Data Visualization using Tableau

Data visualization is the representation of information and data using charts, graphs,
maps, and other visual tools. These visualizations allow us to easily understand any
patterns, trends, or outliers in a data set.

Data visualization also presents data to the general public or specific audiences without
technical knowledge in an accessible manner. For example, the health agency in a
government might provide a map of vaccinated regions.

Benefits of Data Visualization

Data visualization can be used in many contexts in nearly every field, like public
policy, finance, marketing, retail, education, sports, history, and more. Here are the
benefits of data visualization:
 Storytelling: People are drawn to colors and patterns in clothing, arts and
culture, architecture, and more. Data is no different—colors and patterns allow
us to visualize the story within the data.
 Accessibility: Information is shared in an accessible, easy-to-understand manner
for a variety of audiences.
 Visualize relationships: It’s easier to spot the relationships and patterns within
a data set when the information is presented in a graph or chart.
 Exploration: More accessible data means more opportunities to explore,
collaborate, and inform actionable decisions.
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Tools for visualizing data

There are plenty of data visualization tools out there to suit your needs. Before
committing to one, consider researching whether you need an open-source site or could
simply create a graph.
using Excel or Google Charts. The following are common data visualization tools that
could suit your needs.
 Tableau

 Google Charts

 Dundas BI

 Power BI

 JupyteR

 Infogram

 ChartBlocks

 [Link]

 FusionCharts

 Grafana

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Introduction to Tableau:

Tableau is an excellent data visualization and business intelligence tool used for

reporting and analyzing vast volumes of data. It is an American company that started

in 2003—in June 2019, Salesforce acquired Tableau. The visualizations created by

the tableau are in the form of Dashboards and Worksheets.

 Data Visualization: Graphical representation of information and data.

Example: Graphs, Charts, Maps.

 Raw Data: Unprocessed Data or Primary Data.

 Business Intelligence: Business intelligence comprises the strategies and

technologies used by enterprises for the data analysis of business information.

 Dashboards: A dashboard is a collection of multiple views, letting you compare

a variety of data simultaneously.

 Worksheets: Tableau uses a workbook and sheet file structure, much like

Microsoft Excel. A workbook contains sheets. A sheet can be a worksheet, a

dashboard, or a storyline.

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Tableau Features

 Tableau supports powerful data discovery and exploration that enables users to
answer important questions in seconds

 No prior programming knowledge is needed; users without relevant experience

can start immediately with creating visualizations using Tableau

 It can connect to several data sources that other BI tools do not support.
Tableau enables users to create reports by joining and blending different
datasets

 Tableau Server supports a centralized location to manage all published data

sources within an organization

Tableau Product Suite:

The tableau product suite consists of the following:

 Tableau Desktop

 Tableau Public

 Tableau Online

 Tableau Server

 Tableau Reader

Data Analytics in Tableau

Data analysis is the process of inspecting the data, transforming the data, modelling the
given data to discover useful information and decision making. You can classify Data
Analytics in tableau into two sections for a clear understanding.
1. Developer Tools

