 Geometric Mean

If a, b, c are in G.P., then b is the G.M. between a & c, b2 = ac. So G.M. of a and c = ac = b
 n- Geometric Means Between Two Numbers
If a, b are two given positive numbers & a, G1, G2, ........, Gn, b are in G.P. Then G1, G2, G3 ,.......Gn
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are 'n' [Link] between a & b.

1/ n +1 2/ n +1 n/ n +1
b b b b
G1 = a   = ar, G2 = a   = ar2 , ................, Gn = a   = arn = ,
a a a r
1/ n +1
b
where r =  
a
Note – The product of n [Link] between a & b is equal to nth power of the single G.M. between a & b i.e.
n
Π Gr = (G) n where G is the single G.M. between a & b
r =1

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7.3 Harmonic Mean
2ac
If a, b, c are in H.P., then b is H.M. between a & c. So H.M. of a and c = = b.
a+c
 Insertion of 'n' HM's between a and b
a, H1, H2, H3 ,........, Hn, b → H.P
1 1 1 1 1 1
, , , ,.......... , → A.P.
a H1 H 2 H 3 Hn b
1 1
= + ( n + 1) D
b a
1 1
−
⇒ D= b a
n +1
1 1
1 1  − 
= + n b a 
Hn a  n + 1 
 

Illustration 13. Let A1, A2. A3 ..... A10 are 10, arithmetic mean between 1 and 10 then find the value of sum
of
A1 + A2 + A3 .....A10 .
Solution 1, A1, A2 .....A10, 10 are in A.P.
⇒ A1 + A2 + ......+ A10

10
= (A1 + A10 ) = 5(11) = 55
2

Illustration 14. Find four geometric mean between 32 and 243.

Solution Let G1, G2, G3, G4 are geometric mean, then
32, G1, G2, G3, G4, 243 are in geometric progression
Let common ratio of G.P. is r then
3
32 . r5 = 243 ⇒ r =
2
So, G1 = 48, G2 = 72, G3 = 108, G4 = 162

H.P. AND MEANS

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1. If the 7th term of a H.P. is 8 and the 8th term is 7. Then find the 28th term.

2. In a H.P., if 5th term is 6 and 3rd term is 10. Find the 2nd term.

q−r r−p p−q

3. If the pth, qth and rth terms of a H.P. are a, b, c respectively, then prove that + + =0.
a b c
4. If x, y, z are in H.P. then the value of expression log (x + z) + log (x – 2y + z) will be :
(A) log |x – z| (B) 2log |x – z| (C) 3 log |x – z| (D) 4log |x – z|

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
H H
5. If H is the harmonic mean between p and q, then the value of + is :
p q
pq p+q
(A) 2 (B) (C) (D) None of these
p+q pq

6. Harmonic mean between the roots of the equation x2 – 10x + 11 = 0 is :

1 5 21 11
(A) (B) (C) (D)
5 21 20 5

a n + bn
7. If is the G.M. between a & b then find the value of 'n'.
a n −1 + bn −1
1 1 1 1
8. If b is the harmonic mean between a and c, then prove that + = + .
b−a b−c a c

Illustration 15. If 2x3 + ax2 + bx + 4 = 0 (a and b are positive real numbers) has 3 real roots, then prove
that a + b ≥ 6(21/3 + 41/3).
Solution Let a, β, γ be the roots of 2x3 + ax2 + bx + 4 = 0. Given that all the coefficients are positive,
so all the roots will be negative.
Let a1 = –a, a2 = –β, a3 = – γ
a
⇒ a1 + a2 + a3 =
2
b
a1a2 + a2a3 + a3a1=
2
a1a2a3= 2
Applying AM ≥ GM, we have
a1 + a 2 + a 3
≥ (a1a 2 a 3 )1/ 3 ⇒ a ≥ 6 × 21/ 3
3
a a + a 2 a 3 + a1a 3
Also 1 2 > (a1a 2 a 3 )2/ 3
3
⇒ b ≥ 6 × 41/3
Therefore a + b ≥ 6(21/3 + 41/3).
n
n
If ai > 0 ∀ i ∈ N such that
Illustration 16.
∏a
i =1
i = 1 , then prove that (1 + a1)(1 + a2)(1 + a3)...(1 + an)≥ 2

Solution Using A.M. ≥ G.M.

1 + a1 ≥ 2 a1
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1 + a2 ≥ 2 a2
#
1 + an ≥ 2 an

⇒ (1 + a1)(1 + a2)........(1 + an) ≥ 2n(a1a2a3.....an)1/2

As a1a2a3.....an = 1

Hence (1 + a1)(1 + a2)..........(1 + an) ≥ 2n.

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
1 1 x y
Illustration 17. If a, b, x, y are positive natural numbers such that + = 1 then prove that a + b ≥ ab .
x y x y

Solution Consider the positive numbers ax, ax,.......y times and by, by,......x times
For all these numbers,
{a x + a x + ......y time} + {b y + b y + ......x times} ya x + xb y
AM = =
x+y (x + y)
1 1 xy
GM = {( a .a
x x
......y times ) ( b y .b y ......x times )} ( x + y ) = ( a xy ) . ( bxy )  (x + y) = (ab)(x + y)

1 1 x+y
As + = 1, = 1 , i.e, x + y = xy
x y xy
xy
ya x + xb y
So using AM ≥ GM ≥ (ab)x + y
x+y
ya x + xb y ax ay
∴ ≥ ab or + ≥ ab.
xy x y

8.0 ARITHMETICO - GEOMETRIC SERIES

SL AL

A series, each term of which is formed by multiplying the corresponding term of an A.P. & G.P. is called
the Arithmetico-Geometric Series , e.g. 1+ 3x + 5x2 + 7x3 + .........

Here 1, 3, 5, ........ are in A.P. & 1, x, x2, x3 ............. are in G.P.

(a) Sum of n terms of an Arithmetico-Geometric Series

Let S n = a + (a + d)r + (a + 2d)r 2 + .......... + [a + (n − 1)d]r n −1

n −1 n
then S n = a + dr(1 − r ) − [a + (n − 1)d] r , r ≠ 1
1− r 2 1− r
(1 − r)

(b) Sum to Infinity

a dr
If 0 < r < 1 & n → ∞ , then Lim r n = 0, S∞ = +
n →∞ 1 – r (1– r)2

Illustration 18. Find the sum of series 1 + 2x + 3x2 + 4x3 + ...... ∞ (|x| < 1)
Solution Let S = 1 + 2x + 3x2 + 4x3 + ...... ∞ ....(1)
2 3 4
Sx = x + 2x + 3x + 4x +......... ....(2)
Using (1) and (2)
1 1
S(1 – x) = 1 + x + x2 + x3 + ...... = ⇒ S=
JPR\COMP.251\Allen(IIT-JEE Wing)\B0BD–BE\Nurture\Mathematics\UNIT-1

1− x (1 − x)2

Illustration 19. Find the sum of series 4 – 9x + 16x2 – 25x3 + 36x4 – 49x5 + ......... ∞.
Solution Let S = 4 – 9x + 16x2 – 25x3 + 36x4 – 49x5 + ......... ∞
– Sx = – 4x + 9x2 – 16x3 + 25x4 – 36x5 + .......... ∞
On subtraction, we get
S(1 + x) = 4 – 5x + 7x2 – 9x3 + 11x4 – 13x5 +........ ∞
–S(1 + x)x = –4x + 5x2 – 7x3 + 9x4 – 11x5 +........ ∞

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
On subtraction, we get
S(1 + x)2 = 4 – x +2x2 – 2x3 + 2x4 – 2x5 +........ ∞
2x 2 4 + 3x + x 2
= 4 – x + 2x2 (1 – x + x2 –..........∞) = 4 – x + 4 − x + =
1+ x 1+ x
4 + 3x + x 2
S= Ans.
(1 + x ) 3

9.0 SIGMA NOTATIONS (Σ)

SL AL

 Theorems
n n n n n n
(a) ∑ (a
r =1
r ± br ) = ∑a ± ∑b
r =1
r
r =1
r (b) ∑ka
r =1
r =k ∑a
r =1
r (c) ∑ k = nk ; where k is a constant.
r =1

10.0 STANDARD RESULTS OF SIGMA

SL AL

n
n(n + 1)
(a) ∑r =
r =1
2
(sum of the first n natural numbers)

n
n(n + 1)(2n + 1)
(b) ∑r
r =1
2
=
6
(sum of the squares of the first n natural numbers)

2
n
n 2 (n + 1)2  n 
(c) ∑
r =1
r3 =
4
=  ∑ r  (sum of the cubes of the first n natural numbers)
 r =1 
n
n
(d) ∑r
r =1
4
=
30
(n + 1)(2n + 1)(3n 2 + 3n − 1)

n
(e) ∑ (2r − 1) = n
r =1
2
(sum of first n odd natural numbers)

n
(f) ∑ 2r = n(n + 1)
r =1
(sum of first n even natural numbers)

11.0 METHOD OF DIFFERENCE

AL

Some times the nth term of a sequence or a series can not be determined by the method, we have
discussed earlier. So we compute the difference between the successive terms of given sequence for
obtained the nth terms.
If T1, T2, T3,........,Tn are the terms of a sequence then some times the terms T2– T1, T3– T2,.........
constitute an AP/GP. nth term of the series is determined & the sum to n terms of the sequence can easily
be obtained.
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 Case–1
(a) If difference series are in A.P., then
Let Tn = an2 + bn + c, where a, b, c are constant
(b) If difference of difference series are in A.P.
Let Tn = an3 + bn2 + cn + d, where a, b, c, d are constant
 Case–2
(a) If difference are in G.P., then
Let Tn = arn + b, where r is common ratio & a, b are constant

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
(b) If difference of difference are in G.P., then
Let Tn = arn + bn + c, where r is common ratio & a, b, c are constant
Determine constant by putting n = 1, 2, 3 ....... n and putting the value of T1, T2, T3 ......
and sum of series (Sn) = ∑T n

Illustration 20. Sum of twenty terms of the series 1 + (1 + 2) + (1 + 2 + 3) + .... is

(A) 1410 (B) 210 (C) 1305 (D) 1540
Solution Tn = 1 + 2 + 3 + ...... + n
n(n + 1)
=
2
20 20
n(n + 1) 1
Now S = ∑
n =1
2
=
2 n =1
∑(n 2 + n)

1  20 ⋅ 21 ⋅ 41 20 ⋅ 21 
= +
2  6 2 
1
= (2870 + 210) = 1540
2
Illustration 21. Find the sum of n terms of the series 1 . 3 + 3 . 5 + 5 . 7 + .......
Solution The nth term is (2n – 1)(2n + 1)
Tn = (2n – 1) (2n + 1)
Tn = 4n2 – 1
Sn = ∑T n = ∑ (4n 2
− 1) = 4 ∑n 2
−n

4n(n + 1)(2n + 1) 2n(n + 1)(2n + 1)

= −n = −n
6 3
Illustration 22. Find the sum of n terms of the series 3 + 7 + 14 + 24 + 37 + ..........
Solution Clearly here the differences between the successive terms are
7 – 3, 14 – 7, 24 – 14, ........ i.e. 4, 7, 10, 13,........., which are in A.P.
Let S = 3 + 7 + 14 + 24 + ........ + Tn
S = 3 + 7 + 14 + ....... + Tn – 1 + Tn
Subtracting, we get
0 = 3 + [4 + 7 + 10 + 13 +........ (n –1) terms] – Tn
∴ Tn = 3 + Sn – 1 of an A.P. whose a = 4 and d = 3.
 n −1 6 + (n − 1)(3n + 2)
∴ Tn = 3 +   (2.4 + (n − 2)3) =
 2  4
1( 2
or Tn = 3n − n + 4 )
2
Now putting n = 1, 2, 3,........, n and adding
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1 1  n(n + 1)(2n + 1) n(n + 1)  n

∴ S n = [ 3 ∑ n 2 − ∑ n + 4n ] =  3 − + 4n  = (n 2 + n + 4) Ans.
2 2 6 2  2
Aliter Method
Let Tn = an2 + bn + c
Now, T1 = 3 = a + b + c .....(i)
T2 = 7 = 4a + 2b + c .....(ii)
T3 = 14 = 8a + 3 b + c .....(iii)
Solving (i), (ii) & (iii) we get
3 1 1
a = , b = − & c = 2 ∴ Tn = (3n 2 − n + 4)
2 2 2

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JEE-Mathematics

1
⇒ sn = ΣTn = [ 3 ∑ n2 − ∑ n + 4n]
2
1  n(n + 1)(2n + 1) n(n + 1)  n
= 3 − + 4n  = (n 2 + n + 4) Ans.
2 6 2  2

Illustration 23. Find the sum of n-terms of the series 1 + 4 + 10 + 22 + .....

Solution Let S = 1 + 4 + 10 + 22 +.......+ Tn ... (i)
S = 1 + 4 + 10 + ....... + Tn – 1 + Tn ... (ii)
(i) – (ii) ⇒ Tn = 1 + (3 + 6 + 12 + ........ + Tn – Tn – 1)
 2n −1 − 1 
Tn = 1 + 3  
 2 −1 
Tn = 3 . 2 n – 1 – 2
 2n − 1 
So Sn = ΣTn = 3Σ2n–1 – Σ2 = 3  n
 –2n = 3.2 – 2n – 3 Ans.
 2 −1 
Aliter Method
Let Tn = arn + b, where r = 2
Now T1 = 1 = ar + b ....(i)
2
T2 = 4 = ar + b ....(ii)
Solving (i) & (ii), we get
3
a = , b = −2 ∴Tn = 3.2n–1 – 2
2
 2n − 1 
⇒ Sn = ΣTn = 3Σ2n–1 – Σ2 = 3  n
 –2n = 3.2 – 2n – 3
 2 −1 

A.G.P., SIGMA NOTATION, METHOD OF DIFFERENCE

1 1
1. Find sum to n terms of the series 3 + 5 × + 7 × 2 + ........
4 4
44
2. If the sum to the infinity of the series 3 + 5r + 7r2 + .......... is , then find the value of r.
9
1 1 44
3. If the sum to infinity of the series 3 + ( 3 + d ) . + ( 3 + 2d ) . 2 + ......... is then find d.
4 4 9
1+ 2 1+ 2+ 3 1+ 2+ 3 + 4
4. Find the sum of the series upto n terms 1 + + + + ...........
2 3 4
5. Find the sum of 'n' terms of the series whose nth term is tn = 3n2 + 2n.

6. If |x| < 1, then the sum of the series 1 + 2x + 3x2 + 4x3 + ....... ∞, will be
1 1 1 1
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(A) (B) (C) (D)

1− x 1+ x (1 + x)2 (1 − x)2
7. Sum of the squares of first “n” natural numbers exceeds their sum by 330, then n =
(A) 8 (B) 10 (C) 15 (D) 20

8. The sum of series 1 + (1+2) + (1+2+3) + ....up to n terms, will be :

n(n + 1) (2n − 1) n(n + 1) (n + 2)
(A) n2 – 2n + 6 (B) (C) n2 – 2n + 6 (D)
6 6

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

 If A, G, H, are respectively A.M., G.M., H.M. between two positive number a & b then
(a) G2 = AH (A, G, H constitute a GP) (b) A ≥ G ≥ H (c) A = G = H ⇔ a = b

 Let a1, a2, ........, an be n positive real numbers, then we define their arithmetic mean (A), geometric mean
a1 + a 2 + ..... + a n
(G) and harmonic mean (H) as A =
n
n
G = (a1 a2...........an)1/n and H =
 1 1 1 1 
 a + a + a + .... a 
 1 2 3 n 

It can be shown that A ≥ G ≥ H. Moreover equality holds at either place if and only if a1 = a2 =......= an

 If nth term of a sequence is given by Tn = an3 + bn2 + cn + d where a, b, c, d are constants,

then sum of n terms Sn = ΣTn = aΣn3 + bΣn2 + cΣn + Σd
This can be evaluated using the above results.
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

SOME WORKED OUT ILLUSTRATIONS

n n
n 1
Illustration 1. If ∑ r =1
Tr =
8
(n + 1)(n + 2)(n + 3) , then find ∑T
r =1 r
.

Solution ∵ Tn = Sn – Sn – 1
n n −1
n(n + 1)(n + 2)(n + 3) (n − 1)n(n + 1)(n + 2)
= ∑r =1
Tr − ∑T
r =1
r =
8
−
8
n(n + 1)(n + 2)
= [(n + 3) − (n − 1)]
8
n(n + 1)(n + 2) n(n + 1)(n + 2)
Tn = (4) =
8 2
1 2 (n + 2) − n 1 1
⇒ = = = − .... (i)
Tn n(n + 1)(n + 2) n(n + 1)(n + 2) n(n + 1) (n + 1)(n + 2)
1
Let Vn =
n(n + 1)
1
∴ = Vn − Vn +1
Tn
Putting n = 1, 2, 3, .... n
1 1 1 1
⇒ + + + ....... + = (V1 − Vn +1 )
T1 T2 T3 Tn
n
1 n 2 + 3n
⇒ ∑r =1
=
Tr 2(n + 1)(n + 2)

Illustration 2. Find the sum of n terms of the series 1 . 3 . 5 + 3 . 5 . 7 + 5 . 7 . 9 + .......

Solution The nth term is (2n – 1)(2n + 1)(2n + 3)
1
Tn = (2n – 1) (2n + 1) (2n + 3 )
8
Tn = (2n–1) (2n + 1) (2n + 3) {(2n + 5) – (2n – 3)}
1
= (Vn − Vn −1 ) [Let Vn = (2n – 1) (2n + 1) (2n + 3) (2n + 5)]
8
1
Sn = ∑
Tn = [Vn − V0 ]
8
(2n − 1)(2n + 1)(2n + 3)(2n + 5) 15
∴ Sn = +
8 8
3 2
= n (2n + 8n + 7n – 2) Ans.

Illustration 3. The series of natural numbers is divided into groups (1), (2, 3, 4), (5, 6, 7, 8, 9) ....... and so
on. Show that the sum of the numbers in nth group is n3 + (n – 1)3
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Solution The groups are (1), (2, 3, 4), (5, 6, 7, 8, 9) .......

