UNIT-1: Introduction
1. Check whether the following are periodic.
2. Determine whether the following systems are time invariant or not. Check
Whether the systems are causal or not.
3. Test Whether the signal x(n) = (½ ) n u(n) energy or power Signal
[Link] the even and odd components of the signal x(t) =cos(wot+π/3).
6. Define Signal. What is the classification of Signals?
7. Define and sketch the following signals
i) Unit Step function
ii) Unit impulse function
8. Give the mathematical and graphical representation of continuous time and Discrete time
impulse function
9. Define continuous time unit step and unit impulse
10. Define an impulse function and plot δ(t+2) – δ(t-3).
11. Define a unit step function and plot u(t-2)
12. Find the even and odd components of the signal x(t) =sin2t + sin2t.cos2t + cos2t
[Link] the even and odd components of the signal x(t) = tu(t)
14. Define an even signal and check whether signum function is even or not?
15. Find the even and odd components of the signal x(t) = (1+t2+t3)cos210t.
16. Determine whether the sequence is periodic or not. x2(n) = sin( n/8).
[Link] and sketch the following signals
i. Delayed Unit impulse function
ii Truncated Exponential signal
[Link] parabolic function
[Link] function.
18. Determine whether the sequence is periodic or not. x1(n) = sin(6π n/7).
19. Define orthogonal signal space and bring out clearly its application in representing a
signal.
20.A rectangular function f(t) is defined by
f(t) = 1 for 0<t<π
= -1 for π <t<2 π
21. Approximate this function by a waveform sint over the interval (0, 2 π) such that the
mean square error is minimum
22. Discuss orthogonality in complex functions
23. Discuss orthogonality in signals using relevant expressions. Explain the term complete
set. Give examples of complete sets.
24. Derive the expression for mean square error when a function is approximated by a set of
Orthogonal signals.
25. Obtain the condition under which two signals f1(t) and f2(t) are said to be orthogonal to
26. Each other. Hence prove that Sin nwot and Cos mwot are orthogonal to each other for
all integer values of m,n
UNIT-2
Fourier series and Fourier Transform
[Link] the trigonometric Fourier series for the signal x(t) shown below
2. Find the complex exponential Fourier series for the signal x(t) shown below
[Link] the trigonometric Fourier series for the signal y(t) shown below
4. Write the properties of Fourier series.
5. Compute the Fourier transform of the signal x(t) applying differentiation in time
property of Fourier transforms.
[Link] and prove differentiation in time domain property of Fourier transform
Compute the Fourier transform of the signal represented below
7. Find the Fourier transform of the signum function.
8. Find the Fourier transform of x(t) = e-a |t|
9. Define Hilbert Transform. What is its significance?
10. Determine the Hilbert Transform of the signal x(t) = cost3t.
UNIT-3
Analysis of LTI Systems
1. What are the requirements to be satisfied by an LTI system to provide
distortionless transmission of a signal?
2. Bring out the relation between bandwidth and rise time?
3. Obtain the relationship between the bandwidth and rise time of ideal low pass filter.
4.A system represented by y(t) = 2x(t-2) + 2x(t+2).
i) Is the system time invariant? Justify your answer.
ii) Is the system causal? Justify your answer
5. Explain how input and output signals are related to impulse response of a LTI
system.
6. Explain the characteristics of an ideal LPF. Explain why it can’t be realized.
UNIT-4
Cross Correlation and Sampling Theorem
[Link] and prove sampling theorem for band limited signals.
[Link] the properties of autocorrelation function and prove two of them.
[Link] flat top sampling with relevant expressions and waveforms
[Link] the relationship between autocorrelation function and energy spectral
density of an energy signal.
[Link] impulse sampling, natural sampling and flat top sampling with relevant
diagrams.
6. What is aliasing effect? Explain using relevant diagrams. Suggest the remedies
to avoid aliasing.
7. Define cross correlation function, write its properties and prove any two of them.
[Link] briefly impulse sampling
[Link] sampling theorem for time limited signal and find the Nyquist rate for
the following signals.
i. rect300 π t
ii. -10 sin 40t cos 300 π t
[Link] and Prove the sampling theorem for Band limited signals. (7M)
[Link] the effect of aliasing due to under sampling
12.A signal x(t)= 2 cos400_t + 6 cos640_t is ideally sampled at fs = 500Hz. If the
sampled signal is passed through an ideal low pass filter with a cut off
frequency of 400 Hz, what frequency components will appear in the output.
[Link] the process of detection of periodic signals by the process of
correlation.
14) Determine the cross correlation between the two sequences x(n) = {1,0,01} and
h(n) = { 4,3,2,1}
15) Prove that autocorrelation function and energy spectral density function forms
a Fourier transform pair.
[Link] the impulse response of the discrete time system described by the difference
equationy(n-2)-3y(n-1)+2y(n)=x(n-1)
[Link] signal x(t) = 6 cos 10πt is sampled by an impulse train with sampling
frequency 7 Hz and 14 Hz. Draw the spectra of original and sampled signals.
Unit-5
Laplace Transform and Z-Transform
[Link] ROC of the Laplace Transform
[Link] explain the Constraints on ROC for various classes of signals
[Link] the ROC of a function e-atu(t) + e-btu(-t) for i)a<b ii) a>b
[Link] the Laplace transform of the signal X(t)=u(t-2)-u(t-3)
[Link] and prove Differentiation and integration properties of Complex Fourier
Transform.
[Link] and prove initial value and final value theorems of Laplace transform
[Link] is the condition for Laplace transform to exist
[Link] and prove convolution theorem in Laplace domain
[Link] the properties of the ROC of L.T.
[Link] the inverse Laplace transform of x(s) = 5(s+5)/ s(s+3) (s+7); Re(s) > -3
[Link] the Laplace Transform for the following functions
13Using the z-domain differentiation property find the Z transform of
[Link] the Laplace transform of the periodic rectangular wave shown in Figure.1.
[Link] the initial value and final value of signal x(t) whose Laplace
Transform is,
[Link] the Z-transform and its ROC of (n+ k)
[Link] is z transform of sequence X(n)=an u(n)
[Link] the properties of ROC for Z-transforms
[Link] the function of time x(t) for each of the following laplace transforms
and their associated regions of convergence
[Link] and prove the following two properties of Z- transform:
(i) Time convolution
(ii) Differentiation in Z-domain
(iii) Time reversal (iv) Conjugation
[Link] and prove time shifting and time convolution properties of z- transform
[Link] the transfer function and impulse response for the causal LTI system
described by the equation using Z transform
Y(n) – 1/4y(n-1)-3/8y(n-2) = -x(n) + 2x(n-1)
[Link] the relation between Fourier and Z transforms
[Link] and Prove the initial and final value theorem of z-transform
[Link] the Z-transform of the sequence u[n]
[Link] the power series expansion techniques, find the inverse Z – transform of
the following x(z).
[Link] the inverse Z-transform of
[Link] convolution property find the Z transform of