Ajman University
College of Engineering and Information Technology
Department of Computer Engineering and Information Technology
BME205: Electronic Circuits
Laboratory Report
Experiment (1): Introduction to Electrical Tools & Components
Name: Yazan Ghaliah ID: 202311658
Group Names:
• Name: Omar Mahmoud ID: 202211039
• Name: Abdallah Ali ID: 202310567
Theory Instructor: Dr. Hamdy Abdelhamid
Lab Instructor: Engr. Peter Yacoub
Section: Wednesday 11:00 – 1:00
Comments & Marks:
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29th Jan 2025
❖ Introduction
In this experiment, our group was introduced to some of the most essential tools and
components used in electronics labs. The main goal was to understand how AC voltage can
be converted into a usable DC voltage through a step-by-step process involving common
components like transformers, rectifiers, capacitors, voltage regulators, and resistors. We
started with a standard 220V AC input and aimed to bring it down to a regulated 1.9V DC
output by the end of the circuit. This experiment helped us learn how each part of the circuit
works, both on its own and as part of a complete system, while also giving us hands-on
experience in building and testing a basic power supply.
❖ Theoretical Background:
we will build a circuit that changes 220V AC to 1.9V DC. First, we will use a transformer to
step down the high voltage to 9V AC. Then, we will add a bridge rectifier to turn the AC
into DC. Next, we will connect a capacitor to smooth the DC and reduce the ripple. After
that, we will use a 7805 voltage regulator to get a steady 5V output. Finally, we will add
two resistors to make a voltage divider, which will give us the 1.9V we need.
❖ Practical Results (If any):
First, we connect the circuit, ignoring everything before the bridge:
Next, we connect the socket into a transformer, and measure the output:
After that, we connect it to the bridge rectifier and measure the output:
Then, we connect it to the capacitor, showing us our ripple voltage:
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Now, we plug this into our voltage regulator, to smoothen our voltage to 5V DC:
Lastly, we add resistors to turn this voltage into 1.9V DC:
As we can see, we successfully managed to get ≈1.9V DC, which was our required amount.
By using these components, we easily turned 220V AC into 1.9V DC.
We also managed to achieve 0.099V of Vripple, making our experiment successful.
Calculations
We started off with measuring our input AC voltage [220Vrms] [50Hz]
Next up, we added a rated transformer, stepping the voltage down to 9V AC.
This number we got is based on our ratio calculation, it will show up later, but it
was easily calculated by dividing our initial voltage by our desired AC voltage,
220/9 = 24.
Our next step was to add a bridge rectifier, followed by a Resistor
We used an 11.4kΩ resistor based on the
ripple voltage formula.
After that, we added a Capacitor
Next, we added a voltage regulator [7805]
We can see a steady 5V DC output, but that is not our goal, we are trying to get
a 1.9V DC output, so we need to add resistors after, which will help us regulate
the voltage.
Finally, we added resistors to get our desired voltage reading.
To convert 5V DC to 1.9V DC, we used The following formula:
Vout = Vin x R2/R1+R2
Vout = 5v x 1.9/3.1k+1.9k
This tells us that we need to connect two resistors of these values to get 1.9
volts in the junction between them.