The number of terms in the groups are 1, 3, 5......
∴ The number of terms in the nth group = (2n – 1)
the last term of the nth group is n2
If we count from last term common difference should be –1
 2n − 1 
So the sum of numbers in the nth group = 
 2 
2
 2n + (2n − 2)(−1) { }
= (2n – 1)(n2 – n + 1) = 2n3 – 3n2 + 3n – 1 = n3 + (n – 1)3

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 Sequence and Series

2 3
 2n + 1   2n + 1   2n + 1 
Illustration 4. Find the sum of series upto n terms   + 3  + 5  + ......... .
 2n − 1   2n − 1   2n − 1 
Solution For x ≠ 1, let
S = x + 3x2 + 5x3 + ....... + (2n – 3)xn –1 + (2n – 1)xn ... (i)
2 3 n –1 n n+1
⇒ xS = x + 3x + ....... + (2n – 5)x + (2n – 3)x + (2n – 1)x ... (ii)
Subtracting (ii) from (i), we get
(1 – x)S = x +2x2 + 2x3 + ......... + 2xn – 1 + 2xn – (2n – 1)xn+1
2x 2 (1 − x n −1 )
= x+ − (2n − 1)x n +1
1− x
x
= [1 – x + 2x – 2xn – (2n – 1)xn + (2n – 1)xn+1]
1− x
x
⇒ S= [(2n – 1)xn+1 – (2n + 1)xn + 1 + x]
(1 − x ) 2
2 n
 2n + 1   2n + 1   2n + 1 
Thus   + 3  + ........ + (2n − 1)  
 2n − 1   2n − 1   2n − 1 

 2n + 1   2n − 1 
2   2n + 1 
n +1
 2n + 1 
n
2n + 1 
=    (2n − 1)   − (2n + 1)   +1+ 
 2n − 1   2    2n − 1   2n − 1  2n − 1 

4n 2 − 1 4n
= . = n(2n + 1) Ans.
4 2n − 1

Illustration 5. If a, b, c are positive real number such that a + b + c = 5 then maximum value of ab2c2 is
Solution Using A.M. ≥ G.M
b b c c
a+ + + + 2 2 1/5
2 2 2 2 ≥  ab c 
 
5  16 
⇒ ab2c2 ≤ 16
Hence greatest value of ab2c2 is 16 Ans.
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

ANSWER KEY

BEGINNER'S BOX-1

2 4 8 16 2 4 2 4
1. (a) , , , ,....... , (b) , , , ,....... ; 3. –(p + q) 4. 900
1 2 3 4 3 9 27 81

5. 14 6. 931 7. 45 8. C

BEGINNER'S BOX-2

1. 2 2. 15 4. (B) 5. (A)

1
6. (D) 7.
2

BEGINNER'S BOX-3
8 1   2n + 1  1
1. 4 +  1 − n −1  −   2. 3. 2
9 4   3 × 4 n −1  4

n(n + 3) n(n + 1)(2n + 3)

4. 5. 6. (D)
4 2
7. (B) 8. (D)

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20 E
MATHEMATICS
JEE (MAIN+ADVANCED)
NURTURE COURSE

EXERCISE
Sequence and Series
English Medium
JEE-Mathematics


SINGLE CHOICE CORRECT QUESTIONS

1. The maximum value of the sum of the A.P. 50, 48, 46, 44, .................... is -
(A) 325 (B) 648 (C) 650 (D) 652

th 1
2. Let Tr be the r term of an A.P. for r = 1, 2, 3, ........... If for some positive integers m, n we have Tm =
n
1
& Tn = , then Tmn equals -
m
1 1 1
(A) (B) + (C) 1 (D) 0
mn m n

3. The interior angles of a convex polygon are in AP. The smallest angle is 120° & the common difference is
5°. Find the number of sides of the polygon -
(A) 9 (B) 16 (C) 12 (D) None of these

4. The first term of an infinitely decreasing G.P. is unity and its sum is S. The sum of the squares of the terms
of the progression is -
S S2 S 2
(A) (B) (C) (D) S
2S − 1 2S − 1 2−S

1 3 7 15
5. The sum to n terms of the series, + + + + ..... is equal to :
2 4 8 16
(A) 2n − n − 1 (B) 1 − 2−n (C) 2−n + n − 1 (D) 2n − 1

6. Consider the ten numbers ar, ar2, ar3, .......... ar10. If their sum is 18 and the sum of their reciprocals is 6
then the product of these ten numbers, is
(A) 324 (B) 343 (C) 243 (D) 729

th th th
7. If the (m + 1) , (n +1) & (r + 1) terms of an AP are in GP & m, n, r are in HP, then the ratio of the
common difference to the first term of the AP is -
1 2 2
(A) (B) (C) − (D) None of these
n n n

8. The quadratic equation whose roots are the A.M. and H.M. between the roots of the equation,
JPR\COMP.251\Allen(IIT-JEE Wing)\B0BD–BE\Nurture\Mathematics\UNIT-1

2
2x – 3x + 5 = 0 is -
2 2
(A) 4x – 25x + 10 = 0 (B) 12x – 49x + 30 = 0
2 2
(C) 14x – 12x + 35 = 0 (D) 2x + 3x + 5 = 0

9. If the sum of the first n natural numbers is 1/5 times the sum of the their squares, then the value of n is -
(A) 5 (B) 6 (C) 7 (D) 8

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
1 1 1 1
10. If + + + = 0 and a, b, c are not in A.P., then -
a a − 2b c c − 2b
b b
(A) a, b, c are in G.P. (B) a, , c are in A.P. (C) a, ,c are in H.P. (D) a, 2b, c are in H.P.
2 2

n  s 
11. If ∑∑
s =1  r =1 
3 2
 r  = an + bn + cn , then find the value of a + b + c.

(A) 1 (B) 0 (C) 2 (D) 3

12. If for an A.P. a1 , a2 , a3 ,.... , an ,....

a1 + a3 + a5 = – 12 and a1 a2 a3 = 8
then the value of a2 + a4 + a6 equals
(A) – 12 (B) – 16 (C) – 18 (D) – 21

13. If the sum of the first 11 terms of an arithmetical progression equals that of the first 19 terms, then the sum
of its first 30 terms, is
(A) equal to 0 (B) equal to – 1 (C) equal to 1 (D) non unique

14. Consider a decreasing G.P. : g1, g2, g3, ...... gn ....... such that g1 + g2 + g3 = 13 and g12 + g 22 + g 32 = 91
then which of the following does not hold?
(A) The greatest term of the G.P. is 9. (B) 3g4 = g3
(C) g1 = 1 (D) g2 = 3

15. Consider an A.P. with first term ‘a’ and the common difference d. Let Sk denote the sum of the first K
S kx
terms. Let is independent of x, then -
Sx
(A) a = d/2 (B) a = d (C) a = 2d (D) none of these

16. If a, a1, a2,.....,a10, b are in A.P. and a, g1, g2,.....g10 , b are in G.P. and h is the H.M. between a and b, then
a1 + a 2 + ..... + a10 a 2 + a 3 + ..... + a 9 a + a6
+ + ....... + 5 is -
g1g10 g 2g 9 g5g6
10 15 30 5
(A) (B) (C) (D)
h h h h

17. The sum of the first 100 terms common to the series 17, 21, 25, ......... and 16, 21, 26, ...............is -
(A) 101100 (B) 111000 (C) 110010 (D) 100101
JPR\COMP.251\Allen(IIT-JEE Wing)\B0BD–BE\Nurture\Mathematics\UNIT-1

2 3 1 2 3
18. If a, b, c are positive such that ab c = 64 then least value of  + +  is -
a b c 
(A) 6 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 32

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JEE-Mathematics


SECTION - 1 : MULTIPLE CHOICE CORRECT QUESTIONS

∞ r
 9 
1. ∑
r =1
(2r − 1)   is equal to -
 11 
(A) 45 (B) 55
(C) sum of first nine natural numbers (D) sum of first ten natural numbers

2. For the A.P. given by a1, a2, ........, an, ......, with non-zero common difference, the equations satisfied are-
(A) a1 + 2a2 + a3 = 0 (B) a1 – 2a2 + a3 = 0
(C) a1 + 3a2 – 3a3 – a4 = 0 (D) a1 – 4a2 + 6a3 – 4a4 + a5 = 0

3. Let a1, a2, a3,........ and b1, b2, b3,........ be arithmetic progression such that a1 = 25, b1 = 75 and
a100 + b100 = 100, then -
(A) The common difference in progression 'ai' is equal but opposite in sign to the common difference in
progression 'bj'.
(B) an + bn = 100 for any n.

(C) (a1 + b1), (a2 + b2), (a3 + b3), ....... are in A.P.

100
(D) ∑ (a
r =1
r + br ) = 10 4

4. If the AM of two positive numbers be three times their geometric mean then the ratio of the numbers is -

( )
−2
(A) 3 ± 2 2 (B) 2 ±1 (C) 17 + 12 2 (D) 3 − 2 2

5. If the first and the (2n – 1)th terms of an A.P., G.P. and H.P. are positive and equal and their nth terms are
a, b, c respectively, then
2
(A) a = b = c (B) a ≥ b ≥ c (C) a + c = b (D) ac – b = 0

SECTION - 2 : COMPREHENSION BASED QUESTIONS

(SINGLE CHOICE CORRECT QUESTION)
Comprehension–1
Consider two different infinite geometric progressions with their sums S1 and S2 as
S1 = a + ar + ar2 + ar3 + ....... ∞ S2 = b + bR + bR2 + bR3 + ...... ∞
JPR\COMP.251\Allen(IIT-JEE Wing)\B0BD–BE\Nurture\Mathematics\UNIT-1

1
If S1 = S2 = 1, ar = bR and ar2 = then answer the following:
8
6. The sum of their common ratios is
1 3 3
(A) (B) (C) 1 (D)
2 4 2

7. The sum of their first terms is

(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) None of these

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
8. Common ratio of the first G.P. is
1 1− 5 5 −1 5 +1
(A) (B) (C) (D)
2 4 4 4

9. Common ratio of the second G.P. is

3+ 5 3− 5 1
(A) (B) (C) (D) None of these
4 4 2

Comprehension–2

If ai > 0, i = 1, 2, 3, ..... n and m1, m2, m3, ....., mn be positive rational numbers, then
 m1a1 + m 2 a 2 + ..... + m n a n  (m1 + m 2 + .... + m n)
( )
1/(m1 + m 2 + ..... mn )
m m m
  ≥ a1 1 a 2 2 .....a n n ≥
m1 m 2 m
 m + m + .... + m 
1 2 n + + ... + n
a1 a 2 an
is called weighted mean theorem

m1a1 + m 2 a 2 + .... + m n a n
where A* = = Weighted arithmetic mean
m1 + m 2 + .... + m n

( )
1/(m1 + m 2 + .... + mn )
G* = a1m1 a m mn
2 ....a n
2 = Weighted geometric mean

m1 + m 2 + ..... + m n
and H* = = Weighted harmonic mean
m1 m 2 mn
+ + ....
a1 a 2 an
i.e., A* ≥ G* ≥ H*
2 3
Now, let a + b + c = 5(a, b, c > 0) and x y = 243(x > 0, y > 0)

On the basis of above information, answer the following questions

3
10. The greatest value of ab c is -
(A) 3 (B) 9 (C) 27 (D) 81

11. Which statement is correct -

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
(A) ≥ (B) ≥ (C) ≥ (D) ≥
5 1 3 1 25 1 9 1 5 1 9 1 25 1 6 1
+ + + + + + + +
a b c a b c a b c a b c

2
12. The least value of x + 3y + 1 is -
(A) 15 (B) greater than 15 (C) 3 (D) less than 15
JPR\COMP.251\Allen(IIT-JEE Wing)\B0BD–BE\Nurture\Mathematics\UNIT-1

13. Which statement is correct -

2x + 3y 5 2x + 3y 5xy
(A) ≥ 3≥ (B) ≥3≥
5 3 2 5 3x + 2y
+
x y
2x + 3y 5xy 2x + 3y 5xy
(C) ≥ 3≥ (D) ≥ 3≥
5 3x + 4y 5 2x + 3y

E 5
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

SECTION - 1 : NUMERICAL ANSWER BASED QUESTIONS

th
1. The sum of n terms of two A.P.’s are in the ratio of (n + 7) : (3n + 11). The ratio of their 9 term is

2. The sum of the first nineteen terms of an A.P. a1, a2, a3 ....... if it is known that a4 + a8 + a12 + a16 = 224, is

th
3. There are n AM’s between 1 & 31 such that 7 mean : (n − 1)th mean = 5 : 9, then find the value of n.

4. Express the recurring decimal 0.1576 as a rational number using concept of infinite geometric series.

5. x1, x2 are the roots of the equation x2 – 3x + A = 0; x3 , x4 are roots of the equation x2 – 12x + B = 0,
such that x1, x2, x3, x4 form an increasing G.P., then find the value of A+B.

6. If the sum to first n terms of a series, the rth term of which is given by (2r + 1)2r can be expressed as
R(n · 2n) + S · 2n + T, then find the value of (R + S + T).

7. Let S be the set of integers which are divisible by 5, and let T be the set of integer which are divisible by 7.
Find the number of positive integers less than 1000 and not in (S ∪ T).
1
8. In a G.P., the ratio of the sum of the first eleven terms to the sum of the last eleven terms is and the
8
ratio of the sum of all the terms without the first nine to the sum of all the terms without the last nine is 2.
Find the number of terms in the G.P.

SECTION - 2 : MATRIX - MATCH QUESTIONS

Match the Column

Following questions contains statements given in two columns, which have to be matched. The statements
in Column-I are labelled as A, B, C and D while the statements in Column-II are labelled as p, q, r and s.
Any given statement in Column-I can have correct matching with ONE statement in Column-II.
9. Match the following column-I with Column-II

Column-I Column-II

(A) If ai's are in A.P. and a1 + a3 + a4 + a5 + a7 = 20, a4 is equal to (p) 21

Sum of an infinite G.P. is 6 and it's first term is 3. then harmonic

JPR\COMP.251\Allen(IIT-JEE Wing)\B0BD–BE\Nurture\Mathematics\UNIT-1

(B) (q) 4
mean of first and third terms of G.P. is
3 2
If roots of the equation x – ax + bx + 27= 0, are in G.P. with
(C) (r) 24
common ratio 2, then a + b is equal to
4 3 2
If the roots of x – 8x + ax + bx + 16 = 0 are positive real 6
(D) (s)
numbers then a is 5

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
10. Match the following column-I with Column-II

Column-I Column-II
th 2
(A) n term of the series 4, 11, 22, 37, 56, 79,....... (p) 2n +n

2 2 2 2 2
(B) |1 – 2 + 3 – 4 .......... 2n terms| is equal to (q) 2n + n + 1

2
(C) sum to n terms of the series 3, 7, 11, 15,....... is (r) (n + n)

 13 + 23 + 33 + ... + n 3  1 2
(D) 2  equals to (s) (n + n)
 1 + 2 + 3 + .... + n 2
 
JPR\COMP.251\Allen(IIT-JEE Wing)\B0BD–BE\Nurture\Mathematics\UNIT-1

E 7
JEE-Mathematics


SECTION - 1 : SINGLE CHOICE CORRECT QUESTIONS

1 1
1. The sum of the series : 1 + + + .... up to 10 terms, is : [JEE-MAIN ONLINE-2013]
1+ 2 1+ 2+ 3
22 18 20 16
(1) (2) (3) (4)
13 11 11 9

2
2. Given sum of the first n terms of an A. P. is 2n + 3n . Another A. P. is formed with the same first term and
double of the common difference, the sum of n terms of the new A. P. is : [JEE-MAIN ONLINE-2013]
2 2 2 2
(1) n + 4n (2) n + 4n (3) 3n + 2n (4) 6n – n

3 5 7
3. The sum 2
+ 2 2
+ + ..... upto 11-terms is : [JEE-MAIN ONLINE-2013]
1 1 +2 1 + 22 + 3 2
2

11 60 7 11
(1) (2) (3) (4)
4 11 2 2

4. If a1, a2, a3,...., an,..... are in A.P. such that a4 – a7 + a10 = m, then the sum of first 13 terms of this A.P., is
[JEE-MAIN ONLINE-2013]
(1) 15 m (2) 10 m (3) 12 m (4)13 m

2 2 2
5. The sum of the series : (2) + 2(4) + 3(6) +... upto 10 terms is : [JEE-MAIN ONLINE-2013]
(1) 11300 (2) 12100 (3) 12300 (4) 11200

2 2 2 2
6. The value of 1 + 3 + 5 + ...........+ 25 is : [JEE-MAIN ONLINE-2013]
(1) 1728 (2) 1456 (3) 2925 (4) 1469

3 5 7
7. If the sum 2
+ 2 2
+ + ..... + upto 20 terms is equal to , then k is equal to :
1 1 +2 1 + 22 + 3 2
2

[JEE-MAIN ONLINE-2014]
(1) 240 (2) 120 (3) 180 (4) 60

8. In a geometric progression of positive terms, if the ratio of the sum of first 5 terms to the sum of their
reciprocals is 49, and the sum of the first and the third term is 35. Then the first term of this geometric
progression is : [JEE-MAIN ONLINE-2014]
(1) 42 (2) 28 (3) 21 (4) 7
JPR\COMP.251\Allen(IIT-JEE Wing)\B0BD–BE\Nurture\Mathematics\UNIT-1

9. The sum of the first 20 terms common between the series 3 + 7 +11 +15 +.....and 1 + 6 + 11 +16
+....., is : [JEE-MAIN ONLINE-2014]
(1) 4220 (2) 4020 (3) 4000 (4) 4200
1 1
10. Let G be the geometric mean of two positive numbers a and b, and M be the arithmetic mean of and .
a b
1
If : G is 4 : 5 , then a : b can be : [JEE-MAIN ONLINE-2014]
M
(1) 2 : 3 (2) 1 : 4 (3) 1 : 2 (4) 3 : 4

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 Sequence and Series

11. If m is the A.M. of two distinct real numbers l and n (l, n> 1) and G1, G2 and G3 are three geometric means
between l and n, then G14 + 2G42 + G43 equals : [JEE-MAIN-2015]
2 2 2 2 2 2
(1) 4l mn (2) 4lm n (3) 4lmn (4) 4l m n

13 13 + 23 13 + 23 + 33
12. The sum of first 9 terms of the series + + + .... is : [JEE-MAIN 2015]
1 1+ 3 1+ 3 + 5
(1) 71 (2) 96 (3) 142 (4) 192

13. Let the sum of the first three terms of an A.P. be 39 and the sum of its last four terms be 178. If the first
term of this A.P. is 10, then the median of the A.P. is : [JEE-MAIN ONLINE - 2015]
(1) 29.5 (2) 31 (3) 28 (4) 26.5
30
14. The value of ∑ (r + 2) (r − 3) is equal to :
r =16
[JEE-MAIN ONLINE - 2015]

(1) 7770 (2) 7780 (3) 7785 (4) 7775

rd th
15. The sum of the 3 and the 4 terms of a G.P. is 60 and the product of its first three terms is 1000. If the
th
first term of this G.P. is positive, then its 7 term is : [JEE-MAIN ONLINE - 2015]
(1) 2430 (2) 7290 (3) 640 (4) 320

16. If the 2nd, 5th and 9th terms of a non-constant A.P. are in G.P., then the common ratio of this G.P. is :
[JEE-MAIN 2016]
8 4 7
(1) (2) (3) 1 (4)
5 3 4

3 4 5 3 3 3 3
17. Let x, y, z be positive real numbers such that x + y + z = 12 and x y z = (0.1) (600) . Then x + y + z
is equal to : [JEE-MAIN ONLINE - 2016]
(1) 270 (2) 258 (3) 216 (4) 342

18. Let a1, a2, a3,...., an, ....be in A.P. If a3 + a7 + a11 + a15 = 72, then the sum of its first 17 terms is equal to:
[JEE-MAIN ONLINE - 2016]
(1) 204 (2) 153 (3) 612 (4) 306

