Sociological Inquiry MCQ PDF

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15 Chapters
708 Verified Questions
 Sociological Inquiry
MCQ PDF
Cou
Sociological Inquiry is a foundational course that explores the methods and frameworks

sociologists use to analyze patterns of social life, relationships, and institutions. Students

learn to apply critical thinking and empirical research techniques to understand how

social forces shape individual behaviors and influence societal trends. The course covers

topics such as socialization, culture, inequality, and social change, equipping students

with the analytical tools to investigate contemporary social issues and evaluate their

own place within the broader social context.

Recommended Textbook
An Invitation to Social Research How Its Done 5th Edition by Emily Stier Adler

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15 Chapters
708 Verified Questions
708 Flashcards
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Page 2
 Chapter 1: The Uses of Social Research
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Sample Questions
Q1) Evaluation research and participatory action research are two different types of
basic research.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False

Q2) What is a potential problem with knowledge from personal inquiry?

A) one may overgeneralize.
B) perceive selectivity.
C) premature closure.
D) uses senses alone.
E) all of these.
Answer: E

Q3) Research designed to add to our fundamental understanding and knowledge of the
social world is referred to as basic research.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True

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Page 3
 Chapter 2: Theory and Research
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Sample Questions
Q1) In order to prove that variables are causally related,that is that no one causes the
other,it is necessary to determine that no other variable is in fact the causal agent.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True

Q2) Grounded theory refers to a theory developed from the data.

A)True
B)False
Answer: True

Q3) Measurement
A) is basically a representation of variable concepts.
B) is an empirical statement.
C) is an empirical generalization.
D) has nothing to do with variables.
E) none of these.
Answer: A

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Page 4
 Chapter 3: Ethics and Social Research
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Sample Questions
Q1) The American Sociological Association adopted its first set of ethical codes before
Milgram and Humphries completed their research.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False

Q2) Which of the following is not a component of voluntary participation and informed
consent?
A) Participants are told that they are not required to participate.
B) Participants are told of the data collection methods.
C) Participants are told the extent of confidentiality.
D) Participants are told they can discontinue at any time.
E) All of the above are components of voluntary participation and informed consent.
Answer: E

Q3) An institutional review board (IRB)is designed to make sure that the researcher will
not publish false results.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False

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Page 5
 Chapter 4: Planning a Research Project
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Sample Questions
Q1) How has research responded to social and environmental crises,such as
unemployment and hurricanes?
A) research has not responded to these issues
B) there is no definitive conclusion to how research has been affected by these issues
C) research on these specific issues is increasing
D) sociologists have no specific interests in environmental crises
E) none of these are true

Q2) If a researcher has access to the population and the time to do the study,but lacks
funds to pursue the research question,
A) her study is not feasible.
B) she has not designed a researchable question.
C) she has most likely overlooked an important part of the literature search.
D) she must reconsider her hypothesis.
E) her research is feasible.

Q3) Most current research is based primarily on personal interest alone.

A)True
B)False

Q4) Describe how the social,political,and economic world influences research.

Q5) What conditions determine whether a study is feasible?

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 Chapter 5: Sampling
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Sample Questions
Q1) A biased sample means
A) it is a prejudiced sample.
B) it is a sample that is not representative of the population from which it is drawn.
C) that there is limited generalizability of results.
D) that it is both a prejudiced sample and there is limited generalizability of results.
E) none of these

Q2) A parameter refers to a measurement in a sample of a larger population.

A)True
B)False

Q3) A researcher hand selects elements to be in his sample based on how much they
will facilitate this [Link] researcher is usingsampling.
A) snowball
B) cluster
C) systematic
D) quota
E) purposive

Q4) Identify and describe the sources of errors associated with sampling.

Q5) Identify and describe the four types of nonprobability sampling.

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Page 7
 Chapter 6: Measurement
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Sample Questions
Q1) It's easy to create indexes and scales that are both reliable and valid.
A)True
B)False

Q2) A measure hasvalidity if it corresponds with behavior that it is supposed to be

associated with.
A) content
B) face
C) predictive
D) discrete
E) ecological

Q3) A composite measure has the advantage of

A) combining several indicators to arrive at a measure that is more valid than just one.
B) yielding mathematical results.
C) being amenable to quantitative analysis.
D) producing results that can be compared to other indicators.
E) being amenable to qualitative analysis.

Q4) What does it mean for a concept to be multidimensional? Use the example of
marital satisfaction and explain how the concept of marital satisfaction can be
multidimensional.

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Page 8
 Chapter 7: Cross-Sectional, Longitudinal, and Case Study

Designs
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Sample Questions
Q1) Cross-sectional designs are often used to
A) obtain an in-depth description on one case within its social context.
B) test causal hypotheses.
C) observe a change over time.
D) obtain an in-depth description on one case within its social context and to observe a
change over time.
E) none of these describe cross-sectional designs.

Q2) What are some good reasons to conduct a case study?

Q3) What must be established to prove that variables are causally related?

Q4) Explain the difference between a panel study and a cohort study.

Q5) The case studies that have become social science classics describe specific people
and places,but
A) also provide a sense of understanding about general categories of the social world.
B) lack generalizability.
C) have been particularly weak at generating new ideas and theories.
D) are not particularly appropriate for exploratory or descriptive purposes.
E) both lack generalizability and have been particularly weak at generating new ideas
and theories.
Page 9
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 Chapter 8: Experimental Research
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Sample Questions
Q1) Experimental designs have the advantage of being superior to non-experimental
designs because they most clearly achieve the purpose of
A) description.
B) critique.
C) exploration.
D) explanation
E) prediction.