2. Sharing Tools
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Developer Tools:
The tools that are used for creating Dashboards, Charts, Worksheets, Report
generation, and Visualizations are called developer tools. The Tableau Desktop and
Tableau Public come under this category.
Tableau Desktop: The Tableau desktop allows you to code, customize, create charts,
reports, and blending them all together to create a dashboard and all the other related
work has been done here. You can do live data analysis by connecting the tableau
desktop to the data warehouse and other types of files. you can share the created
dashboard and workbooks either locally and publicly. Based on the connectivity to the
data sources and sharing options you can classify Tableau Desktop into two types as
follow:
 Tableau Desktop Personal: The development features are similar to the Tableau
desktop. The personal version keeps the workbook private and has limited access.
The workbooks cannot be published online, so you can distribute them either
offline or in tableau public.
 Tableau Desktop Professional: You can have full access to all sorts of data
types here, and it is best suitable for those who wish to publish their work on the
tableau server.
Tableau Public: The Tableau public is specially built for cost-effective users, the
workbook which is created can't be saved locally, sequentially, it should be saved to
Tableau's public cloud which can be viewed and accessed by anyone. This version is
best for the ones who want to learn and share their data with the general public.
Sharing Tools:
The products which are created using Developer tools are shared using sharing tools.
Following are the tools that come under this category:
Tableau Online: It is an online sharing tool for the tableau. The functionalities are
similar to the tableau server, but the data is stored on the servers hosted in the cloud
which are maintained by the tableau group. There is no storage limit on the data that
can be published in Tableau
Online. Tableau Online creates a direct link to over 40 data sources that are hosted in
the cloud such as MySQL, Hive, Amazon Aurora, Spark SQL, and many more.
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Tableau Server: You can use the tableau server to share Workbooks, Visualizations
which are created by the tableau desktop application across the organization. To share
dashboards in the Tableau Server, you must first publish your work on the Tableau
Desktop. Once the work has been uploaded to the server, it will be accessible only
to licensed users. However, it's not necessary that the licensed users need to have the
Tableau Server installed on their machine. You just require the log in credentials with
which they can check reports via a web browser. The security is high in the Tableau
server, and it is much suited for quick and effective sharing of data in an
organization.

To publish, both Tableau Online and Server require the workbooks created by Tableau
Desktop. Data that is streamed from the web applications say Google Analytics,
[Link] are also supported by Tableau Server and Tableau Online.

Tableau Reader: It is a free tool that allows you to view the workbooks and
visualizations created using Tableau Desktop or Tableau Public. The data can be
filtered but editing and modifications are restricted. The security level is zero in
Tableau Reader as anyone who gets the workbook can view it using Tableau
Reader.

To share the dashboards that you have created, the receiver should have Tableau
Reader to view the document.

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Product Version Features

Tableau Desktop helps to create reports, dashboards, and

stories using different charts and graphs. The workbooks
Tableau and the dashboards created using Tableau Desktop can
Desktop Paid
be
shared locally or publicly.

Tableau Tableau Server is mainly used in organizations to

Paid
Server share workbooks and reports that are created using
Tableau Desktop
applications across different teams. You can ask
questions
with natural language, and you will receive AI-driven
explanations for your data.
The Tableau Online analytics platform is hosted on the
cloud, and it helps users publish dashboards and share
discoveries with anyone. You can connect to cloud
Tableau
Paid databases, like Amazon Redshift and Google BigQuery.
Online
It automatically refreshes data from web apps, like
Google Analytics and
Salesforce.

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Tableau Public is free to use, but the workbooks created

cannot be saved locally. They can be saved to Tableau's
public cloud, which anyone can access and view. Due to
Tableau
Free the lack of privacy options, any user can download and
Public
access the files saved to the cloud.

Tableau Tableau Reader is a free desktop application that enables

Reader Free users to open and interact with reports built using
Tableau Desktop.

Tableau Mobile provides interactive previews where

users can check data and reports anytime from anywhere.
Tableau You can select, filter, and fine-tune the data with a tap
Mobile Free
of your finger
using the mobile app.

How does Tableau Work:

You can use Tableau to connect and extract the data stored in various places. You can
pull data from any platform using Tableau. A simple database such as an excel, pdf, to
a complex database like Oracle, and a database in the cloud such as Amazon Web
services, Tableau can extract Microsoft Azure SQL database, Google Cloud SQL, and
various other data sources. When you launch Tableau, the ready data connectors are
available that allow you to connect to any database.
You can pull the data either by connecting the live or extracted to Tableau's data
engine and Tableau Desktop. The data engineer and data analyst will work here with
the data that was pulled up and develop visualizations. You can share the created
dashboards with the users as a static file and these dashboards can be viewed using the
Tableau Reader by the user. You can publish the data from the Tableau Desktop to
the Tableau server. This is an enterprise platform where collaboration, distribution,
governance, security model, automation features are supported. With the Tableau
Server, you have a better experience in accessing the files from all the locations like
desktop, mobile, or email.
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Experiment 1: Creating Your First visualization
1. Getting Started With Tableau Software
2. Using Data File Formats
3. Connecting Your Data To Tableau
4. Creating Basic Charts(Line, Bar Charts, Tree Maps)
5. Using The Show Me Panel.