19. For any three positive real numbers a, b and c, 9(25a2+b2)+25(c2–3ac) = 15b(3a+c). Then :
[JEE-MAIN 2017]
(1) a, b and c are in A.P. (2) a, b and c are in G.P.
(3) b, c and a are in G.P. (4) b, c and a are in A.P.

a+b
20. If the arithmetic mean of two numbers a and b, a > b > 0, is five times their geometric mean, then
JPR\COMP.251\Allen(IIT-JEE Wing)\B0BD–BE\Nurture\Mathematics\UNIT-1

a−b
is equal to : [JEE-MAIN ONLINE - 2017]
5 6 6 7 3 3 2
(1) (2) (3) (4)
12 2 12 4

21. If the sum of the first n terms of the series 3 + 75 + 243 + 507 + ....is 435 3 , then n equals :
[JEE-MAIN ONLINE - 2017]
(1) 29 (2) 13 (3) 18 (4) 15

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JEE-Mathematics

1 1+ 2 1+ 2+ 3 1 + 2 + .... + n
22. Let Sn = 3
+ 3 3
+ 3 3 3
+ .........+ . If 100 Sn = n, then n is equal to :
1 1 +2 1 +2 +3 1 + 23 + .... + n 3
3

[JEE-MAIN ONLINE - 2017]

(1) 199 (2) 99 (3) 19 (4) 200

23. If three positive numbers a, b and c are in A.P. such that abc = 8, then the minimum possible value of b is
[JEE-MAIN ONLINE - 2017]
1 2
(1) 4 3 (2) 2 (3) 4 3 (4) 4

24. Let A be the sum of the first 20 terms and B be the sum of the first 40 terms of the series
12 + 2 ⋅ 22 + 32 + 2 ⋅ 4 2 + 5 2 + 2 ⋅ 6 2 + .....
If B – 2A = 100λ, then λ is equal to : [JEE-MAIN-2018]
(1) 232 (2) 248 (3) 464 (4) 496

25. If a, b and c be three distinct real numbers in G. P. and a + b + c = xb, then x cannot be :
[JEE-MAIN ONLINE-2019]
(1) 4 (2) –3 (3) –2 (4) 2

30 15
26. Let a1, a2,.........,a30 be an A. P., S = ∑
i =1
a i and T = ∑ a(
i =1
2i −1) . If a5 = 27 and S – 2T = 75, then a10 is

equal to : [JEE-MAIN ONLINE-2019]

(1) 57 (2) 47 (3) 42 (4) 52

27. The sum of the following series 1 + 6 +

(
9 12 + 22 + 32 ) + 12 (1 2
+ 22 + 3 2 + 4 2 ) + 15 (1 2
+ 22 + .... + 5 2 ) + ....
7 9 11
up to 15 terms, is : [JEE-MAIN ONLINE-2019]
(1) 7820 (2) 7830 (3) 7520 (4) 7510

28. Let a, b and c be the 7th, 11th and 13th terms respectively of a non-constant A.P. If these are also the three
a
consecutive terms of a G.P., then is equal to : [JEE-MAIN ONLINE-2019]
c
1 7
(1) (2) 4 (3) 2 (4)
2 13
27
29. The sum of an infinite geometric series with positive terms is 3 and the sum of the cubes of its terms is .
19
Then the common ratio of this series is : [JEE-MAIN ONLINE-2019]
4 2 2 1
(1) (2) (3) (4)
JPR\COMP.251\Allen(IIT-JEE Wing)\B0BD–BE\Nurture\Mathematics\UNIT-1

9 9 3 3

a3 a
30. Let a1, a2, ....., a10 be a G.P. If = 25 , then 9 equals : [JEE-MAIN ONLINE-2019]
a1 a5
(1) 2(52) (2) 4(52) (3) 54 (4) 53

31. If 19th term of a non-zero A.P. is zero, then its (49th term) : (29th term) is : [JEE-MAIN ONLINE-2019]
(1) 3 : 1 (2) 4 : 1 (3) 2 : 1 (4) 1 : 3

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 Sequence and Series

32. The product of three consecutive terms of a G.P. is 512. If 4 is added to each of the first and the second of
these terms, the three terms now from an A.P. Then the sum of the original three terms of the given G.P. is
[JEE-MAIN ONLINE-2019]
(1) 36 (2) 24 (3) 32 (4) 28

n(n − 7)
33. Let the sum of the first n terms of a non-constant A.P., a1, a2, a3, ..... be 50n + A , where A is a
2
constant. If d is the common difference of this A.P., then the ordered pair (d, a50) is equal to
[JEE-MAIN ONLINE-2019]
(1) (A, 50 + 46A) (2) (A, 50 + 45A) (3) (50, 50 + 46A) (4) (50, 50 + 45A)

34. If the sum and product of the first three term in an A.P. are 33 and 1155, respectively, then a value of its
th
11 term is :- [JEE-MAIN ONLINE-2019]
(1) –25 (2) 25 (3) –36 (4) –35

35. The sum

3 × 13
+
(
5 × 13 + 23 ) + 7 × (1 3
+ 23 + 3 3 ) + .......(10 terms)
2 2 2 2 2 2
1 1 +2 1 +2 +3
[JEE-MAIN ONLINE-2019]
(1) 660 (2) 620 (3) 680 (4) 600

36. If a1, a2, a3, ......, an are in A.P. and a1 + a4 + a7 + ...... + a16 = 114, then a1 + a6 + a11 + a16 is equal
to: [JEE-MAIN ONLINE-2019]
(1) 38 (2) 98 (3) 76 (4) 64

37. Let a1, a2, a3,......be an A. P. with a6 = 2. Then the common difference of this A. P., which maximises the
produce a1a4a5, is : [JEE-MAIN ONLINE-2019]
6 8 2 3
(1) (2) (3) (4)
5 5 3 2

38. Let Sn denote the sum of the first n terms of an A.P. If S4 = 16 and S6 = –48, then S10 is equal to :
[JEE-MAIN ONLINE-2019]
(1) –320 (2) –260 (3) –380 (4) –410

39. If a1, a2, a3,..... are in A.P. such that a1 + a7 + a16 = 40, then the sum of the first 15 terms of this A.P. is :
[JEE-MAIN ONLINE-2019]
(1) 200 (2) 280 (3) 120 (4) 150

3 1 4 th th
JPR\COMP.251\Allen(IIT-JEE Wing)\B0BD–BE\Nurture\Mathematics\UNIT-1

40. If the sum of the series 20 + 19 + 19 + 18 + .... upto n term is 488 and the n term is negative, then:
5 5 5
[JEE MAINS - ONLINE - 2020]
th 2 th
(1) n term is −4 (2) n = 41 (3) n term is –4 (4) n = 60
5

10 9 1 8 2 9 10 11
41. If 2 + 2 ·3 + 2 ·3 +....+ 2·3 + 3 = S–2 , then S is equal to : [JEE MAINS - ONLINE - 2020]
311 11 12 11 11
(1) + 210 (2) 3 –2 (3) 3 (4) 2·3
2

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JEE-Mathematics

42. If the sum of the first 20 terms of the series log x + log x + log x + ... is 460, then x is equal
(71/ 2 ) (71/ 3 ) (71/ 4 )
to : [JEE MAINS - ONLINE - 2020]
46/21 1/2 2 2
(1) 7 (2) 7 (3) e (4) 7

1/3 1/9 2 + 4 + 6 + .... + 2y 4

43. If for x, y ∈ R, x > 0, y = log10x + log10x + log10x + ...... upto ∞ terms and = ,
3 + 6 + 9 + .... + 3y log10 x
then the ordered pair (x, y) is equal to : [JEE MAINS - ONLINE - 2021]
6 4 2 6
(1) (10 , 6) (2) (10 , 6) (3) (10 , 3) (4) (10 , 9)

3 5 7
44. The sum of 10 terms of the series 2 2
+ 2 2
+ + .... is : [JEE MAINS - ONLINE - 2021]
1 ×2 2 ×3 3 × 42
2

120 99 143
(1) 1 (2) (3) (4)
121 100 144

x x
45. The minimum value of f(x) = a a + a1−a , where a, x ∈ R and a > 0, is equal to :
[JEE MAINS - ONLINE - 2021]
1
(1) 2a (2) 2 a (3) a + (4) a + 1
a
n
If {a i }i =1 where n is an even integer, is an arithmetic progression with common difference 1, and ∑ ai = 192,
n
46.
i =1
n/ 2
∑ a 2i = 120 , then n is equal to: [JEE MAINS - ONLINE - 2022]
i =1
(1) 48 (2) 96 (3) 92 (4) 104

47. Let x, y > 0. If x3y2 = 215, then the least value of 3x + 2y is [JEE MAINS - ONLINE - 2022]
(1) 30 (2) 32 (3) 36 (4) 40

48. The sum 1 + 2 · 3 + 3 · 32 + ..... + 10 · 39 is equal to [JEE MAINS - ONLINE - 2022]

2·312 + 10 19·310 + 1 9·310 + 1
(1) (2) (3) 5·310 − 2 (4)
4 4 2
1
49. Let A1, A2, A3, …… be an increasing geometric progression of positive real numbers. If A1 A 3 A 5 A 7 =
1296
7
and A 2 + A 4 = , then, the value of A6 + A8 + A10 is equal to [JEE MAINS - ONLINE - 2022]
36
(1) 33 (2) 37 (3) 43 (4) 47

50. If n arithmetic means are inserted between a and 100 such that the ratio of the first mean to the last mean
is 1 : 7 and a + n = 33, then the value of n is [JEE MAINS - ONLINE - 2022]
(1) 21 (2) 22 (3) 23 (4) 24
JPR\COMP.251\Allen(IIT-JEE Wing)\B0BD–BE\Nurture\Mathematics\UNIT-1

51. Let the first term a and the common ratio r of a geometric progression be positive integers. If the sum of its
squares of first three terms is 33033, then the sum of these three terms is equal to
(1) 231 (2) 210 (3) 220 (4) 241
[JEE MAINS - ONLINE - 2023]
1
52. If Sn = 4 + 11 + 21 + 34 + 50 + ….. to n terms, then (S29 − S9 ) is equal to :
60

[JEE MAINS - ONLINE - 2023]

(1) 226 (2) 220 (3) 223 (4) 227

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 Sequence and Series

SECTION - 2 : NUMERICAL ANSWER BASED QUESTIONS

7
n(n + 1)(2n + 1)
1. The sum, ∑
n =1
4
is equal to ________. [JEE-MAIN ONLINE-2020]

2. The number of terms common to the two A.P.'s 3, 7, 11, ....., 407 and 2, 9, 16, ....., 709 is ______.
[JEE-MAIN ONLINE-2020]
65
3. The sum of first four terms of a geometric progression (G.P.) is and the sum of their respective
12
65
reciprocals is . If the product of first three terms of the G.P. is 1, and the third term is α, then 2α
18
is _______. [JEE MAINS - ONLINE - 2021]

7 9 13 19
4. If S = + + + + .... , then 160 S is equal to ______. [JEE MAINS - ONLINE - 2021]
5 52 53 54

5. The sum of all those terms, of the arithmetic progression 3, 8, 13,…… 373, which are not divisible by 3, is
equal to ________. [JEE MAINS - ONLINE - 2023]

1
6. The 4th term of GP is 500 and its common ratio is , m ∈ N . Let Sn denote the sum of the first n terms of
m
1
this GP. If S6 > S5 + 1 and S7 < S6 + , then the number of possible values of m is ______
2
[JEE MAINS - ONLINE - 2023]
13 + 23 + 33 + …….upto n terms 9
7. If = , then the value of n is [JEE MAINS - ONLINE - 2023]
1 · 3 + 2 · 5 + 3 · 7 + …….upto n terms 5
JPR\COMP.251\Allen(IIT-JEE Wing)\B0BD–BE\Nurture\Mathematics\UNIT-1

E 13
JEE-Mathematics


SECTION - 1 : SINGLE CHOICE CORRECT QUESTIONS

1. The sum of first 20 terms of the sequence 0.7, 0.77, 0.777, ......, is : [JEE-MAIN 2013]
7 7 7 7
(1) (179 − 10 −20 ) (2) (99 − 10 −20 ) (3) (179 + 10 −20 ) (4) (99 − 10 −20 )
81 9 81 9

a1 + a 2 + ... + a p p3 a6
2. Let a1, a2, a3, ... be an A.P. such that = 3
; p ≠ q. Then is equal to :
a1 + a 2 + a 3 + ... + a q q a 21
[JEE-MAIN ONLINE - 2013]
121 11 121 41
(1) (2) (3) (4)
1861 41 1681 11

3. Given a sequence of 4 numbers, first three of which are in G.P. and the last three are in A.P. with common
difference six. If first and last terms of this sequence are equal, then the last term is :
[JEE-MAIN ONLINE - 2013]
(1) 8 (2) 16 (3) 2 (4) 4

4. Given an A.P. whose terms are all positive integers. The sum of its first nine terms is greater than 200 and
th
less than 220. If the second term in it is 12, then its 4 term is : [JEE-MAIN ONLINE - 2014]
(1) 20 (2) 16 (3) 8 (4) 24

2 2 2 1
5. The least positive integer n such that 1 − − − .... − n −1 < , is : [JEE-MAIN ONLINE - 2014]
3 32 3 100
(1) 7 (2) 4 (3) 5 (4) 6

6. The number of terms in an A.P. is even; the sum of the odd terms in it is 24 and that the even terms is 30.
1
If the last term exceeds the first term by 10 , then the number of terms in the A.P. is :
2
[JEE-MAIN ONLINE - 2014]
(1) 8 (2) 4 (3) 16 (4) 12

5 1 k
7. If Σ = , then k is equal to : [JEE-MAIN ONLINE - 2015]
n =1 n ( n + 1)( n + 2 )( n + 3 ) 3
17 1 55 19
(1) (2) (3) (4)
105 6 336 112

2 2 2 2
 3  2  1  4 16
JPR\COMP.251\Allen(IIT-JEE Wing)\B0BD–BE\Nurture\Mathematics\UNIT-1

8. If the sum of the first ten terms of the series  1  +  2  +  3  + 4 2 +  4  + ......... is m, then
 5  5  5  5 5
m is equal to : [JEE-MAIN 2016]
(1) 102 (2) 101 (3) 100 (4) 99

10
9. The sum ∑ (r
r =1
2
+ 1)× (r !) is equal to : [JEE-MAIN ONLINE - 2016]

(1) 101 × (10!) (2) (11)! (3) 10 × (11!) (4) 11 × (11!)

14 E
 Sequence and Series

12
10. Let a1, a2, a3, ....., a49 be in A. P. such that ∑a
k =0
4k +1 = 416 and a 9 + a 43 = 66 .

If a12 + a 22 + ..... + a17

2
= 140m , then m is equal to : [JEE-MAIN-2018]
(1) 66 (2) 68 (3) 34 (4) 33

11. The sum of all two digit positive numbers which when divided by 7 yield 2 or 5 as remainder is :
[JEE-MAIN ONLINE-2019]
(1) 1365 (2) 1256 (3) 1465 (4) 1356

12. Let x, y be positive real numbers and m, n positive integers. The maximum value of the expression
xm yn
is : [JEE-MAIN ONLINE-2019]
(1 + x 2m ) (1 + y 2n )
1 1 m+n
(1) (2) (3) (4) 1
2 4 6mn

1 + 2 + 3 + .... + k 5
13. Let Sk = . If S12 + S 22 + .... + S10
2
= A , then A is equal to :
k 12
[JEE-MAIN ONLINE-2019]
(1) 303 (2) 283 (3) 156 (4) 301

3 3 3 3
3  1  1  3
14. If the sum of the first 15 terms of the series   +  1  +  2  + 33 +  3  + .... is equal to 225 k,
 4   2  4   4
then k is equal to : [JEE-MAIN ONLINE-2019]
(1) 9 (2) 27 (3) 108 (4) 54

20
1
15. The sum ∑k 2
k =1
k
is equal to- [JEE-MAIN ONLINE-2019]

3 11 11 21
(1) 2 − 17
(2) 2 − 19
(3) 1 − 20
(4) 2 −
2 2 2 220

th
16. The sum of the series 1 + 2 × 3 + 3 × 5+4 × 7 +.... upto 11 term is : [JEE-MAIN ONLINE-2019]
(1) 915 (2) 946 (3) 945 (4) 916

13 + 23 13 + 23 + 33 13 + 23 + 33 + .... + 15 3 1
17. The sum 1 + + + .... + − (1 + 2 + 3 + .... + 15 )
1+ 2 1+ 2+ 3 1 + 2 + 3 + .... + 15 2
[JEE-MAIN ONLINE-2019]
JPR\COMP.251\Allen(IIT-JEE Wing)\B0BD–BE\Nurture\Mathematics\UNIT-1

(1) 1240 (2)1860 (3) 660 (4) 620

1
18. Five numbers are in A.P., whose sum is 25 and product is 2520. If one of these five numbers is − , then
2
the greatest number amongst them is : [JEE-MAIN ONLINE-2020]
21
(1) (2) 27 (3) 16 (4) 7
2

E 15
JEE-Mathematics

∞ ∞
π
19. If x = ∑
n =0
( −1)n tan 2n θ and y = ∑ cos
n =0
2n
θ , for 0 < θ <
4
, then : [JEE-MAIN ONLINE-2020]

(1) y(1 + x) = 1 (2) x(1 + y) = 1 (3) y(1 – x) = 1 (4) x(1 – y) = 1

2 sin 2α – 1 4 – 2 sin 2α
20. If 3 , 14 and 3 are the first three terms of an A.P. for some α, then the sixth term of this
A.P. is : [JEE MAINS - ONLINE - 2020]
(1) 66 (2) 65 (3) 81 (4) 78

21. If the sum of the second, third and fourth terms of a positive term G.P. is 3 and the sum of its sixth, seventh
and eighth terms is 243, then the sum of the first 50 terms of this G.P. is:
[JEE MAINS - ONLINE - 2020]
2 50 1 50 1 50 1 49
(1) (3 − 1) (2) (3 − 1) (3) (3 − 1) (4) (3 − 1)
13 26 13 26

22. The common difference of the A.P. b1, b2, ..., bm is 2 more than the common difference of A.P. a1, a2, ...,
an. If a40 = –159, a100 = –399 and b100 = a70, then b1 is equal to : [JEE MAINS - ONLINE - 2020]
(1) –127 (2) –81 (3) 81 (4) 127

∞
n 2 + 6n + 10
23. The sum of the series ∑
n =1
(2n + 1)!
is equal to : [JEE MAINS - ONLINE - 2021]

41 19 −1 41 19 −1 41 19 −1 41 19 −1
(1) e+ e − 10 (2) e− e − 10 (3) e+ e + 10 (4) − e+ e − 10
8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8

S 4n
24. Let Sn be the sum of the first n terms of an arithmetic progression. If S3n = 3S2n, then the value of is :
S 2n
[JEE MAINS - ONLINE - 2021]
(1) 6 (2) 4 (3) 2 (4) 8

