ICD GUIDE
ANALYSIS BASED ON ROOT
ANALYSIS FOR THE ICD
GOAL: MEARSURE THE ANGULAR DISTRIBUTIONS
OF MUONS
HOW: ANALYZE THE EEE DATA USING ROOT
WHEN: ON NOVEMBER 6th
ZENITHAL DISTRIBUTION: Flux of muons as a
function of the zenithal angle
AZIMUTHAL DISTRIBUTION: Flux of muons as a
function of the azimuthal angle
FIRST ASSUMPTION: ISOTROPIC DISTRIBUTION
Ideally muons arrive from all direction with
the same probability (isotropically)
ZENITHAL DISTRIBUTION : uniform (flat)
AZIMUTHAL DISTRIBUTION: uniform (flat)
is it true?
FIRST ASSUMPTION: ISOTROPIC DISTRIBUTION
Due to geometrical reasons the zenithal distribution
should be sin()
N1 = 1000 particles on A1 area (uniform in d = 20°-30°)
N2 = 1000 particles on A2 area (uniform in d = 70°-80°)
Rate1 = N1/A1
Rate2 = N2/A2
A2 > A1 Rate1 > Rate2
NOT ISOTROPIC!
FIRST ASSUMPTION: ISOTROPIC DISTRIBUTION
ZENITHAL DISTRIBUTION : sin()
AZIMUTHAL DISTRIBUTION: uniform (flat)
SIMPLE EXERCISE WITH ROOT
Define and draw a function
TF1 *f = new TF1(funzione costante, 2, 0, 360)
Constant function f(x) = 2
in the range [0, 360]
SIMPLE EXERCISE WITH ROOT
Define and draw a function
TF1 *f = new TF1(funzione costante, 2, 0, 360)
f-> Draw()
Constant function f(x) = 2
in the range [0, 360]
SIMPLE EXERCISE WITH ROOT
Define and draw a function f(x) = sin
TF1 *f = new TF1(funzione seno, sin(x * pi / 180), 0, 90)
The sine function needs the argument
in radiants
(pi = 3,14)
Play with the graphics
Menu View Editor
NOT SO EASY...
The angular distribution of the muons (ideally isotropic) is affected by 2 other
factors:
NOT SO EASY...
The angular distribution of the muons (ideally isotropic) is affected by 2 other
factors:
• Detector acceptance uniform sin
NOT SO EASY...
The angular distribution of the muons (ideally isotropic) is affected by 2 other
factors:
• Detector acceptance
NOT SO EASY...
The angular distribution of the muons (ideally isotropic) is affected by 2 other
factors:
• Detector acceptance
• Absorption due to the Earth’s atmosphere cos2
(vertical muons are more abundant)
Draw this function using ROOT
Azimuthal Zenithal
IN SUMMARY distribution distribution
uniform sin
AZIMUTHAL DISTRIBUTION Isotropic
distribution
ZENITHAL DISTRIBUTION
• sin
Azimuthal Zenithal
IN SUMMARY distribution distribution
uniform sin
AZIMUTHAL DISTRIBUTION Isotropic
• Detector acceptance distribution
ZENITHAL DISTRIBUTION
• sin
Isotropic
• Detector acceptance distribution
+
Detector
acceptance
Azimuthal Zenithal
IN SUMMARY distribution distribution
uniform sin
AZIMUTHAL DISTRIBUTION Isotropic
• Detector acceptance distribution
ZENITHAL DISTRIBUTION
• sin
Isotropic
• Detector acceptance distribution
• cos2 +
Detector
acceptance
Isotropic
distribution
+
Detector
acceptance
+
cos2
Azimuthal Zenithal
IN SUMMARY distribution distribution
uniform sin
AZIMUTHAL DISTRIBUTION Isotropic
• Detector acceptance distribution
ZENITHAL DISTRIBUTION
• sin
Isotropic
• Detector acceptance distribution
• cos2 +
Detector
acceptance
Isotropic
distribution
+
Detector
acceptance
+
cos2
DATA analysis
1. Study of the angular distribution in case of isotropic distribution + detector
acceptance effects (Monte Carlo simulated data)
Isotropic
distribution
+
Detector
acceptance
DATA analysis
1. Study of the angular distribution in case of isotropic distribution + detector
acceptance effects (Monte Carlo simulated data)
2. Study of the experimental angular distribution (isotropic distribution + detector
acceptance effects + cos2 factor)
Isotropic
distribution
+
Detector
acceptance
+
cos2
DATA analysis
1. Study of the angular distribution in case of isotropic distribution + detector
acceptance effects (Monte Carlo simulated data)
2. Study of the experimental angular distribution (isotropic distribution + detector
acceptance effects + cos2 factor)
3. Ratio (distribution 2/ distribution 1) to isolate the cos2 factor
DATA analysis – step 1
1. Study of the angular distribution in case of isotropic distribution + detector
acceptance effects (Monte Carlo simulated data)