Q2) Internal validity is not an issue with quasi-experiments because there are
experimental and control groups.
A)True
B)False

Q3) A placebo
A) must appear authentic.
B) is a simulated treatment of the control group.
C) is the experimental condition of the IV that is controlled by the researcher.
D) is the agreement between a study's conclusions about causal conditions and what is
actually true.
E) must appear authentic and is a simulated treatment of the control group.

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Page 10
 Chapter 9: Questionnaires and Structured Interviews
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is the interviewer effect? How can this be minimized or managed?

Q2) In the focal research by Lang and Podeschi,respondents were given questionnaires
which contained a cover letter
ensuring respondent's anonymity.
A)True
B)False

Q3) Which type of survey method has the lowest response rate?
A) mailed questionnaires
B) phone interviews
C) group administered questionnaires
D) in person interviews
E) web surveys

Q4) If those who respond to a survey are different (e.g.,better educated,higher

income,politically involved)from those who do not respond,a researcher is faced with
A) invalid results.
B) contaminated samples.
C) nonresponse bias.
D) a poor response rate.
E) self-administered questionnaires.

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Page 11
 Chapter 10: Qualitative Interviewing
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Sample Questions
Q1) What are some elements and strategies that are likely to enhance the chances of a
successful interview?

Q2) The questionnaire used by Sandra Enos in Managing Motherhood in Prison included
some open ended questions,but mostly closed ended questions.
A)True
B)False

Q3) The key difference between a group interview and a focus group is
A) how many individuals are involved.
B) the financial reimbursement offered to respondents.
C) the moderator's management of the discussion.
D) the number of questions addressed by the group.
E) the structure of the questions.

Q4) In collecting data,qualitative interviewing has been used in conjunction with

A) experimental methods.
B) closed-ended surveys.
C) observational techniques.
D) cross sectional survey designs.
E) all of these

Q5) Describe the issues of validity for qualitative interviews.

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 Chapter 11: Observational Techniques
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Sample Questions
Q1) Sally is a researcher engaging in observational [Link] is taking part in all
activities of those she is [Link] is her observer role?
A) participant as observer
B) observer as participant
C) complete participant role
D) complete observer role
E) complete researcher role

Q2) Which of the following is true about observational methods?

A) Observation can be very time consuming.
B) Control is completely in the hands of the researcher.
C) Observational research can be demanding and frustrating.
D) Observational research can be time consuming, demanding, and frustrating.
E) None of these are true about observational methods.

Q3) Observation is useful if you do not know much about the subject under investigation.
A)True
B)False

Q4) Thick descriptions are based on bare bone facts versus context and motives.
A)True
B)False

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Page 13
 Chapter 12: Using Available Data
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Sample Questions
Q1) Sometimes you can locate data that very nearly meet your research needs,so the
issue of_______arises.
A) attrition
B) validity
C) reliability
D) rigidity
E) none of these

Q2) A disadvantage to using physical traces to gather data is their unobtrusiveness.

A)True
B)False

Q3) Personal records,like diaries,family albums and personal correspondence should

never be used in social science research because of ethical concerns.
A)True
B)False

Q4) The "Garbage Project" is an example of an erosion measure,in which the contents
are sorted and measured.
A)True
B)False

Q5) Describe the ecological fallacy and how you might avoid it.

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 Chapter 13: Content Analysis
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Sample Questions
Q1) Units of analysis are defined as___________whereas units of observation are
defined as_______.
A) the units from which observation is collected; the units about which information is
collected.
B) the units about which information is collected ; the units from which information is
collected.
C) the focal research where something is found; part of the analysis.
D) part of the analysis; the focal research where something is found.
E) none of these.

Q2) Units of analysis

A) are also known as units of observation.
B) are the units about which information is collected.
C) are the units from which information is collected.
D) are easy to identify.
E) none of these.

Q3) What are the main differences between quantitative content analysis and
qualitative content analysis?

Q4) What is the difference between units of analysis and units of observation? Under
what situation would the units of analysis and units of observation be the same?

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Page 15
 Chapter 14: Applied Social Research
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Sample Questions
Q1) Participatory action research
A) involves reporting to funders on the behavior of participants in the research setting.
B) involves researchers as subjects of investigation.
C) involves researchers working with community members to empower a community.
D) should not be done because it may not be value free.
E) is also considered basic research.

Q2) Evaluation research is a scientific method that does not need to consider who the
intended audience is for its findings.
A)True
B)False

Q3) Participatory action research

A) asks research questions that have implications for social change.
B) increases the involvement of researchers in the research process.
C) is more objective than traditional social science research methods.
D) is useful to social scientists because its findings address the needs of many
constituencies.
E) none of these.

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Page 16
 Chapter 15: Quantitative and Qualitative Data Analysis
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Sample Questions
Q1) The______model allows a researcher to examine more than two variables at a
time.
A) multivariable
B) elaboration
C) variable
D) interpretation
E) central tendency

Q2) If there was a relationship between level of education and income reflected by an r
of 1,we would expect that for each additional year of education,an individual would earn
an additional equivalent amount of income.
A)True
B)False

Q3) Measures of dispersion indicate how varied the population is with respect to certain
values.
A)True
B)False

Q4) What is the difference between interpretivist and social anthropological approaches
to qualitative research?

Q5) Why is it important to perform tests to measure association?

Q6) Outline the major steps involved in qualitative

Page 17 data analysis.

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