∞
 2S n 1 
25. Let Sn = 1 · (n –1) + 2· (n – 2) + 3 · (n–3) +…. + (n –1) · 1 , n ≥ 4. The sum ∑ 
n=4
n!
−
( n − 2 ) ! 
is

equal to : [JEE MAINS - ONLINE - 2021]

e −1 e−2 e e
(1) (2) (3) (4)
3 6 3 6

1 1 1 K
26. If 10
+ 2 9
+ ... 10
= , then the remainder when K is divided by 6 is
2·3 2 ·3 2 ·3 2 ·310
10

[JEE MAINS - ONLINE - 2022]

(1) 1 (2) 2 (3) 3 (4) 5
JPR\COMP.251\Allen(IIT-JEE Wing)\B0BD–BE\Nurture\Mathematics\UNIT-1

∞
a
∑ 7nn
∞
27. Let {a n }n =0 be a sequence such that a0 = a1 = 0 and an+2 = 2an+1 – an + 1 for all n ≥ 0. Then, is
n= 2

equal to [JEE MAINS - ONLINE - 2022]

6 7 8 49
(1) (2) (3) (4)
343 216 343 216

16 E
 Sequence and Series

28. The sum of the first 20 terms of the series 5 +11 + 19+ 29 + 41 + ... is :

[JEE MAINS - ONLINE - 2023]

(1) 3450 (2) 3250 (3) 3420 (4) 3520

1 2 3
29. The sum to 10 terms of the series 2 4
+ 2 4
+ + .... is:-
1+1 +1 1+ 2 + 2 1 + 3 + 34
2

[JEE MAINS - ONLINE - 2023]

59 55 56 58
(1) (2) (3) (4)
111 111 111 111

n
30. Let an be the nth term of the series 5 + 8 + 14 + 23 + 35 + 50 + … and Sn = ∑a .
k =1
k Then

S30 – a40 is equal to : [JEE MAINS - ONLINE - 2023]

(1) 11310 (2) 11280 (3) 11290 (4) 11260

SECTION - 2 : NUMERICAL ANSWER BASED QUESTIONS

1 1 1
1. Let , a and b be in G.P. and , ,6 be in A.P., where a, b > 0. Then 72(a + b) is equal to ________.
16 a b
[JEE MAINS - ONLINE - 2021]

1 1 1 
log(0.25)  + + +.......upto ∞ 
 2 6 10   3 3 2 33  2
2. If the value of  1 + + 2 + 3 + ......upto ∞  is l, then l is equal to ________.
 3 3 3 
[JEE MAINS - ONLINE - 2021]

3. The greatest integer less than or equal to the sum of first 100 terms of the sequence
1 5 19 65
, , , ,.... is equal to [JEE MAINS - ONLINE - 2022]
3 9 27 81

10 10 10 10
4. Let A = ∑∑ min {i, j} and B = ∑∑ max {i, j} . Then A + B is equal to ________.
i =1 j=1 i =1 j=1

[JEE MAINS - ONLINE - 2022]

5. Let for n = 1, 2, ….., 50, Sn be the sum of the infinite geometric progression whose first term is n2 and
50
1 1  2 
whose common ratio is 2
. Then the value of + ∑  Sn + − n − 1  is equal to
( n + 1) 26 n =1  n +1 
JPR\COMP.251\Allen(IIT-JEE Wing)\B0BD–BE\Nurture\Mathematics\UNIT-1

[JEE MAINS - ONLINE - 2022]

E 17
JEE-Mathematics


1. Suppose four distinct positive numbers a1, a2, a3, a4 are in G.P. Let b1 = a1, b2 = b1 + a2, b3 = b2 + a3
and b4 = b3 + a4.
Statement–I– The numbers b1, b2, b3, b4 are neither in A.P. nor in G.P.
and
Statement–II– The numbers b1, b2, b3, b4 are in H.P. [JEE 2008, 3M, –1M]
(A) Statement-I is true, Statement-II is true ; Statement-II is correct explanation for Statement-I.
(B) Statement-I is true, Statement-II is true ; Statement-II is NOT a correct explanation for statement-I.
(C) Statement-I is true, Statement-II is false.
(D) Statement-I is false, Statement-II is true.

2
2. If the sum of first n terms of an A.P. is cn , then the sum of squares of these n terms is [JEE 2009, 3M]

(A)
(
n 4n 2 − 1 c 2 ) (B)
( )
n 4n 2 + 1 c 2
(C)
( )
n 4n 2 − 1 c 2
(D)
( )
n 4n 2 + 1 c 2
6 3 3 6

k −1
3. Let Sk, k = 1,2,......., 100, denote the sum of the infinite geometric series whose first term is and the
k!
100
100 2
∑ (k )
1 2
common ratio is . Then the value of + − 3k + 1 S k is [JEE 10, 3M]
k 100! k =1

4. Let a1, a2, a3, ....., a11 be real numbers satisfying a1 = 15, 27 – 2a2 > 0 and ak = 2ak–1 – ak–2 for k = 3, 4,
a12 + a 22 + .... + a11
2
a + a 2 + ... + a11
......, 11. If = 90 , then the value of 1 is equal to [JEE 10, 3M]
11 11

–5 –4 –3 8 10
5. The minimum value of the sum of real numbers a , a , 3a , 1, a and a with a > 0 is [JEE 2011,4]

p
6. Let a1,a2,a3,.........,a100 be an arithmetic progression with a1 = 3 and S p = ∑ a ,1 ≤ p ≤ 100 . For any
i =1
i

Sm
integer n with 1 < n < 20, let m = 5n. If does not depend on n, then a2 is [JEE 2011, 4]
Sn

7. Let a1, a2, a3, ..... be in harmonic progression with a1 = 5 and a20 = 25. The least positive integer n for
which an < 0 is [JEE 2012, 3 (–1)]
(A) 22 (B) 23 (C) 24 (D) 25
JPR\COMP.251\Allen(IIT-JEE Wing)\B0BD–BE\Nurture\Mathematics\UNIT-1

4n k(k +1)
8. Let S n = ∑k =1
(−1) 2 k2 . Then Sn can take value(s) [JEE-Advanced 2013, 4, (–1)]

(A) 1056 (B) 1088 (C) 1120 (D) 1332

9. A pack contains n cards numbered from 1 to n. Two consecutive numbered cards are removed from the
pack and the sum of the numbers on the remaining cards is 1224. If the smaller to the numbers on the
removed cards is k, then k – 20 = [JEE-Advanced 2013, 4, (–1)]

18 E
 Sequence and Series

10. Let the harmonic mean of two positive real number a and b be 4. If q is a positive real number such that a,
5, q, b is an arithmetic progression, then the value(s) of |q – a| is (are) [JEE-Advanced 2015, 2M]

11. Suppose that all the terms of an arithmetic progression (A. P.) are natural numbers. If the ratio of the sum
of the first seven terms to the sum of the first eleven terms is 6 : 11 and the seventh term lies in between
130 and 140, then the common difference of this A.P. is : [JEE-Advanced 2015]

12. Let bi > 1 for i = 1, 2, ........, 101. Suppose loge b1, loge b2, ...,loge b101 are in Arithmetic Progression (A.P.)
with the common difference loge2. Suppose a1, a2, ......., a101 are in A.P. such that a1 = b1 and a51 = b51.
If t = b1 + b2 + ...+ b51 and s = a1 + a2 + ... + a51, then [JEE-Advanced 2016]
(A) s > t and a101 > b101 (B) s > t and a101 < b101
(C) s < t and a101 > b101 (D) s < t and a101 < b101

13. The sides of a right angled triangle are in arithmetic progression. If the triangle has area 24, then what is
the length of its smallest side? [JEE-Advanced 2017]

14. Let X be the set consisting of the first 2018 terms of the arithmetic progression 1, 6, 11, ..., and Y be the set
consisting of the first 2018 terms of the arithmetic progression 9, 16, 23, ... . Then, the number of elements
in the set X ∪ Y is _____. [JEE-Advanced 2018]

15. Let AP(a; d) denote the set of all the terms of an infinite arithmetic progression with first term a and
common difference d > 0. If AP(1; 3) ∩ AP(2; 5) ∩ AP(3; 7) = AP(a; d) then a + d equals ________.
[JEE-Advanced 2019]
16. ( )
Let m be the minimum possible value of log 3 3y1 + 3y 2 + 3y 3 , where y1, y2, y3 are real numbers for
which y1 + y2 + y3 = 9. Let M be the maximum possible value of (log3x1 + log3x2 + log3x3), where x1, x2,
3 2
x3 are positive real numbers for which x1 + x2 + x3 = 9. Then the value of log2 (m ) + log3(M ) is ______.
[JEE Adv. - 2020]
17. Let a1, a2, a3, …..... be a sequence of positive integers in arithmetic progression with common difference 2.
Also, let b1, b2, b3, ....….. be a sequence of positive integers in geometric progression with common ratio 2.
If a1 = b1 = c, then the number of all possible values of c, for which the equality 2(a1 + a2 + …...... +an )
= b1 + b2 + ….. + bn holds for some positive integer n, is ______ . [JEE Adv. - 2020]

18. Let ℓ1, ℓ2, …., ℓ100 be consecutive terms of an arithmetic progression with common difference d1, and let
w1, w2, …., w100 be consecutive terms of another arithmetic progression with common difference d2,
where d1d2 = 10. For each i = 1, 2, …., 100, let Ri be a rectangle with length ℓi width wi and area Ai. If
A51 – A50 = 1000, then the value of A100 – A90 is _________. [JEE Adv. - 2022]
JPR\COMP.251\Allen(IIT-JEE Wing)\B0BD–BE\Nurture\Mathematics\UNIT-1

19. Let a1, a2, a3, …. be an arithmetic progression with a1 = 7 and common difference 8. Let T1, T2, T3, ….. be
such that T1 = 3 and Tn+1 – Tn = an for n ≥ 1. Then, which of the following is/are TRUE?
[JEE Adv. - 2022]
20 30
(A) T20 = 1604 (B) ∑ Tk = 10510 (C) T30 = 3454 (D) ∑ Tk = 35610
k =1 k =1

E 19
JEE-Mathematics


ANSWER KEY
EXERCISE-1

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
C C A B C C C B C D
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
A D A C A C A C

EXERCISE-2

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
AC BD ABCD CD BD C A D B C
11 12 13
C B B

EXERCISE-3
 Numerical 1. 12 : 31 2. 1064 3. 14
35
4. 5. 34 6. 4
222
7. 686 8. 38

 Match the Column 9. (A) → (q), (B) → (s), (C) → (p), (D) → (r)
10. (A) → (q), (B) → (p), (C) → (p), (D) → (r)

EXERCISE-4(A)

SECTION - 1 : SINGLE CHOICE CORRECT QUESTIONS

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
3 4 4 4 2 3 2 2 2 2
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
2 2 1 2 4 2 3 4 4 1
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
4 1 2 2 4 4 1 2 3 3
31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
1 4 1 1 1 3 2 1 1 3
41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50
JPR\COMP.251\Allen(IIT-JEE Wing)\B0BD–BE\Nurture\Mathematics\UNIT-1

3 4 4 2 2 2 4 2 3 3
51 52
1 3

SECTION - 2 : NUMERICAL ANSWER BASED QUESTIONS

1 2 3 4 5 6 7
504 14 3 305 9525 12 5

20 E
 Sequence and Series

EXERCISE-4(B)

SECTION - 1 : SINGLE CHOICE CORRECT QUESTIONS

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
3 3 1 1 4 1 3 2 3 3
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
4 2 1 2 2 2 4 3 3 1
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
2 2 2 1 1 4 2 4 2 3

SECTION - 2 : NUMERICAL ANSWER BASED QUESTIONS

1 2 3 4 5
14 3 98 1100 41651

EXERCISE-5

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
C C 3 0 8 9 or 3 D AD 5 2 or 5
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19
9 B 6 3748 157 8.00 1.00 18900 BC
JPR\COMP.251\Allen(IIT-JEE Wing)\B0BD–BE\Nurture\Mathematics\UNIT-1

E 21
 SINGLE CHOICE CORRECT QUESTIONS
1. The maximum value of the sum of the A.P. 50, 48, 46, 44, .................... is -
(A) 325 (B) 648 (C) 650 (D) 652
Ans. (C)
Sol. a = 50, d = –2
Tn 0
50 + (n – 1)(–2) 0 –2n + 2 – 50
–2n – 52 2n 52
n 26
26
S max 2 50 25 2 =13[100 – 50] = 650
2

1
2. Let Tr be the rth term of an A.P. for r = 1, 2, 3, ........... If for some positive integers m, n we have Tm
n
1
& Tn , then Tmn equals -
m

(A) (B) (C) 1 (D) 0

Ans. (C)
Sol. Let first term is a and common difference is d.
1
Tm = a + (m – 1)d = ... (1)
n
1
Tn = a + (n – 1)d = ... (2)
m
Tmn = a + (mn – 1)d = ?
Subtract (2) from (1).
m n 1 1 1 mn 1
d m n ; d and a ; Tmn 1
mn mn mn mn mn

3. The interior angles of a convex polygon are in AP . The smallest angle is 120° & the common difference is 5°.
Find the number of sides of the polygon -
(A) 9 (B) 16 (C) 12 (D) none of these
Ans. (A)
Sol. 120º, 125º, 130º, ..........., nth angle (term)
n
(n – 2) × 180º = [240° + (n – 1)5°]
2
360 (n – 2) = n(240 + 5n – 5)
360n – 720 = 235n + 5n2
5n2 – 125n + 720 = 0
n2 – 25n + 144 = 0
(n – 16)(n – 9) = 0
n = 16, n = 9
but at n = 16, polygon will be concave.
i.e. n = 9.

1
4. The first term of an infinitely decreasing G.P. is unity and its sum is S. The sum of the squares of the terms of
the progression is -

(A) (B) (C) (D) S2

Ans. (B)
Sol. 1, r, r2, r3, .........., (r < 1)
1 1
S r 1
1 r S
S = 12 + r2 + r4 + r6 + ............

1 1
S =
1 r2 S 1
2

1
S

S2 S2
S2 S2 1 2S 2S 1

1 3 7 15
5. The sum to n terms of the series, + + + +...... is equal to :
2 4 8 16
(A) 2n n 1 (B) 1 2 n (C) 2 n + n 1 (D) 2n 1
Ans. (C)
1 1 1
Sol. S = 1 1 1 .... up to n terms
2 4 8

1
1
1 1 1 1 2n n
=n– 1 ....up to n terms n 2 n 1
2 2 22 2 1
2
6. Consider the ten numbers
ar, ar2, ar3, .......... ar10.
If their sum is 18 and the sum of their reciprocals is 6 then the product of these ten numbers, is
(A) 324 (B) 343 (C) 243 (D) 729
Ans. (C)
ar(r 10 1)
Sol. Given = 18 ....(1)
r 1

1 1
1 10
ar r
Also 1 =6
1
r
1 (r 10 1) r
11
· =6
ar r 1
1 ar(r 10 1)
· =6 ....(2)
a 2 r 11 r 1
from (1) and (2)
1
· 18 = 6
2 11 a2r11 = 3
a r
now P = a10r55 = (a2r11)5 = 35 = 243 Ans.

2
7. If the (m + 1)th , (n +1)th & (r + 1)th terms of an AP are in GP & m, n, r are in HP, then the ratio of the
common difference to the first term of the AP is -

(A) (B) (C) (D) none of these

Ans. (C)
Sol. Let a and d are first term and common difference of an A.P. respectively.
Tm + 1 = a + md
Tn + 1 = a + nd
Tr + 1 = a + rd
(a + nd)2 = (a + md)(a + rd) (Given) ... (1)
2mr
n ... (2)
m r
From (1) & (2)
a
Let x
d
x2 + 2nx = x(m + r) + mr
mr n 2 mr n2
x x
2n m r 2mr
2n
n
mr n 2 n mr n 2
x n x
2n 2 2mr 2 mr n 2
n
x
2
d 2
i.e.
a n

8. The quadratic equation whose roots are the A.M. and H.M. between the roots of the equation,
2x2 – 3x + 5 = 0 is -
(A) 4x2 – 25x + 10 = 0 (B) 12x2 – 49x + 30 = 0 (C) 14x2 – 12x + 35 = 0 (D) 2x2 + 3x + 5 = 0
Ans. (B)
Sol. 2x2 – 3x + 5 = 0

3 5
Let roots are and then ,
2 2

3
1st roots A.M. of and
2 4

2 5 10
2nd root H.M. of and
3/ 2 3

3 10 9 40 49
Sum of roots are
4 3 12 12

3 10 5 30
Products of root are
4 3 2 12
Now equation is

49 30
x2 x 0
12 12
12x2 – 49x + 30 = 0

3
 1
9. If the sum of the first n natural numbers is times the sum of the their squares, then the value of n is -
5
(A) 5 (B) 6 (C) 7 (D) 8
Ans. (C)
1 2
Sol. (1 + 2 + 3 + ..... + n) (1 + 22 + 32 + .... + n2)
5
n n 1 1 n n 1 2n 1
2 5 6
15 = 2n + 1
2n = 14
n=7

10. If and a, b, c are not in A.P., then -

(A) a, b, c are in G.P. (B) a, are in A.P. (C) are in H.P. (D) a, 2b, c are in H.P.
Ans. (D)
1 1 1 1
Sol. 0
a a 2b c c 2b
and a, b, c are not in A.P.
1 1 1 1
0
a c 2b a 2b c
c 2b a c a 2b
0
a c 2b a 2b c

1 1
a c 2b 0
a c 2b c a 2b
but a+c 2b
1 1
Now a c 2b c 2b a
2bc – ac = ac – 2ab
2b(a + c) = 2ac
2ac
2b
a c
i.e. a, 2b, c are in H.P.

