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Heterogeneous Catalysis Overview

The document outlines the steps involved in heterogeneous catalytic reactions, including transport, adsorption, reaction, and desorption of reactants and products. It discusses adsorption types, specifically physisorption and chemisorption, along with their applications and the importance of adsorption energy in catalytic processes. The lecture also includes a specific example of steam methane reforming and the role of catalysts.

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Asma Zakarya
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3 views10 pages

Heterogeneous Catalysis Overview

The document outlines the steps involved in heterogeneous catalytic reactions, including transport, adsorption, reaction, and desorption of reactants and products. It discusses adsorption types, specifically physisorption and chemisorption, along with their applications and the importance of adsorption energy in catalytic processes. The lecture also includes a specific example of steam methane reforming and the role of catalysts.

Uploaded by

Asma Zakarya
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

PCRC Vision and Mission

CHE 532: Heterogeneous Catalysis

Lecture Three (3)

1
Outline

 Steps of Heterogeneous Catalytic Reaction


 Adsorption
 Types of Adsorption
 Adsorption Energy
 Adsorption Isotherms and Isobars
 Different Adsorption Isotherms

2
Steps of Heterogeneous Catalytic Reaction

For the typical heterogeneous catalytic reaction:

A + B + …. → R + S + ….., the following steps are involved:

 Transport of reactants A, B, …from bulk fluid phase within reactor to external surface of the catalyst.
 Transport of reactants to internal surface of pores of catalyst.
 Adsorption of reactants onto catalytic sites.
 Chemical reaction between adsorbed species.
 Desorption of products R, S,… from the catalytic sites.
 Transport of products from inside the pores back to surface of catalyst.
 Transport of products from surface to bulk fluid phase.

3
Steps of Heterogeneous Reaction

4
Steam Methane Reforming
CH4 + H2O
Ni
CH4 + H2O -----------> CO + 3H2 , 1100 oC, 20 bar

Ni CH4 CH4 H2O


Ni Bulk H O CH4 H2
2 CO
H2O COH2
Ni (2),(6)
Ni Ni Diffusion
CH
H2O 4
CH CO
H2
O C
H2O
CO Al2O3
CH4
Ni+ H2
Ni+
Ni+ Pores
CO + 3H2 +
5
Adsorption

 Adsorption is the process where by atoms,


ions or molecules from a gas or dissolved
phase adheres to the surface of a solid or a
liquid
 Adsorbent: the solid material on whose
surface the substances adheres like activated
carbon, zeolites, MOFs
 Adsorbate: the substance (in gas, liquid or
dissolved form) that accumulates on the
surface
 Adsorption is a surface phenomena while
adsorption is a bulk phenomena

6
Types of Adsorption

 Physisorption (physical adsorption): involves weak


intermolecular forces like Van der Waals forces
 Applications of Physisorption include gas adsorption
(like H2 or N2 on activated charcoal), surface area
and pore structure measurement, biomolecule
adsorption (DNA or protein adsorption on
nanomaterials)
 Chemisorption (chemical adsorption): involves the
formation of stronger chemical bonds such as
covalent bond between the adsorbate and the
adsorbent.
 Applications of Chemisorption include the
quantification of reducible species (TPR),
determination of acid sites and basic sites in a
catalyst (NH3 or CO2 TPD)

7
Physisorption vs Chemisorption

8
Adsorption Energy

 Adsorption energy determines the strength


of the interaction between an adsorbate and
an adsorbent surface
 Negative values indicate thermodynamically
stable, spontaneous and favorable process
 Adsorption energy is important in
understanding the fundamental mechanism
of catalytic processes.

• Eads= activation energy for adsorption of reactants;


• Ecat = activation energy for formation of activated complex;
• Edes = activation energy for desorption of products;
• λads = heat of adsorption of reactants,
• λdes = heat of desorption of products,

9
Thank You!

10

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