2. Study of the experimental angular distribution (isotropic distribution + detector
acceptance effects + cos2 factor)
3. Ratio (distribution 2/ distribution 1) to isolate the cos2 factor
DATA analysis – step 1
Choose a telescope and submit a query to download MC data
[Link]/eee/elog/Query
(check the data quality on the EEE DQM page)
DATA analysis – step 1
Write your ROOT code in a .txt file (ICD_analysis.txt):
• To open the ROOT file
• To create and draw histograms for MC Phi and Theta distributions
Save your code file (ICD_analysis.txt) in C:\root_v5.34.38\macros
Open ROOT (desktop icon)
Execute your code: .x ICD_analysis.txt
DATA analysis – step 1
Your ROOT code for MC data
DATA analysis – step 1
Your ROOT code for MC data
OPEN THE ROOT FILE
AND GET THE TREE
DATA analysis – step 1
Your ROOT code for MC data
CREATE THE HISTOS
(EMPTY)
• Range
• nBins
DATA analysis – step 1
Your ROOT code for MC data
FILL THE HISTO FOR
PHI DISTRIBUTION,
DRAW AND SAVE IT
DATA analysis – step 1
Your ROOT code for MC data
FILL THE HISTO FOR
THETA DISTRIBUTION,
DRAW AND SAVE IT
DATA analysis – step 1
Your ROOT code for MC data
DATA analysis – step 1
Your ROOT code for MC data
DATA analysis – step 2
1. Study of the angular distribution in case of isotropic distribution + detector
acceptance effects (Monte Carlo simulated data)
2. Study of the experimental angular distribution (isotropic distribution + detector
acceptance effects + cos2 factor)
3. Ratio (distribution 2/ distribution 1) to isolate the cos2 factor
DATA analysis – step 2
Submit a query to download experimental data [Link]/eee/elog/Query
(use Duplicate function, without MC flag)
DATA analysis – step 2
Write and append your ROOT code in the .txt file (ICD_analysis.txt):
• To open the ROOT file
• To create and draw histograms for experimental Phi and Theta distributions
Open ROOT (desktop icon)
Execute your code: .x ICD_analysis.txt
DATA analysis – step 2
Your ROOT code for experimental data
DATA analysis – step 2
Your ROOT code for experimental data
DATA analysis – step 2
Your ROOT code for experimental data
DATA analysis – step 3
1. Study of the angular distribution in case of isotropic distribution + detector
acceptance effects (Monte Carlo simulated data)
2. Study of the experimental angular distribution (isotropic distribution + detector
acceptance effects + cos2 factor)
3. Ratio (distribution 2/ distribution 1) to isolate the cos2 factor
DATA analysis – step 3
Write and append your ROOT code in the .txt file (ICD_analysis.txt):
• To create, fill and draw histos (for the ratio)
Open ROOT (desktop icon)
Execute your code: .x ICD_analysis.txt
DATA analysis – step 3
Your ROOT code to calculate the ratio
DATA analysis – step 3
Your ROOT code to calculate the ratio
Compare the Theta Distribution with a cos2 function
[0]*cos(x*pi/180) * cos(x*pi/180)
Compare the Phi Distribution with a constant function f(x) = pol0
DATA analysis – step 3
Compare data with expected trend (phi distribution)
Right click on the vertical scale
SetRangeUser
[0, 15]
Right click on the histo line
FitPanel
DATA analysis – step 3
Compare data with expected trend (phi distribution)
Select pol0
(zero degree polynomial)
Press Fit
Output of the fit procedure
DATA analysis – step 3
Compare data with expected trend (phi distribution)
DATA analysis – step 3
Compare data with expected trend (theta distribution)
Right click on the histo line
FitPanel
Right click on the horizontal scale
SetRangeUser
[0, 45]
DATA analysis – step 3
Compare data with expected trend (theta distribution)
Write your function
[0]*cos(x*pi/180)*cos(x*pi/180)
Output of the fit procedure
Press Fit
DATA analysis – step 3
Compare data with expected trend (theta distribution)
Possible improvements
• Study the zenithal distribution in ranges of Phi
• Study the azimuthal distribution in ranges of Theta
• Apply cuts on ChiSquare, TOF, Tracklength...
• Improve the graphycs
• ...
• And use your imagination and creativity
For any question please contact your EEE referent