11. If , then find the value of a + b + c.

(A) 1 (B) 0 (C) 2 (D) 3

Ans. (A)
n S

Sol. r an 3 bn 2 cn
S 1 r 1

n n S S 1
1 2 3 ... r an 3 bn 2 cn ; an3 bn 2 cn
S 1 S 1 2

1 n n 1 2n 1 n n 1
an3 bn 2 cn
2 6 2
Now put n = 1
a+b+c=1

4
12. If for an A.P. a1 , a2 , a3 ,.... , an ,....
a1 + a3 + a5 = – 12 and a1 a2 a3 = 8
then the value of a2 + a4 + a6 equals
(A) – 12 (B) – 16 (C) – 18 (D) – 21
Ans. (D)
Sol. Let the 1st 5 terms of the A.P. are
a – 2d , a – d , a , a + d , a + 2d
now a1 + a3 + a5 = – 12
3a = – 12
a=–4
also a1. a2. a3 = 8
(a – 2d) ( a – d)a = 8
– 4 (– 4 – 2d) (– 4 – d) = 8 d=–3
Hence the A.P. is 2 , – 1 , – 4, – 7, – 10, – 13 ,......
Hence a2 + a4 + a6 = – 21 ]

13. If the sum of the first 11 terms of an arithmetical progression equals that of the first 19 terms, then the sum of
its first 30 terms, is
(A) equal to 0 (B) equal to – 1 (C) equal to 1 (D) non unique
Ans. (A)

Sol. [ 2a + 10d ] = [2a + 18d]

11 · 2 (a + 5d) = 19 · 2 (a + 9d)
11 a + 55 d = 19a + 171d
8a + 116d = 0
2a + 29d = 0
S30 = 0

14. Consider a decreasing G.P. : g1, g2, g3, ...... gn ....... such that g1 + g2 + g3 = 13 and g 12 g 22 g 32 = 91 then
which of the following does not hold?
(A) The greatest term of the G.P. is 9. (B) 3g4 = g3
(C) g1 = 1 (D) g2 = 3
Ans. (C)
a
Sol. Hint: G.P. : , a, ar, .........
r
1
a = 3 and r = or 3 (rejected)
3
1
G.P. is 9, 3, 1, , ...... C is not correct.
3

15. Consider an A.P. with first term ‘a’ and the common difference d. Let Sk denote the sum of the first K terms.

Let is independent of x, then -

(A) a = d/2 (B) a = d (C) a = 2d (D) none of these

Ans. (A)

kx
2a kx 1 d
S kx 2 2a k xd d 2a d k xd
Sol. k k
Sx x 2a xd d 2a d dx
2a x 1 d
2
2a = d
5
16. If a, a1, a2,.....,a10, b are in A.P. and a, g1, g2,.....g10 , b are in G.P. and h is the H.M. between a and b, then

is -

10 15 30 5
(A) (B) (C) (D)
h h h h
Ans. (C)
Sol. a1, a2, a3, ........ a10 are 10 A.M's between a and b.
g1, g2, g3 .......... g10 are 10 G.M's between a and b.
So a1 + a2 + .... + a10 = 5 (a + b)
a2 + .......... + a9 = 4 (a + b)
a3 + .......... + a8 = 3 (a + b)
a4 + .......... + a7 = 2(a + b)
a5 + a6 = (a + b)
and
g1g10 = g2g9 = g3g7 = ......... =g5g6 = ab
a1 a 2 .... a10 a2a3 .... a 9 a5 a6
......
g 1g 10 g 2g 9 g5g 6
5 a b 4 a b 3 a b 2 a b a b 15 a b
ab ab ab ab ab ab
2ab a b 2
Now h
a b ab h
15 a b 15 2 30
ab h h

17. The sum of the first 100 terms common to the series 17, 21, 25, ......... and 16, 21, 26, ...............is -
(A) 101100 (B) 111000 (C) 110010 (D) 100101
Ans. (A)
Sol. Common terms will also form an A.P.
21, 41, 61, .............., 100 terms
100
S100 42 99 20 = 50[42 + 1980] = 101100
2

18.
2 3
If a, b, c are positive such that ab c = 64 then least value of
FG IJ is -
H K
(A) 6 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 32
Ans. (C)
Sol. a, b, b, c, c, c are 6 numbers
6 6
a b b c c c
1 1 1 1 1 1
a b b c c c
6
6
a b2 c 3
1 2 3
a b c
1
6
64 6
1 2 3
a b c
1 2 3 6
a b c 2
1 2 3
3
a b c
6
 SECTION - 1 : MULTIPLE CHOICE CORRECT QUESTIONS

FG 9 IJ r
1.
r
r
H 11K is equal to -

(A) 45 (B) 55
(C) sum of first nine natural numbers (D) sum of first ten natural numbers
Ans. (AC)
r
9
Sol. 2r 1
r 1 11
2 3
9 9 9
S 1 3 5 ...........
11 11 11

2 3 4
9 9 9 9
S 1 3 5 ...........
11 11 11 11

2 3 4
9 9 9 9 9
S S 1 2 2 2 ...........
11 11 11 11 11

2 3 4
2S 9 9 9 9
2 ....
11 11 11 11 11

81
2S 9 121
2
11 11 9
1
11

2S 9 81 11
2
11 11 121 2
2S 9 81
11 11 11
2S = 90
S = 45

2. For the A.P. given by a1, a2, ........, an, ......, with non-zero common difference, the equations satisfied are-
(A) a1 + 2a2 + a3 = 0
(B) a1 – 2a2 + a3 = 0
(C) a1 + 3a2 – 3a3 – a4 = 0
(D) a1 – 4a2 + 6a3 – 4a4 + a5 = 0
Ans. (BD)
Sol. (B) a1 – 2a2 + a3 = a – 2a1 – 2d + a1 + 2d = 0
(D) a1 – 4a2 + 6a3 – 4a4 + a5 = (a1 + a5) – 4(a2 + a4) + 3(2a3)
Sum of equidistant term of an A.P. from starting & end is always constant.
= K – 4K + 3K = 0

7
3. Let a1, a2, a3,........ and b1, b2, b3, ........ be arithmetic progression such that a1 = 25, b1 = 75 and
a100 + b100 = 100, then -
(A) The common difference in progression 'ai' is equal but opposite in sign to the common difference in progression 'bj'.
(B) an + bn = 100 for any n.

(C) (a1 + b1), (a2 + b2), (a3 + b3), ....... are in A.P.

(D)

Ans. (ABCD)
Sol. a100 + b100 = 100
25 + 99d1 + 75 + 99d2 = 100
99d1 + 99d2 = 0
d 1 + d2 = 0
d1 = –d2
(A) Correct
(B) an + bn = a1 + (n – 1)d1 + b1 + (n – 1)d2
= a1 + b1 = 100 (Correct)
(C) Correct (as sum of corresponding terms of two AP's also form an AP)
(D) (a1 + b1) + (a2 + b2) + ..... + (a100 + b100)
4
= 100 × 100 = 10

4. If the AM of two positive numbers be three times their geometric mean then the ratio of the numbers is -

(A) (B) (C) (D)

Ans. (CD)
Sol. Let number are a and b.
a b
A.M. , G.M. ab
2
a b
3 ab ; a b 6 ab
2
a b
6
ab ab
a b
6
b a
a b 1
Let x then
b a x
1
x 6
x
2
x – 6x + 1 = 0
6 36 4 1 1
x
2 1
6 32 6 4 2
x
2 2
x 3 2 2

8
 a
3 2 2
b
a
9 8 12 2 17 12 2
b
but numbers are positive
a 2
17 12 2 3 2 2
b

5. If the first and the (2n – 1)th terms of an A.P., G.P. and H.P. are positive and equal and their nth terms are a, b,
c respectively, then
2
(A) a = b = c (B) a b c (C) a + c = b (D) ac – b = 0
Ans. (BD)
Sol. Since nth terms of the first (2n – 1) terms is the midle term,
a is the A.M. (A); b is the G.M. (G); c is the H.M. (H) of the series, whose first the last terms are equal.
2
We know that A G H and AH = G
2 2
a b c and ac = b ac – b = 0

SECTION - 2 : COMPREHENSION BASED QUESTIONS

(SINGLE CHOICE CORRECT QUESTION)

Comprehension–1

Consider two different infinite geometric progressions with their sums S1 and S2 as
S1 = a + ar + ar2 + ar3 + ..........
S2 = b + bR + bR2 + bR3 + ..........
1
If S1 = S2 = 1, ar = bR and ar2 = then answer the following:
8
6. The sum of their common ratios is
1 3 3
(A) (B) (C) 1 (D)
2 4 2
Ans. (C)

7. The sum of their first terms is

(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) none
Ans. (A)

8. Common ratio of the first G.P. is

1 1 5 5 1 5 1
(A) (B) (C) (D)
2 4 4 4
Ans. (D)

9. Common ratio of the second G.P. is

3 5 3 5 1
(A) (B) (C) (D) none
4 4 2
Ans. (B)
Sol. (6) Let the two GP's are
a ar ar2 .......... | r | < 1
b bR bR2 .......... | R | < 1

9
 a b
now =1 ; =1
1 r 1 R
a = 1 – r .....(1) and b = 1 – R ....(2)
also ar = bR ....(3)
1
and ar2 = ....(4)
8
(1) – (2) a–b=R–r
a+r=b+R
From (1), (2) and (3), ar = bR
(1 – r) r = (1 – R)R (substituting a and b for (1) and (2) in (3))
(r – R)(r + R) = r – R
r + R = 1 (as r R) Ans.
(Note : if r = R then a = b G.P. will become identical)
hence r + R = 1 ....(5)
hence (1) + (2) a + b = 2 – (r + R)
Sol. (7-9)
now, from (4)
8ar2 = 1
8(1 – r)r2 = 1
8r3 – 8r2 – 1 = 0
(2r – 1)(4r2 – 2r – 1) = 0 (as r 1/2 as in this case R will also be 1/2 which is not possible)
4r2 – 2r – 1 = 0
2 20 1 5 1 5
r= = or
8 4 4
1 5 1 5 3 5
If r= then R = 1 – = >1
4 4 4
1 5
hence r = is rejected
4
1 5
r= Ans.
4
1 5 3 5
and R=1– = Ans.
4 4
3 5 1 5
a=1–r= ;b=
4 4
a+b=1 Ans.

a+b=1 Ans.

10
Comprehension–2

If a i > 0, i = 1, 2, 3, ..... n and m 1, m 2 , m 3 , ....., m n be positive rational numbers, then

is called weighted mean theorem

where A* = = Weighted arithmetic mean

G* = = Weighted geometric mean

and H* = = Weighted harmonic mean

i.e., A* G* H*
2 3
Now, let a + b + c = 5(a, b, c > 0) and x y = 243(x > 0, y > 0)
On the basis of above information, answer the following questions
3
10. The greatest value of ab c is -
(A) 3 (B) 9 (C) 27 (D) 81
Ans. (C)
b b b
a c 3
3 3 3 b
Sol. 5 a c (AM GM)
5 3

a b c 5
ab 3 c
5 27
5
5 ab3 c
1
5
33 5

1
5
ab3 c 33 5

3
ab c 27

11. Which statement is correct -

(A) (B) (C) (D)

Ans. (C)
b b b
a c
3 3 3 5
Sol. (AM HM)
5 1 3 3 3 1
a b b b c
a b c 5
5 1 9 1
a b c
1 1
5 1 9 1
a b c

11
 2
12. The least value of x + 3y + 1 is -
(A) 15 (B) greater than 15 (C) 3 (D) less than 15
Ans. (B)

x2 y y y 1
Sol. 5
x2y3 1 (AM GM)
5

x2 3y 1 5
x2y3
5

x2 3y 1 5
243
5

x2 3y 1
3
5

x2 3y 1 15
2
but for distinct numbers x + 3y + 1 > 15.

13. Which statement is correct -

(A) 3 (B) 3

(C) 3 (D) 3
Ans. (B)
x x y y y 5
Sol.
5
x 2y3 (AM GM HM)
5 1 1 1 1 1
x x y y y

2x 3y 5
3
5 2 3
x y

2x 3y 5xy
3
5 3x 2y

12
 SECTION - 1 : NUMERICAL ANSWER BASED QUESTIONS

1. The sum of n terms of two A.P.’s are in the ratio of (n + 7) : (3n + 11). The ratio of their 9th term is
_________.
Ans. 12 : 31
n
2a1 n 1 d1
2 n 7
Sol. n 3n 11
2a 2 n 1 d2
2
n 1
a1 d1
2 n 7
n 1 3n 11
a2 d2
2

n 1
Put 8 n = 17
2
a1 8d 1 T9' 17 7 24 12
a2 8d 2 T9'' 3 17 11 62 31

2. The sum of the first nineteen terms of an A.P. a1, a2, a3 ....... if it is known that a4 + a8 + a12 + a16 = 224, is
______________.
Ans. 1064
Sol. a4 + a8 + a12 + a16 = 224
a1 + 3d + a1 + 7d + a1 + 11d + a1 + 15d = 224
4a1 + 36d = 224
2a1 + 18d = 112

19 19
Now S19 2a1 18d 112 = 19 × 56 = 1064
2 2

3. There are n AM’s between 1 & 31 such that 7th mean : (n 1)th mean = 5 : 9, then find the value of n.
Ans. 14
Sol. 1, A1, A2, ....., An , 31 in A.P.
A7 5 1 7d 5
An 1 9 1 (n 1)d 9
9 63d 5 5(n 1)d
4 68d 5nd
31 1 (n 1)d
30 = nd +d
nd = 30 – d
4 + 68 d = 150 – 5d
73 d = 146 d=2
n × 2 = 28 n = 14

13
4. Express the recurring decimal 0.1 as a rational number using concept of infinite geometric series .
35
Ans.
222
Sol. S 0.1576
0.1 0.0576
0.1 0.0576 0.0000576 0.0000000576 .... upto
576 576 576
0.1 .... upto
10 4 107 1010

576 576 576 576 1

0.1 1 .... 0.1
10 4 10 3 10 6 10 4 1 1
1000
576 576 999 35
0.1
9990 9990 222

5. x1, x2 are the roots of the equation x2 – 3x + A = 0; x3 , x4 are roots of the equation x2 – 12x + B = 0, such
that x1, x2, x3, x4 form an increasing G.P., then find the value of A+B.
Ans. 34
Sol. x1 + x2 = 3 x3 + x4 = 12
r2 (x1 + x2) = 12
r2 = 4 r = 2 (increasing G.P.)
x1 + 2x1 = 3 x1 = 1,
x2 = 2, x3 = 4, x4 = 8
A = x1x2 = 2; B = x3x4 = 32
A + B = 34

6. If the sum to first n terms of a series, the rth term of which is given by (2r + 1)2r can be expressed as
R(n · 2n) + S · 2n + T, then find the value of (R + S + T).
Ans. 4
Sol. Tn = (2n + 1) . 2r

Sn = = 3.2 + 5.22 + 7.23 + ... + (2n – 1) . 2n–1 + (2n + 1) . 2n

2Sn = 3.22 + 5.23 + ... + (2n – 3) . 2n–1 + (2n – 1) . 2n + (2n + 1) . 2n+1

Sn – 2Sn = 3.2 + 2.22 + 2.23 + ... + 2.2n – (2n + 1)2n+1
–Sn = 2 + 2[2 + 22 + 23 + ... + 2n] – (2n + 1) . 2n+1
–Sn = 2 + 2.2(2n – 1) – (2n + 1) + 2n+1
–Sn = 2.2n+1 – 2 – (2n + 1) . 2n+1
Sn = (2n + 1 – 2) . 2n+1 + 2
Sn = (2n – 1) . 2n+1 + 2 = 4(n + 2n) – 2 . (2n) + 2
R+S+T=4–2+2=4

7. Let S be the set of integers which are divisible by 5, and let T be the set of integer which are divisible by 7. Find
the number of positive integers less than 1000 and not in (S T).
Ans. 686
Sol. n(S T) = n(S) + n(T) – n(S T)

= 199 + 142 – (28)

= 341 – 28 = 313
Required result = 999 – 313 = 686

14
 1
8. In a G.P., the ratio of the sum of the first eleven terms to the sum of the last eleven terms is and the
8
ratio of the sum of all the terms without the first nine to the sum of all the terms without the last nine is 2. Find
the number of terms in the G.P.
Ans. (28)

r11 1
a
r 1 1
Sol. r 11
1 8
ar n 11
r 1

rn 11
8

ar 9
Also
a

n 11
(2) 9 8

2n 11
89

2n 11
227
n – 11 = 27
n = 38

15
 SECTION - 2 : MATRIX - MATCH QUESTIONS

Match the Column

Following questions contains statements given in two columns, which have to be matched. The statements in
Column-I are labelled as A, B, C and D while the statements in Column-II are labelled as p, q, r and s. Any given
statement in Column-I can have correct matching with ONE statement in Column-II.
9. Column-I Column-II
(A) If ai's are in A.P. and a1 + a3 + a4 + a5 + a7 = 20, a4 (p) 21
is equal to
(B) Sum of an infinite G.P. is 6 and it's first term is 3. (q) 4
then harmonic mean of first and third terms of G.P. is
(C) If roots of the equation x3 – ax2 + bx + 27= 0, are in G.P. (r) 24
with common ratio 2, then a + b is equal to
4 3 2
(D) If the roots of x – 8x + ax + bx + 16 = 0 are (s) 6/5
positive real numbers then a is
Ans. (A) – (q); (B) – (s); (C) – (p); (D) – (r)
Sol. (A) a1 + a1 + 2d + a1 + 3d + a1 + 4d + a1 + 6d = 20
5a1 + 15d = 20
a1 + 3d = 4
a4 = 4
a 3
(B) S 6; 1 r
1 r 6
1
r
2
3
T1 = 3, T3
4
3
2 3
H.M. 4 18 6
3 15 5
3
4
(C) Let roots are
3
, ,2 ; = – 27 = –3
2
3
Then Roots , 3, 6
2
3 21
3 6 a a
2 2
9 63
18 9 b b
2 2
42
a b 21
2
4 3 2
(D) x – 8x + ax + bx + 16 = 0
Roots are positive real numbers , , , .
+ + + =8
= 16

Now 2; 4
2
4
A.M. = G.M.
are equal.
=2
a
6 4
, , , 1
a = 24
16
10. Column-I Column-II
th 2
(A) n term of the series 4, 11, 22, 37, 56, 79,....... (p) 2n + n
2 2 2 2 2
(B) |1 – 2 + 3 – 4 .......... 2n terms| is equal to (q) 2n + n + 1
2
(C) sum to n terms of the series 3, 7, 11, 15,....... is (r) (n + n)

(D) 2 equals to (s)

Ans. (A) – (q); (B) – (p); (C) – (p); (D) – (r)

Sol. (A) Sn = 4 + 11 + 22 + 37 + 56 + 79 + ........ + tn
Sn = 4 + 11 + 22 + 37 + 56 + .........+ tn–1 + tn
– – – – – – – –
0 = 4 + [7 + 11 + 15 + 19 + ...... + (n – 1) terms] – tn

n 1
tn 4 14 n 2 4
2
tn = 4 + (n – 1) (7 + 2n – 4)
tn = 4 + (n – 1) (2n + 3)
2
tn = 4 + 2n + 3n – 2n – 3
2
tn = 2n + n + 1

2 2 2 2
(B) |1 – 2 + 3 – 4 + ..... + 2n term|
=|(1 – 2)(1 + 2) + (3 – 4)(3 + 4) + ....... 2n term|
=|–1[1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + ....... 2n term]|

2n 2n 1
2n 2 n
2
(C) 3, 7, 11, 15, .........n terms.
n
Sn 6 n 1 4 = n(3 + 2n – 2) = n(2n + 1)
2
2
Sn = 2n + n

(D) 2

2
= (n + n)

17
 SECTION - 1 : SINGLE CHOICE CORRECT QUESTIONS

1. The sum of the series : up to 10 terms, is : [JEE-MAIN ONLINE - 2013]

22 18 20 16
(1) (2) (3) (4)
13 11 11 9
Ans. (3)
1
Sol. Tn

2
2. Given sum of the first n terms of an A. P. is 2n + 3n . Another A. P. is formed with the same first term and
double of the common difference, the sum of n terms of the new A. P. is : [JEE-MAIN ONLINE - 2013]
2 2 2 2
(1) n + 4n (2) n + 4n (3) 3n + 2n (4) 6n – n
Ans. (4)
Sol.

T1 = 5, T2 = 11, T3 = 17.....
So AP. : 5, 11, 17.....

New AP : 5, 17, 29......

2
Sn= n[5 + 6(n–1)] = n(6n –1) = 6n –n

3. The sum upto 11-terms is : [JEE-MAIN ONLINE - 2013]

11 7 11
(1) (2) (3) (4)
4 11 2 2
Ans. (4)

Sol. Tn

18
4. If a1, a2, a3,...., an,..... are in A.P. such that a4 – a7 + a10 = m, then the sum of first 13 terms of this A.P.,
is : [JEE-MAIN ONLINE - 2013]
(1) 15 m (2) 10 m (3) 12 m (4)13 m
Ans. (4)
Sol. Let first term = a common diff. = d
an – a7 + a10 = m a + 6d = m
a7 = m

a13 =
2 2 2
5. The sum of the series : (2) + 2(4) + 3(6) +... upto 10 terms is : [JEE-MAIN ONLINE - 2013]
(1) 11300 (2) 12100 (3) 12300 (4) 11200
Ans. (2)
Sol.

2 2 2 2
6. The value of 1 + 3 + 5 + ...........+ 25 is : [JEE-MAIN ONLINE - 2013]
(1) 1728 (2) 1456 (3) 2925 (4) 1469
Ans. (3)
Sol.

k
7. If the sum upto 20 terms is equal to , then k is equal to :
21
[JEE-MAIN ONLINE - 2014]
(1) 240 (2) 120 (3) 180 (4) 60
Ans. (2)

Sol.

S20 =

19
8. In a geometric progression, if the ratio of the sum of first 5 terms to the sum of their reciprocals is 49, and
the sum of the first and the third term is 35. Then the first term of this geometric progression is :
[JEE-MAIN ONLINE - 2014]
(1) 42 (2) 28 (3) 21 (4) 7
Ans. (2)
Sol. Let ‘a’ be the first term and ‘r’ be the common ratio

, Let S 5 be the sum of their reciprocals then

a
S5
S5

2
and a + ar = 35
2
a(1 + r ) = 35
a+ 7= 35
a = 28

9. The sum of the first 20 terms common between the series 3 + 7 +11 +15 +.....and 1 + 6 + 11 +16 +.....,
is : [JEE-MAIN ONLINE - 2014]
(1) 4220 (2) 4020 (3) 4000 (4) 4200
Ans. (2)
Sol. First common term = 11, d1 = 4, d2 = 5
LCM = (d1, d2) = 20
So series of common term is S = 11, 31, 51, 71
S20 = 10[22 + (19)20] = 402 × 10 = 4020

1 1
10. Let G be the geometric mean of two positive numbers a and b, and M be the arthemetic mean of and .
a b
1
If : G is 4 : 5 , then a : b can be : [JEE-MAIN ONLINE - 2014]
M
(1) 2 : 3 (2) 1 : 4 (3) 1 : 2 (4) 3 : 4
Ans. (2)
Sol.

M=

2
Let ab = 4k a+b = 5k
1
a= 4k, k1 a:b=
4

20
11. If m is the A.M. of two distinct real numbers l and n (l, n> 1) and G1, G2 and G3 are three geometric means
between l and n, then equals : [JEE-MAIN 2015]
2 2 2 2 2 2
(1) 4l mn (2) 4lm n (3) 4lmn (4) 4l m n
Ans. (2)

Sol. = m,
2
3 1/4 2 2 1/4 3 1/4
G1 = (l n) , G2 = (l n ) , G3 = (ln )
2 2 2 3
= l n + 2l n + ln
2 2
= ln (l + n) = 4lnm

12. The sum of first 9 terms of the series is : [JEE-MAIN 2015]

(1) 71 (2) 96 (3) 142 (4) 192

Ans. (2)

Sol. Tn = = =
n2

1 2 2 2
= (2 + 3 .... + 10 )
4

1 1
= = × 384 = 96
4 4

13. Let the sum of the first three terms of an A.P. be 39 and the sum of its last four terms be 178. If the first term
of this A.P. is 10, then the median of the A.P. is : [JEE-MAIN ONLINE - 2015]
(1) 29.5 (2) 31 (3) 28 (4) 26.5
Ans. (1)
Sol. Let a be the first terms and ‘d’ the common diff of AP

3 4
and
2 2
2(2a + d) (2n – 2 – 3)= 178
2a + d(2n – 5)= 89
as a = 10 n = 14

AP is 10, 13 .....49 median =

2
median = 29.5

21
14. The value of is equal to : [JEE-MAIN ONLINE - 2015]

(1) 7770 (2) 7780 (3) 7785 (4) 7775

Ans. (2)

Sol. =

= 5.(31)61 – 5.8.31 – 15.31+15.8 – 90

rd th
15. The sum of the 3 and the 4 terms of a G.P. is 60 and the product of its first three terms is 1000. If the
th
first term of this G.P. is positive, then its 7 term is : [JEE-MAIN ONLINE - 2015]
(1) 2430 (2) 7290 (3) 640 (4) 320
Ans. (4)
2 3 2
Sol. a3 + a4 = 60 ar + ar = 60 ar (1+r) = 60
3
and (ar) = 1000 ar = 10 10.r(r+1) = 60
r(r+1) = 6 r=2 a=5
6
a7=5(2) = 320

16. If the 2nd, 5th and 9th terms of a non-constant A.P. are in G.P., then the common ratio of this G.P. is :
[JEE-MAIN 2016]
8 4 7
(1) (2) (3) 1 (4)
5 3 4
Ans. (B)
t5 t9 t9 t5 4d 4
Sol. r
t2 t5 t5 t2 3d 3

3 4 5 3 3 3 3
17. Let x, y, z be positive real numbers such that x + y + z = 12 and x y z = (0.1) (600) . Then x + y + z
is equal to : [JEE-MAIN ONLINE - 2016]
(1) 270 (2) 258 (3) 216 (4) 342
Ans. (3)
3 4 5 3
Sol. x + y + z = 12, x y z = (0.1) (600)

AM GM

3 4 5 3
xyz (60) (4×25) AM = GM

22
18. Let a1, a2, a3,...., an, ....be in A.P. If a3 + a7 + a11 + a15 = 72, then the sum of its first 17 terms is equal
to : [JEE-MAIN ONLINE - 2016]
(1) 204 (2) 153 (3) 612 (4) 306
Ans. (4)
Sol. Let common diff = d
then : a3 = a1 + 2d, a7 = a1 + 6d, a11 = a1 + 10d, a15 = a1 + 14d
a3 + a7 + a11 + a15 = 72
4a1 + 32d = 75
4[a1 + 8d] = 72
a1 + 8d = 18 ... (1)

17
also sum of first 17 terms = S [2a1 16d]
2
S17 = 17[a1 + 5d] ... (2)
from (1) & (2) we get S17 = 17(18) = 306.

19. For any three positive real numbers a, b and c 9(25a2+b2)+25(c2–3ac) = 15b(3a+c). Then :
[JEE-MAIN 2017]
(1) a, b and c are in A.P. (2) a, b and c are in G.P.
(3) b, c and a are in G.P. (4) b, c and a are in A.P.
Ans. (4)
2 2 2
Sol. 9(25a + b ) + 25(c – 3ac) = 15b(3a + c)
2 2 2
9 × 25a + 9b + 25c – 75ac = 45ab + 15bc
15a = x
3b = y
5c = z
2 2 2
x + y + z – xz – xz –yz = 0

z
x=y=z
15a = 3b = 5c =

a=

20. If the arithmetic mean of two numbers a and b, a > b > 0, is five times their geometric mean, then
is equal to : [JEE-MAIN ONLINE - 2017]

5 6 6 7 3 3 2
(1) (2) (3) (4)
12 2 12 4
Ans. (1)
a b
Sol. 5 ab a b 10 ab
2
2
(a + b) = 100 ab ... (1)
2 2
Also (a – b) = (a + b) – 4ab = 96 ab.
2 96(a b)2
(a – b) = (using eq. (1))
100
2
a b 100
a b 96
a b 10 5 5 6
= = = .
a b 4 6 2 6 12

23
21. If the sum of the first n terms of the series , then n equals :
[JEE-MAIN ONLINE - 2017]
(1) 29 (2) 13 (3) 18 (4) 15
Ans. (4)
Sol. 3 75 243 507 .... = Sn = 435 3

Sn = 3 1 25 81 69 ... 435 3

3(1 5 9 12 .... Tn ) 435 3

n
[2 (n 1)4] 435
2
2
4n – 2n – 870 = 0
1 59
n= n = 15
4

22. Let Sn = + + .........+ . If 100 Sn = n, then n is equal to :

[JEE-MAIN ONLINE - 2017]

(1) 199 (2) 99 (3) 19 (4) 200
Ans. (1)
n(n 1)
2 2
Sol. Tn = Tn =
n(n 1)
2 n(n 1)
2
(n 1) n 1 1
Tn = 2 = 2
n(n 1) n n 1
1 1 1 1 1
Sn = 2 1 ....
2 2 3 n n 1
1 n
Sn = 2 1 = 2
n 1 n 1
n
Also 200 n
n 1
n + 1 = 200
n = 199.

23. If three positive numbers a, b and c are in A.P. such that abc = 8, then the minimum possible value of b is
[JEE-MAIN ONLINE - 2017]
1 2
(1) 4 3 (2) 2 (3) 4 3 (4) 4
Ans. (2)
Sol. 2b = a + c and abc = 8
ac(a+c) = 16
2b = 4
bmin = 2

24
24. Let A be the sum of the first 20 terms and B be the sum of the first 40 terms of the series
12 2 22 32 2 4 2 5 2 2 6 2 .....
If B – 2A = 100 , then is equal to : [JEE-MAIN-2018]
(1) 232 (2) 248 (3) 464 (4) 496
Ans. (2)
Sol. S 2n = S 2n 12 2.22 32 2 4 2 .......... (2n terms)

S 2n = [ 12 22 32 .......... (2n terms)]

22 [12 22 32....... n 2 ]

2n(2n 1) (4n 1) n(n 1) (2n 1)

S 2n = 4
6 6
S 2n = n(2n 1)2
2 2
B – 2A = S40 – 2S20 = 20.41 – 2.10.21
= 20 412 212
= 20 · 20 · 62 = 100
= 248

25. If a, b and c be three distinct real numbers in G. P. and a + b + c = xb, then x cannot be :
[JEE-MAIN ONLINE-2019]
(1) 4 (2) –3 (3) –2 (4) 2
Ans. (4)

Sol. (|r| 1)

given a + b + c = xb
b/r + b + br = xb
b = 0 (not possible)

or
x – 1 > 2 or x – 1 < –2
x>3 or x < – 1
So x can't be '2'

26. Let a1, a2,.........,a30 be an A. P., S = and T = . If a5 = 27 and S – 2T = 75, then a10 is

equal to : [JEE-MAIN ONLINE-2019]

(1) 57 (2) 47 (3) 42 (4) 52
Ans. (4)
Sol. S = a1 + a2 + ...... + a30

S = 15(a1 + a30) = 15 (a1 + a1 + 29d)

T = a1 + a3 + ..... + a29
= (a1) + (a1 + 2d) ..... + (a1 + 28d)
= 15a1 + 2d(1 + 2 + ..... + 14)
T = 15a1 + 210 d
Now use S – 2T = 75
15 (2a1 + 29d) – 2 (15a1 + 210 d) = 75
d=5
Given a5 = 27 = a1 + 4d a1 = 7
Now a10 = a1 + 9d = 7 + 9 × 5 = 52
25
27. The sum of the follwing series up

to 15 terms, is : [JEE-MAIN ONLINE-2019]

(1) 7820 (2) 7830 (3) 7520 (4) 7510
Ans. (1)

Sol. Tn

3.
Tn

= 7820

28. Let a, b and c be the 7th, 11th and 13th terms respectively of a non-constant A.P. If these are also the three
a
consecutive terms of a G.P., then is equal to : [JEE-MAIN ONLINE-2019]
c
1 7
(1) (2) 4 (3) 2 (4)
2 13
Ans. (2)
Sol. a = A + 6d
b = A + 10d
c = A + 12d
a,b,c are in G.P.
(A + 10d)2 = (A + 6d) (a + 12d)

27
29. The sum of an infinite geometric series with positive terms is 3 and the sum of the cubes of its terms is
.
19
Then the common ratio of this series is : [JEE-MAIN ONLINE-2019]
4 2 2 1
(1) (2) (3) (4)
9 9 3 3
Ans. (3)
a
Sol. 3 ...(1)
1 r

a3 27 27(1 r)3 27
3 19 3 19
1 r 1 r
6r – 13r + 6 = 0
2

2
r as |r| < 1
3
26
 a3 a9
30. Let a1, a2, ....., a10 be a G.P. If , then equals : [JEE-MAIN ONLINE-2019]
a1 a5
(1) 2(52) (2) 4(52) (3) 54 (4) 53
Ans. (3)
Sol. a1, a2, ....., a10 are in G.P.,
Let the common ratio be r

a3 a1r 2
25 25 r2 = 25
a1 a1

a9 a1 r 8
r4 54
a5 a1r 4

31. If 19th term of a non-zero A.P. is zero, then its (49th term) : (29th term) is : [JEE-MAIN ONLINE-2019]
(1) 3 : 1 (2) 4 : 1 (3) 2 : 1 (4) 1 : 3
Ans. (1)
Sol. a + 18d = 0 ...(1)
a 48d 18d 48d 3
a 28d 18d 28d 1

32. The product of three consecutive terms of a G.P. is 512. If 4 is added to each of the first and the second of
these terms, the three terms now from an A.P. Then the sum of the original three terms of the given G.P. is
[JEE-MAIN ONLINE-2019]
(1) 36 (2) 24 (3) 32 (4) 28
Ans. (4)
a
Sol. Let terms are ,a,ar G.P
r
a3 = 512 a=8
8
4,12,8r A.P.
r
8
24 4 8r
r
1
r = 2, r
2
r = 2 (4, 8, 16)
1
r (16,8,4)
2
Sum = 28

27
33. Let the sum of the first n terms of a non-constant A.P., a1, a2, a3, ..... be , wherre A is a
2
constant. If d is the common difference of this A.P., then the ordered pair (d, a 50) is equal to
[JEE-MAIN ONLINE-2019]
(1*) (A, 50 + 46A) (2) (A, 50 + 45A) (3) (50, 50 + 46A) (4) (50, 50 + 45A)
Ans. (1)

Sol.
2

tn=

2
d = tn–tn–1 = (50 + (n–4)A) – (50 + (n–5)A
=A
a50 = a1 + 49d = s1+ 49 A

=
= 50 – 3A + 49A = 50 + 46 A

34. If the sum and product of the first three term in an A.P. are 33 and 1155, respectively, then a value of its
th
11 term is :- [JEE-MAIN ONLINE-2019]
(1*) –25 (2) 25 (3) –36 (4) –35

Ans. (1)
Sol. The terms be
a – d, a, a + d 3a = 33
a(a2 – d2) = 1155 a = 11
11(121 – d2) = 1155 d2 = 16
t11 = 7+10×4 = 47
or t11 = 15+10(–9) = –25

35. The sum [JEE-MAIN ONLINE-

2019]
(1*) 660 (2) 620 (3) 680 (4) 600
Ans. (1)

Sol.

28
36. If a1, a2, a3, ......, an are in A.P. and a1 + a4 + a7 + ...... + a16 = 114, then
a1 + a6 + a11 + a16 is equal to : [JEE-MAIN ONLINE-2019]
(1) 38 (2) 98 (3*) 76 (4) 64
Ans. (3)
Sol.
a1 + a16 = 38
a1 + a6 + a11+ a16 = 2(a1+a16) = 76

37. Let a1, a2, a3,......be an A. P. with a6 = 2. Then the common difference of this A. P., which maximises the
produce a1a4a5, is : [JEE-MAIN ONLINE-2019]
6 8 2 3
(1) (2*) (3) (4)
5 5 3 2
Ans. (2)
Sol. a6 = 2
a1 = 2 – 5d, a4 = 2 – 2d, a5 = 2 – d
a1a4a5 = (2 – 5d) (2 – 2d) (2 – d)
= 8 – 32d + 34d2 – 10d3
d
dt

maxima at d

38. Let Sn denote the sum of the first n terms of an A.P. If S4 = 16 and S6 = –48, then S10 is equal to :
[JEE-MAIN ONLINE-2019]
(1*) –320 (2) –260 (3) –380 (4) –410

Ans. (1)

Sol.

S10
10

S10 = –320

29
39. If a1, a 2, a3,..... are in A.P. such that a1 + a 7 + a 16 = 40, then the sum of the first 15 terms of this
A.P. is : [JEE-MAIN ONLINE-2019]
(1*) 200 (2) 280 (3) 120 (4) 150
Ans. (1)
Sol. Let common diff is 'd' then
a + (a + 6d) + (a + 15d) = 40
3(a + 7d) = 40

Now

th th
40. If the sum of the series upto n term is 488 and the n term is negative, then:

[JEE MAINS - ONLINE - 2020]

th th
(1) n term is (2) n = 41 (3) n term is –4 (4) n = 60

Official Ans. by NTA (3)

Sol.

n(100 – n + 1) = 488 × 5
2
n – 101n + 488 × 5 = 0
n = 61, 40

Tn = a + (n – 1)d =

= 20 – 24 = –4

10 9 1 8 2 9 10 11
41. If 2 + 2 ·3 + 2 ·3 +....+ 2·3 + 3 = S–2 , then S is equal to : [JEE MAINS - ONLINE - 2020]

311 11 12 11 11
(1) (2) 3 – 2 (3) 3 (4) 2·3
2
Official Ans. by NTA (3)

10 3
Sol. a=2 ;r= ; n = 11 (G.P.)
2

10
S' = (2 )
3
–1
2
11 11 11
S' = 3 – 2 =S–2 (Given)
11
S=3

30
42. If the sum of the first 20 terms of the series is 460, then x is equal

to : [JEE MAINS - ONLINE - 2020]

46/21 1/2 2 2
(1) 7 (2) 7 (3) e (4) 7
Official Ans. by NTA (4)
Sol. 460 = log7x · (2 + 3 + 4 + ..... + 20 + 21)

460 = log7 x ·

460 = 230 · log7x

log7x = 2
x = 49

1/3 1/9
43. If for x, y R, x > 0, y = log10x + log10x + log10x + ...... upto terms and ,

then the ordered pair (x, y) is equal to : [JEE MAINS - ONLINE - 2021]
6 4 2 6
(1) (10 , 6) (2) (10 , 6) (3) (10 , 3) (4) (10 , 9)
Official Ans. by NTA (4)
4
Sol.
6
log10x = 6 x = 10

Now,

6
So, (x,y) = (10 ,9)

44. The sum of 10 terms of the series is : [JEE MAINS - ONLINE - 2021]

120 99 143
(1) 1 (2) (3) (4)
121 100 144
Official Ans. by NTA (2)

Sol.

31
45. The minimum value of , where a, x R and a > 0, is equal to :
[JEE MAINS - ONLINE - 2021]

(1) 2a (2) 2 a (3) a (4) a + 1

a
Official Ans. by NTA (2)
Sol. A.M. G.M.

n
46. If a i
n
where n is an even integer, is an arithmetic progression with common difference 1, and ai =
i 1
i 1

n/2
192, a 2i 120 , then n is equal to: [JEE MAINS - ONLINE - 2022]
i 1

(1) 48 (2) 96 (3) 92 (4) 104

Official Ans. by NTA (B)
Allen Ans. (B)
n
n
Sol. ai 2a1 n 1 192
i 1 2

384
2a1 n 1 ——(1)
n
n/ 2
n n
a 2i 2a1 2 1 2 120
i 1 4 2

480
2a1 n ——(2)
n
From equation (2) and (1)
480 384
1
n n
n = 480 –384 = 96

47. Let x, y > 0. If x3y2 = 215, then the least value of 3x + 2y is [JEE MAINS - ONLINE - 2022]
(1) 30 (2) 32 (3) 36 (4) 40
Official Ans. by NTA (4)
Sol. Using AM GM
1
x x x y y
x 3 .y 2 5
5
1
3x 2y
215 5
5
(3x + 2y)min = 40

32
48. The sum 1 2·3 3 · 32 ..... 10 · 39 is equal to : [JEE MAINS - ONLINE - 2022]

2·312 10 19·310 1 9·310 1

(1) (2) (3) 5·310 2 (4)
4 4 2
Official Ans. by NTA (2)

Sol. S 1 · 30 2·31 3·32 ..... 10.39

3S 1·3 2.3 2....................... 9 39 10 310

2S (1·30 31 3 2.....39 ) 10.310

310 1
S 5 310
4

20.310 310 1 19.310 1

S =
4 4

49. Let A 1, A 2, A 3, …………..… be an increasing geometric progression of positive real numbers. If

1 7
A1 A 3 A 5 A 7 and A 2 A4 , then, the value of A6 + A8 + A10 is equal to
1296 36
[JEE MAINS - ONLINE - 2022]
(1) 33 (2) 37 (3) 43 (4) 47
Official Ans. by NTA (3)
1
Sol. A1 A 3 A 5 A 7
1296
4 1
A4
1296
1
A4 …(1)
6
7
A2 A4
36
1
A2 …(2)
36
A6 1
A8 6
A10 36
A6 A8 A10 43

33
50. If n arithmetic means are inserted between a and 100 such that the ratio of the first mean to the last mean is
1 : 7 and a + n = 33, then the value of n is [JEE MAINS - ONLINE - 2022]

(1) 21 (2) 22 (3) 23 (4) 24

Allen Ans. (3)

100 a
Sol. d
n 1
A1 a d

An 100 d

A1 1 a d 1
An 7 100 d 7

7a + 8d = 100

100 a
7a 8 100 ….(1)
n 1
a + n = 33 …(2)
Now, by Eq. (1) and (2)

7n 2 132n 667 0

29
n 23 and n reject.
7

51. Let the first term a and the common ratio r of a geometric progression be positive integers. If the sum of its
squares of first three terms is 33033, then the sum of these three terms is equal to :

(1) 231 (2) 210 (3) 220 (4) 241

51. Official Ans. by NTA (1)
Allen Ans. (1)
Sol. a2 + a2r2 + a2r4 = 33033
a2 (r4 + r2 + 1) = 3 × 7 × 112 × 13 a = 11
r4 + r2 + 1 = 273 r4 + r2 – 272 = 0
(r2 + 17) (r2 16) = 0 r2 = 16 r=±4
t1 + t2 + t3 = a + ar + ar = 11 + 44 + 176 = 231
2

34
52. If Sn = 4 + 11 + 21 + 34 + 50 + ….. to n terms, then is equal to

(1) 226 (2) 220 (3) 223 (4) 227

52. Official Ans. by NTA (3)

Allen Ans. (3)

Sol.

Let

By solving these 3 equations

So

SECTION - 2 : NUMERICAL ANSWER BASED QUESTIONS

1. The sum, is equal to ________. [JEE-MAIN ONLINE-2020]

4
NTA Ans. (504)
ALLEN Ans. (504.00)

1
Sol.
4

= 504
Ans. 504.00

35
2. The number of terms common to the two A.P.'s 3, 7, 11, ....., 407 and 2, 9, 16, ....., 709 is ______.
NTA Ans. (14) [JEE-MAIN ONLINE-2020]
ALLEN Ans. (14)
Sol. Common term are : 23, 51, 79, ..... Tn
Tn 407
23 + (n – 1)28 407
n 14.71
n = 14

65
3. The sum of first four terms of a geometric progression (G.P.) is and the sum of their respective reciprocals
12
65
is . If the product of first three terms of the G.P. is 1, and the third term is , then 2 is _______.
18
[JEE MAINS - ONLINE - 2021]
Official Ans. by NTA (3)
2 3
Sol. Let number are a, ar, ar , ar

a ...(1)

....(2)
ar 3

(1) 2 3 3
a r =
(2) 2
3 3
and a .r = 1
ar = 1

2 3
(ar) .r =
2
3 2
r= ,a=
2 3

2
So, third term = ar =

3
=
2
2 =3

36
4. If , then 160 S is equal to ______. [JEE MAINS - ONLINE - 2021]

Official Ans. by NTA (305)

Sol.

5
On subtracting

160S = 5 × 61 = 305

5. The sum of all those terms, of the arithmetic progression 3, 8, 13,…… 373, which are not divisible by 3, is
equal to ________.
5. Official Ans. by NTA (9525)
Allen Ans. (9525)
Required sum = (3 + 8 + 13 + 18 + ……… + 373) – (3 + 18 + 33 + …… + 363)
75 25
3 373 3 363
2 2
= 75 × 188 – 25 × 183
= 9525
1
6. The 4th term of GP is 500 and its common ratio is , m N . Let Sn denote the sum of the first n terms
m
1
of this GP. If S6 > S5 + 1 and S7 < S6 + , then the number of possible values of m is ______
2
[SEQUENCE AND SERIES]
Official Ans. by NTA (12)
Allen Ans. (12)
Sol. T4 = 500 where a = first term,
1
r = common ratio = ,m N
m
ar3 = 500
a
500
m3
Sn – Sn–1 = arn–1
1
S6 S5 1 and S7 –S6 <
2

37
 a 1
S6 – S 5 1
m6 2

ar 5 1 m3 > 103

500
1 m > 10 ……(2)
m2
m2 < 500 …….(1)
From (1) and (2)
m = 11, 12, 13…………..,22
So number of possible values of m is 12

13 23 3 .upto n terms 9
7. If = , then the value of n is
1· 3 2· 5 3·7 .upto n terms 5
[SEQUENCE AND SERIES]
Official Ans. by NTA (5)
Allen Ans. (5)
2
n(n 1)
Sol. 13 23 33..... n3
2
n n
1 · 3 + 2 · 5 + 3 · 7 + ….… + n terms = r (2r 1) = 2r 2 r
r 1 r 1

2 · n(n 1) (2n 1) n(n 1)

=
6 2
n(n 1)
= 2(2n 1) 3
6
n(n 1) (4n 5)
=
2 3

n 2 (n 1)2
4 9
= n(n 1) (4n 5) =
5
2 3

5n(n 1) 9(4n 5)
=
2 3
15n (n + 1) = 18 (4n + 5)
15n2 + 15n = 72n + 90
15n2 – 57n – 90 = 0 5n2 – 19n – 30 = 0
(n 5)(5n 6) 0

6
n= or 5
5
n = 5.

38
 SECTION - 1 : SINGLE CHOICE CORRECT QUESTIONS

1. The sum of first 20 terms of the sequence 0.7, 0.77, 0.777, ......, is : [JEE-MAIN 2013]
7 20 7 20 7 20 7 20
(1) (179 10 ) (2) (99 10 ) (3) (179 10 ) (4) (99 10 )
81 9 81 9
Ans. (3)
7 77 777
Sol. S .....
10 100 1000

7 10 1 100 1 1000 1
S ....
9 10 100 1000

7 1 1 10 20
20
9 10 9 /10

7 1 20 7 20
20 1 10 = (179 10 )
9 9 81

3
a6
2. Let a1, a2, a3, ... be an A.P. such that ;p q. Then is equal to :
q a 21
[JEE-MAIN ONLINE - 2013]
121 11 121 41
(1) (2) (3) (4)
1861 41 1681 11
Ans. (3)
p
Sol. 2

and
2

p = 11 and q = 21

a6

39
3. Given a sequence of 4 numbers, first three of which are in G.P. and the last three are in A.P. with common
difference six. If first and last terms of this sequence are equal, then the last term is :
[JEE-MAIN ONLINE - 2013]
(1) 8 (2) 16 (3) 2 (4) 4
Ans. (1)

Sol. Let term be

2 2
2ar = a(r+1) 2r = r+1

2
2r – 2r + r – 1 r= ,1

4. Given an A.P. whose terms are all positive integers. The sum of its first nine terms is greater than 200 and
th
less than 220. If the second term in it is 12, then its 4 term is : [JEE-MAIN ONLINE - 2014]
(1) 20 (2) 16 (3) 8 (4) 24
Ans. (1)
Sol. Let AP a, a+ d, a+2d.....
9
a2 = a+d = 12, S9 =
2
200 < S9 < 220
200 < 9 (a+4d) < 220

, a I, d I

a + 4d I
a + 4d 23 or 24
but a + d = 12

or d = 4 I

a4 = 8 + 3(4) = 20

5. The least positive integer n such that , is : [JEE-MAIN ONLINE - 2014]

(1) 7 (2) 4 (3) 5 (4) 6

Ans. (4)

Sol.

n–1>4 n>5 n=6

40
6. The number of terms in an A.P. is even; the sum of the odd terms in it is 24 and that the even terms is 30.
1
If the last term exceeds the first term by 10 , then the number of terms in the A.P. is :
2
[JEE-MAIN ONLINE-2014]
(1) 8 (2) 4 (3) 16 (4) 12
Ans. (1)
Sol. Let no. of terms = 2n
Which are a, (a+d), (a+2d) .......a+(2n–1)d

(which Sn is sum of even term) and

Total term = 2n = 8

7. If , then k is equal to : [JEE-MAIN ONLINE - 2015]

17 1 55 19
(1) (2) (3) (4)
105 6 336 112
Ans. (3)

Sol. Tn

S5

55
k=
336

2 2 2 2
3 2 1 4 16
8. If the sum of the first ten terms of the series 1 2 3 42 4 m, then m
......... is
5 5 5 5 5
is equal to : [JEE-MAIN 2016]
(1) 102 (2) 101 (3) 100 (4) 99
Ans. (2)
2 2 2
8 12 16
Sol. ......10 terms
5 5 5
1 2
8 122 16 2 .....10 term
25
42 2
2 32 42 .....10 term
25
16 2
1 22 ....... 112 1
25
16 11 12 23 16
1 505
25 6 25
16 16
505 m m = 101
25 5

41
9. The sum is equal to : [JEE-MAIN ONLINE - 2016]

(1) 101 × (10!) (2) (11)! (3) 10 × (11!) (4) 11 × (11!)

Ans. (3)

Sol.

= 10(11!) Ans.

12
10. Let a1, a2, a3, ....., a49 be in A. P. such that a 4k 1 416 and a a 43 66 . If
9
k 0

a12 a 22 2
..... a17 140m , then m is equal to : [JEE-MAIN-2018]
(1) 66 (2) 68 (3) 34 (4) 33
Ans. (3)
Sol. a1 + a5 + ........ a49 = 416
13
[2a + 12 × 4d] = 416
2

a 24d 32
a + 8d + a 42d = 66
a 25d 33

d 1

a 8

24 2549 7 8 15
82 92 ........ 24 2 = –
6 6
= 4900 – 140
= 4760 = 140
= 34

11. The sum of all two digit positive numbers which when divided by 7 yield 2 or 5 as remainder is :
[JEE-MAIN ONLINE-2019]
(1) 1365 (2) 1256 (3) 1465 (4) 1356
Ans. (4)

Sol. =
2
= 7 × 90 + 24 = 654

Total = 654 + 702 = 1356

42
12. Let x, y be positive real numbers and m, n positive integers. The maximum value of the expression
x m yn
is : [JEE-MAIN ONLINE-2019]

1 1
(1) (2) (3) (4) 1
2 4 6mn
Ans. (2)

Sol.

using AM > GM

13. Let Sk = . If , then A is equal to : [JEE-MAIN ONLINE-2019]

k
(1) 303 (2) 283 (3) 156 (4) 301
Ans. (1)

Sol. SK

, A = 303

14. If the sum of the first 15 tems of the series is equal to 225 k, then

k is equal to : [JEE-MAIN ONLINE-2019]

(1) 9 (2) 27 (3) 108 (4) 54
Ans. (2)

Sol. S = +............15 term

27 27
= = .
64 64

= 225 K (Given in question)

K = 27

43
15. The sum is equal to- [JEE-MAIN ONLINE-2019]

(1) 2 (2*) 2 (3) 1 (4) 2

Ans. (2)

Sol.

S= .......
2
S 1 2 19 20
....... 20
2 22 23
2 221

2
11
S=2–
219

th
16. The sum of the series 1 + 2 × 3 + 3 × 5+4 × 7 +.... upto 11 term is :- [JEE-MAIN ONLINE-2019]
(1) 915 (2*) 946 (3) 945 (4) 916

Ans. (2)
Sol. 1 + 2.3 + 3.5 + 4.7 +....... T11
Tn = n(2n – 1)
= 2n2 – n

= 11.4. 23 – 66
= 11.2 (46 – 3)
= 11.2.(43)
= 11.86 = 946

44
17. The sum

[JEE-MAIN ONLINE-2019]
(1) 1240 (2)1860 (3) 660 (4*) 620

Sol.

Required sum =

18. Five numbers are in A.P., whose sum is 25 and product is 2520. If one of these five numbers is , then
the greatest number amongst them is : [JEE-MAIN ONLINE-2020]
21
(1) (2) 27 (3) 16 (4) 7
2
NTA Ans. (3)
ALLEN Ans. (3)
Sol. Let the A.P is
a – 2d, a – d, a, a + d, a + 2d
sum = 25 a=5
Product = 2520
2 2
(25 – 4d ) (25 –d ) = 504
4 2
4d – 125d + 121 = 0

2 121
d = 1,
4

d = ±1 is rejected because none of the term can be .

2
11
d=±
2
21
AP will be –6, , 5, ,16
2
Largest term is 16.

45
19. If and , for 0 , then : [JEE-MAIN ONLINE-2020]

(1) y(1 + x) = 1 (2) x(1 + y) = 1 (3) y(1 – x) = 1 (4) x(1 – y) = 1

NTA Ans. (3)
ALLEN Ans. (3)

2 4
Sol. = 1 – tan + tan + ....

2
x = cos

2 4
y = 1 + cos + cos + .....

y(1 – x) = 1

2 sin 2 – 1 4 – 2 sin 2
20. If 3 , 14 and 3 are the first three terms of an A.P. for some , then the sixth term of this A.P.
is : [JEE MAINS - ONLINE - 2020]
(1) 66 (2) 65 (3) 81 (4) 78
Official Ans. by NTA (1)
Sol. Given that
4 – sin 2 2 sin 2 – 1
3 +3 = 28
2 sin 2
Let 3 =t
81 t
+ = 28
t 3
t = 81, 3
2 sin 2 1 4
3 =3,3
2sin 2 = 1, 4
1
sin 2 = , 2 (rejected)
2
2 sin 2 –1
First term a = 3
a=1
Second term = 14
common difference d = 13
T6 = a + 5d
T6 = 1 + 5 × 13
T6 = 66

46
21. If the sum of the second, third and fourth terms of a positive term G.P. is 3 and the sum of its sixth, seventh
and eighth terms is 243, then the sum of the first 50 terms of this G.P. is :
[JEE MAINS - ONLINE - 2020]
2 1 1 1
(1) (2) (3) (4)
13 26 13 26
Official Ans. by NTA (2)
Sol. Let first term = a > 0
Common ratio = r > 0
2 3
ar + ar + ar = 3 ....(i)
5 6 7
ar + ar + ar = 243 ....(ii)
4 2 3
r (ar + ar + ar ) = 243
4
r (3) = 243 r = 3 as r > 0
from (1)
3a + 9a + 27a = 3

1
a=
13

1 50
S50 = = (3 – 1)
26

22. The common difference of the A.P. b1, b2, ..., bm is 2 more than the common difference of A.P. a1, a2, ...,
an. If a40 = –159, a100 = –399 and b100 = a70, then b1 is equal to : [JEE MAINS - ONLINE - 2020]
(1) –127 (2) –81 (3) 81 (4) 127
Official Ans. by NTA (2)
Sol. a1, a2, ..., an (CD = d)
b1, b2, ..., bm (CD = d + 2)
a40 = a + 39d = –159 ...(1)
a100 = a + 99d = –399 ...(2)
Subtract : 60d = –240 d = –4
using equation (1)
a + 39(–4) = –159
a = 156 – 159 = –3
a70 = a + 69d = –3 + 69(–4) = –279 = b100
b100 = –279
b1 + 99(d + 2) = –279
b1 – 198 = –279 b1 = –81

47
23. The sum of the series is equal to : [JEE MAINS - ONLINE - 2021]

(1) (2) (3) (4)

Official Ans. by NTA (2)

Sol. Tn

Now,

48
 S4n
24. Let Sn be the sum of the first n terms of an arithmetic progression. If S3n = 3S2n, then the value of is :
S 2n
[JEE MAINS - ONLINE - 2021]
(1) 6 (2) 4 (3) 2 (4) 8

Official Ans. by NTA (1)

Sol. Let a be first term and d be common diff. of this A.P.
Given S3n = 3S2n

2a + (3n – 1)d = 4a + (4n – 2)d

2a + (n – 1)d = 0

4n
S
Now 4n
S 2n
2

25. Let Sn = 1 · (n –1) + 2· (n – 2) + 3 · (n–3) +…. + (n –1) · 1 , n 4. The sum is equal

to : [JEE MAINS - ONLINE - 2021]

e 1 e 2 e e
(1) (2) (3) (4)
3 6 3 6
Official Ans. by NTA (1)

Sol. Let Tr = r (n – r)
2
Tr = nr – r

Sn =

n. n n 1 n n 1 2n 1
Sn =
2 6
n n 1 n 1
Sn
6

Now

49
 1 1 1 K
26. If 10 2 9
... 10 , then the remainder when K is divided by 6 is
2·3 2 ·3 2 ·3 2 ·310
10

[JEE MAINS - ONLINE - 2022]

(1) 1 (2) 2 (3) 3 (4) 5
Official Ans. by NTA (4)
1 1 1 1 K
Sol. 10 2 9 3 8
..... 10
2·3 2 ·3 2 ·3 2 ·3 2 ·310
10

K = 29 + 28 · 3 + 27 · 32 + ..... + 39
10
3
29 1
2
= 310 210
3
1
2
Now, 310 – 210 = (35 – 25)(35 + 25)
= (211)(275)
= (35 × 6 + 1)(45 × 6 + 5)
=6 +5
Remainder is 5.

an
27. Let a n be a sequence such that a0 = a1 = 0 and an + 2 = 2an+1 – an + 1 for all n e” 0. Then, n
n 27
n 0

is equal to [JEE MAINS - ONLINE - 2022]

6 7 8 49
(1) (2) (3) (4)
343 216 343 216
Allen Ans. (2)
Sol. a2 = 1, a3 = 3 a4 = 6

n(n 1)
an
2
n(n 1)
S
n 2 2(7 n )

1 3 6 10 15
S 2 3 4 5
......
7 7 7 7 75
S 1 3 6 10
3 4 5
...
7 7 7 7 76
S 1 2 3 4
6 2 3 4
...
7 7 7 7 75
S 1 2 3
6 2 3 4 +...
7 7 7 75

S 6 1 1 1 / 72
6 ...
7 7 72 73 1 1/ 7

50
 S 1
6 6
72 7 6

7 7
S 3
6 216
Alternate
an+2 = 2an+1 – an +1
an 2 2 an 1 1 an 1
n 2 7 7n 1 49 7 n
7 7n 2

an 2 2 an 1 1 an 1
n 2 7 n 2 7n 1 49 n 2 7n n 2
n 27 n 27

an
Let n
p
n 27

a2 a3 2 a2 1 1 / 74
p p p
7 2
7 3 7 7 2 49 1
1
7
a2 = 1, a3 = 3
1 3 2 2 p 1
p p 3
49 343 7 7 49 6.7 3
7
p
216

28. The sum of the first 20 terms of the series 5 +11 + 19+ 29 + 41 + ... is :
[2023]
(1) 3450 (2) 3250 (3) 3420 (4) 3520

Official Ans. by NTA (4)

Allen Ans. (4)
Sol. S20 = 5 + 11 + 19 + 29 +…….
Let Tr = ar2 + br + c
T1 = a+ b +c = 5
T2 = 4a +2b + c = 11
T3 = 9a + 3b +c = 19
a = 1, b = 3, c = 1

Hence S20 =

51
 1 2 3
29. The sum to 10 terms of the series .... is:-
1 12 14 1 22 24 1 32 34

59 55 56 58
(1) (2) (3) (4)
111 111 111 111
[2023]
Official Ans. by NTA (2)
Allen Ans. (2)

(r 2 r 1) (r 2 r 1)
Sol. Tr = 4 2
2(r r 1)

1 1 1
Tr = 2 2
2 r r 1 r r 1

1 1 1
T1 =
2 1 3

1 1 1
T2 =
2 3 7

1 1 1
T3 =
2 7 13

1 1 1
T10 =
2 91 111

10
1 1 55
Tr 1
r 1 2 111 111

30. Let an be the nth term of the series 5 + 8 + 14 + 23 + 35 + 50 + … and Then S30 – a40 is equal

to : [2023]
(1) 11310 (2) 11280 (3) 11290 (4) 11260

30. Official Ans. by NTA (3)

Allen Ans. (3)

Sol. Sn = 5 + 8 + 14 + 23 + …. + Tn

Sn = 5 + 8 + 14 + …… + Tn–1 + Tn
– –

Tn = 5 + (3 + 6 + 9 + …. to (n – 1) terms)

Tn = 5 + (6 + (n – 2) 3) = 5 + (n – 1) n

52
 Tn = (3n2 – 3n + 10) = an

Sn =

Sn =

S30 = 13635 & a40 = 2345

SECTION - 2 : NUMERICAL ANSWER BASED QUESTIONS

1 1 1
1. Let , a and b be in G.P. and , ,6 be in A.P., where a, b > 0. Then 72(a + b) is equal to ________.
16 a b
[JEE MAINS - ONLINE - 2021]
Official Ans by NTA (14 )

Sol. a2 = 2

8a 2 a

a2 a
1
a

1
b = 16a2 =
9
72 (a + b) = 6 + 8 = 14

53
 2
2. If the value of is l, then l is equal to ________.

[JEE MAINS - ONLINE - 2021]

Official Ans. by NTA (3)

Sol.

– – – –
________________________

Now log 0.25

2
=3

1 5 19 65
3. The greatest integer less than or equal to the sum of first 100 terms of the sequence , , , ,.... is
3 9 27 81
equal to [JEE MAINS - ONLINE - 2022]
Official Ans. by NTA (98)
Allen Ans. (98)
1 5 19 65
Sol. ....
3 9 27 81

2 4 8 16
1 1 1 1 ....100 terms
3 9 27 81

2
2 2
100 ....
3 3

100
2 2
1
3 3
100
2
1
3
54
 100
2
100 2 1
3

100
2
S 98 2
3
[S] = 98

10 10 10 10
4. Let A min i, j and B max i, j . Then A + B is equal to ______.
i 1j 1 i 1j 1

[JEE MAINS - ONLINE - 2022]

Official Ans. by NTA (1100)

10 10
Sol. A min i, j
i 1j 1

10 10
B max i, j
i 1j 1

10
A min(i,1) min(j, 2) ...min(i,10)
j 1

(1 1 1 ... 1) (2 2 2... 2) (3 3 3... 3)

+ ... (1) 1 times
19 times 17 times 15 times

10
B max(i,1) max(j, 2) ...max(i,10)
j 1

(10 10 ... 10) (9 9 ... 9)

+...+1 1 times
19 times 17 times

A + B = 20(1 + 2 + 3 + ... +10)

10 11
= 20 = 10 × 110 = 1100
2

55
5. Let for n = 1, 2, ….., 50, Sn be the sum of the infinite geometric progression whose first term is n2 and whose
1 50
1 2
common ratio is 2
. Then the value of Sn n 1 is equal to
n 1 26 n 1 n 1
[JEE MAINS - ONLINE - 2022]
Allen Ans. (41651)

n2 n(n 1)2
Sn
Sol. 1 (n 2)
1
(n 1)2

n(n 2 2n 1)
Sn
(n 2)

n[n(n 2) 1]
Sn
(n 2)

1
Sn n n
n 2

n 2 2
Sn n2
(n 2)

2
Sn n2 1
(n 2)
50
1 1 1
Now (n 2 n) 2
26 n 1 n 2 n 1

1 50 51 101 50 51 1 1
2
26 6 2 52 2

= 41651

56
1. Suppose four distinct positive numbers a1, a2, a3, a4 are in G.P. Let b1 = a1, b2 = b1 + a2, b3 = b2 + a3 and b4 = b3 + a4.
Statement–I– The numbers b1, b2, b3, b4 are neither in A.P. nor in G.P.
and
Statement–II– The numbers b1, b2, b3, b4 are in H.P. [JEE 2008, 3M, –1M]
(A) Statement-I is true, Statement-II is true ; Statement-II is correct explanation for Statement-I.
(B) Statement-I is true, Statement-II is true ; Statement-II is NOT a correct explanation for statement-I.
(C) Statement-I is true, Statement-II is false.
(D) Statement-I is false, Statement-II is true.
Ans. (C)
a1 a2 a1 a1 a1
Sol. a1, a2, a3 are in AP, GP, HP if a a 3 = a1 , a 2 , a 3 respectively
2
(a1, a2, a3 must be distinct)

2
2. If the sum of first n terms of an A.P. is cn , then the sum of squares of these n terms is
[JEE 2009, 3M, –1M]

(A) (B) (C) (D)

6 3
Ans. (C)
2
Sol. Sn = cn
2 2
Sn–1 = c(n – 1) = cn + c – 2 cn
Tn = 2cn – c
2 2 2 2 2 2
Tn = (2cn – c) = 4c n + c – 4c n

2 4c 2 .n(n 1)(2n 1) 2 2
Sum = Tn = + nc – 2c n (n + 1)
6
2c 2 n(n 1)(2n 1) 3nc 2 6c 2 n(n 1)
=
3
nc 2 [4n 2 6n 2 3 6n 6] nc 2 (4n 2 1)
= =
3 3

*3. Let Sk, k = 1,2,......., 100, denote the sum of the infinite geometric series whose first term is and the

100 2
common ratio is . Then the value of k is [JEE 10, 3M]
100!
Ans. (3)
1
Sol. Sk =
(k – 1)!
100 100
(k 2 – 3k 1) S k = 1 + 1 1 1 1
Now – =3– –
k 2 k 3 (k – 3) ! (k – 1) ! 98! 99!
100
100 2 2
(k 2 – 3k 1) S k = 100 + 3 – 1 – 1
+ =3
100! k 1 100! 98! 99.98!

57
*4. Let a1,a2,a3,.........,a11 be real numbers satisfying
a1 = 15, 27 – 2a2 > 0 and ak = 2ak–1 – ak–2 for k = 3,4,........,11.

If , then the value of is equal to [JEE 10, 3M]

Ans. (0)
Sol. a1 = 15

ak ak 2
= ak–1 for k = 3, 4, ...., 11
2
a1 , a2 , ......., a11 are in AP
a1 = a = 15

a12 a 22 ..... a 2n
= 90
11

(15)2 (15 d)2 .... (15 10d)

= 90
11
2
9d + 30d + 27 = 0

9
d = – 3 or –
7
Since 27 – 2a2 > 0

27
a2 < d=–3
2

a1 a2 .... a11 11 [30 10( 3)]

= =0
11 2 11

–5 –4 –3 8 10
5. The minimum value of the sum of real numbers a , a , 3a , 1, a and a with a > 0 is
[JEE 2011,4]
Ans. 8
Sol. As a > 0
and all the given terms are positive
hence considering A.M. > G.M. for given numbers :

5 4 3 1
a a a a 3 a 3
a8 a10
a 5 .a 4 .a 3 .a 3 .a 3 .a 8 .a10 7
7

5 4 3
a a a a 3 a 3
a8 a10
1
7

5 4 3
a a 3a a8 a10 = 7
min
–5 –4 –3 8 10
where a = a = a = a = a i.e. a = 1
–5 –4 –3 8 10
(a + a + 3a + a + a + 1)min = 8 when a = 1

58
 p
6. Let a1,a2,a3,.........,a100 be an arithmetic progression with a1 = 3 and S p a i ,1 p 100 . For any integer
i 1

n with 1 < n < 20, let m = 5n. If does not depend on n, then a2 is [JEE 2011, 4]

Ans. 9 or 3
(Comment : The information about the common difference i.e. zero or non-zero is not given in the question.
Hence there are two possible answers)
Sol. Consider d 0 the solution is
a1, a 2, a 3, ............, a100 AP
p

a1 = 3 ; Sp = ai 1 n 20
i 1

m = 5n
m
[2a1 (m 1)d]
Sm 2
Sn n
[2a1 (n 1)d]
2
Sm 5[(2a1 d) 5nd]
Sn [(2a1 d) nd]

for to be independent of n

2a1 – d = 0
d = 2a1 d = 6 a2 = 9
If d = 0 a2 = a1 = 3

7. Let a1, a2, a3, ..... be in harmonic progression with a1 = 5 and a20 = 25. The least positive integer n for which
an < 0 is [JEE 2012, 3 (–1)]
(A) 22 (B) 23 (C) 24 (D) 25
Ans. (D)
1 1 1
Sol. a1,a2,a3...........be in H.P , , .... be in A.P.
a1 a 2 a 3

1 1 1 1
in A.P. T1 and T20
a1 5 a 20 25
T20 = T1 + 19d
1 1 4
19d d
25 5 19 25
Tn = T1 + (n – 1)d < 0
1 (n 1).4 1 4(n 1)
0
5 19 25 5 25 19
5 19
1 n
4
99
n
4
least positive integer n is 25.

59
*8. Let . Then Sn can take value(s) [JEE-Advanced 2013, 4, (–1)]

(A) 1056 (B) 1088 (C) 1120 (D) 1332

Ans. (A,D)
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Sol. Sn = –1 – 2 + 3 + 4 – 5 – 6 + 7 + 8 .........
2 2 2 2
Sn = (3 – 1 ) + (4 – 2 ) + ............
2(4n)(4n 1)
Sn = 2(1 + 2 + 3 +........ + 4n)
2
Sn 4n 4n 1
Sn = 4n(4n + 1) = 1056 is possible when n = 8
4n (4n + 1) = 1088 not possible
4n(4n + 1) = 1120 not possible
4n(4n + 1) = 1332 possible when n = 9.

*9. A pack contains n cards numbered from 1 to n. Two consecutive numbered cards are removed from the
pack and the sum of the numbers on the remaining cards is 1224. If the smaller to the numbers on the
removed cards is k, then k – 20 = [JEE-Advanced 2013, 4, (–1)]
Ans. 5
Sol. When 1 and 2 are removed from numbers 1 to n then we get maximum possible sum of remaining numbers
and when n –1,n are removed then we get minimum possible sum of remaining numbers.
n(n 1) n n 1
2n 1 1224 3
2 2
n 2 n 2454 0 n 50
2
n 50
n 3n 2446 0 n 50
Now let x and x + 1 be two consecutive numbers
50 50 1
x x 1 1224
2
x = 25
th th
25 and 26 cards are removed from pack
k = 25 k – 20 = 5

10. Let the harmonic mean of two positive real number a and b be 4. If q is a positive real number such that a, 5,
q, b is an arithmetic progression, then the value(s) of |q – a| is (are) [JEE-Advanced 2015, 2M]
Ans. 2 or 5

Sol. ...(1)

a ;

15 = 2a + b ...(2)

5
2
a = 6, b = 3 6, 5, 4, 3 |q – a| = |4 – 6| = 2
5 5 15
a = 10, b = , 5, ,0 |q – a| = |10 – 5| = 5
2 2 2

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11. Suppose that all the terms of an arithmetic progression (A. P.) are natural numbers. If the ratio of the sum of the
first seven terms to the sum of the first eleven terms is 6 : 11 and the seventh term lies in between 130 and 140,
then the common difference of this A.P. is [JEE-Advanced 2015]
Ans. (9)
7
[2 a 6d]
2 6
Sol.
11 11
[2a 10d]
2
7(2a + 6d) = 6(2a + 10d)
2a = 18d
a = 9d
T7 = a + 6d = 15 d (d N)
Now 130 < 15d < 140
d=9

12. Let bi > 1 for i = 1, 2, ..., 101. Suppose loge b1, loge b2, ...,loge b101 are in Arithmetic Progression (A.P.) with the
common difference loge2. Suppose a1, a2, ..., a101 are in A.P. such that a1 = b1 and a51 = b51. If t = b1 + b2
+ ...+ b51 and s = a1 + a2 + ... + a51, then [JEE-Advanced 2016]
(A) s > t and a101 > b101 (B) s > t and a101 < b101
(C) s < t and a101 > b101 (D) s < t and a101 < b101
Ans. (B)

Sol.

a1 = b1, a51 = b51

t = b1 + b2 .....+ b51
2 50
t = b1[1 + 2 + 2 ..... 2 ]
51
t = (2 – 1)b1
51 51
s = a1 + a2 + ...a51 = =
2 2

s= 1
2

s4 s > t

100

13. The sides of a right angled triangle are in arithmetic progression. If the triangle has area 24, then what is the
length of its smallest side? [JEE-Advanced 2017]
Ans. (6)
Sol. Sides are – d, , + d
2 2 2
(a – d) + = ( + d)
2 2
d = –3 2 –2 d± +2 d
2
( – d) = 48 = 4 d, d = 0
4d(3d) = 48 = 4d
2
d = 4, d = 2, = 8
As = 6
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14. Let X be the set consisting of the first 2018 terms of the arithmetic progression 1, 6, 11, ..., and Y be the set
consisting of the first 2018 terms of the arithmetic progression 9, 16, 23, ... . Then, the number of elements in
the set X Y is _____. [JEE-Advanced 2018]
Ans. (3748)
Sol. x = {1, 6, 11, ...., 1086}
y = {9, 16, 23, ..., 14128}
First comon term = 16, common difference = 35
tn = 16 + (n – 1)35 = 35n – 19 10086.
n 288.71
number of common terms = 288.
n(X Y) = n(X) + n(Y) – n(X Y)
= 2018 + 2018 – 288 = 3748.

15. Let AP(a; d) denote the set of all the terms of an infinite arithmetic progression with first term a and common
difference d > 0. If AP(1; 3) AP(2; 5) AP(3; 7) = AP(a; d) then a + d equals ___
[JEE-Advanced 2019]
Ans. (157.00)
Sol. We equate the general terms of three respective
A.P.'s as 1 + 3a = 2 + 5b = 3 + 7c
3 divides 1 + 2b and 5 divides 1 + 2c
1 + 2c = 5, 15, 25 etc.
So, first such terms are possible when 1 + 2c = 15 i.e. c = 7
Hence, first term = a = 52
d = lcm (3, 5, 7) = 105
a + d = 157

16. Let m be the minimum possible value of , where y1, y2, y3 are real numbers for which

y1 + y2 + y3 = 9. Let M be the maximum possible value of (log 3x1 + log3x2 + log3x3), where x1, x2 , x3 are
3 2
positive real numbers for which x 1 + x2 + x3 = 9. Then the value of log2 (m ) + log3(M ) is ______.
[JEE Adv. - 2020]
Ans. (8.00)
1
Sol.
3

m=4

Also,
3

M=3
Thus,
=8

62
17. Let a1, a2, a3, ….. be a sequence of positive integers in arithmetic progression with common difference 2.
Also, let b1, b2, b3, ….. be a sequence of positive integers in geometric progression with common ratio 2.
If a1 = b1 = c, then the number of all possible values of c, for which the equality 2(a1 + a2 + ….+a n ) =
b1 + b2 + ….. + bn holds for some positive integer n, is ______ . [JEE Adv. - 2020]
Ans. (1.00)
Sol. Given

2 n
2n – 2n = c(2 – 1 – 2n)

c
2 n
So, 2n – 2n 2 – 1 – 2n

n can be 1,2,3,....,
Checking c against these values of n
we get c = 12 (when n = 3)
Hence number of such c = 1

18. Let 1, 2, …., 100 be consecutive terms of an arithmetic progression with common difference d1, and let w1,
w2, …., w100 be consecutive terms of another arithmetic progression with common difference d 2, where d1d2 =
10. For each i = 1, 2, …., 100, let Ri be a rectangle with length i width wi and area Ai. If A51 – A50 = 1000,
then the value of A100 – A90 is _________.
Ans. (18900)
Sol.

A51 – A50 = 51
w51 – 50
w50 = 1000
=( 1
+ 50d1) (w1 + 50d2) – ( 1
+ 49d1) (w1 + 49d2) = 1000
= 1 2
d + d1w1 + (2500 – 49 × 49)d1d2
= 1 2
d + d1w1 + 99 × 10 = 1000
= 1 2
d + d1w1 = 10
A100 – A90
= 100
w100 – 90
w90
=( 1
+ 99d1) (w1 + 99d2) – ( 1
+ 89d1) (w1 + 89d2)
= 10 1d2 + 10d1w1 + 1880d1d2
= 10(10) + 18800
= 18900

63
19. Let a1, a2, a3, …. be an arithmetic progression with a1 = 7 and common difference 8. Let T1, T2, T3, ….. be
such that T1 = 3 and Tn+1 – Tn = an for n 1. Then, which of the following is/are TRUE?

(A) T20 = 1604 (B) (C) T30 = 3454 (D)

Ans. (BC)
Sol. Tn+1 Tn = 7 + 8(n – 1) = 8n – 1
Tn+1 T1 = 4n(n+1)– n
Tn 3 = 4 (n–1)n– (n–1)
Tn = 4n2 – 5n + 4
T20 = 1600 – 100 + 4 = 1504
T30 = 3600 – 150 + 4 = 3454

64