1. Getting Started With Tableau Software:

First, you'll need to download and install Tableau Desktop or Tableau Public (a
freeversion). Follow the installation instructions provided on the Tableau website for your
specific operating system.

2. Using Data File Formats:

Before connecting your data to Tableau, ensure that your data is in a suitable format.
Common data file formats that Tableau supports include Excel (.xlsx), CSV (.csv), and
text files (.txt). Make sure your data is organized with headers for each column.

3. Connect Your Data to Tableau:

3.1 Launch Tableau Desktop.

3.2 Go to "File" Menu and then click on "Open".

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3.3 Choose the data source type (e.g., Excel, CSV, text file) and Select the data
file([Link]) and click "Open".

3.4 Drag any table(e.g. Orders) into working area.

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3.5 Click on Worksheet(Sheet1).

1. Data Source Pane:

Once your data is connected, the Data Source Pane will appear on the left-hand side of the
Tableau interface. Here, you can see a preview of your data and perform data
transformations or join multiple data sources if necessary.

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2. Creating Basic Charts:

Now, let's create some basic charts using Tableau:

a. Line Chart:

1. From the "Data Source pane", drag and drop the date field to the Columns shelf
and a numeric field (e.g., sales, revenue) to the Rows shelf.

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2. Then Tableau will automatically create a line chart. You can customize it byadding
labels, titles, and formatting

b. Bar Chart:

Drag and drop a categorical field (e.g., product category, region) to the Columns shelf
and a numeric field to the Rows shelf

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Then Tableau will create a bar chart. You can adjust the orientation and formatting as
needed. To display Labels on the bars click on Lables and select "Show mark lables"

c. Tree map:

1. Drag and drop a categorical field to the Columns shelf.

2. Drag and drop a numeric field to the Size shelf.

3. Tableau will create a treemap visualization. You can further customize it by

adjusting colors and labels.

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6. Using the Show Me Panel:

The Show Me panel in Tableau helps you explore various chart types based on your data
and the fields you select. Here's how to use it:

1. After adding fields to the Rows and Columns shelves, click on the "Show Me" panel
located on the left side of the Tableau interface.

2. In the Show Me panel, you'll see a variety of chart options that Tableau recommends
based on your data. Click on a chart type to create it.

3. Tableau will automatically generate the selected chart type with your data. You can
further customize it as needed.

4. To go back to the regular worksheet view, click the "Clear" button in the Show Me panel

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Experiment 2: Tableau Calculations
1. Overview of SUM, AVR, and Aggregate features,
2. Creating custom calculations and fields
3. Applying new data calculations to your visualizations

Tableau offers a powerful set of calculation tools that allow you to manipulate, transform,
and analyze your data in various ways. Here's an overview of some key concepts related to
Tableau calculations, including SUM, AVG (average), and aggregate functions, as well as
creating custom calculations and fields

[Link] and AVG (Average) and Aggregate features

SUM Function

The SUM function in Tableau calculates the total sum of a numeric field. You can use it to
find the sum of values in a column or as part of a more complex calculation. To use SUM,
simply drag and drop a numeric field into the "SUM" shelf,or you can create a calculated
field using the SUM function.

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AVG (Average) Function

The AVG function calculates the average (mean) value of a numeric field. Like SUM, you
can use it by dragging a numeric field into the "AVG" shelf or creating a calculated field
with the AVG function.

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Aggregate Functions:

Tableau provides a range of aggregate functions that allow you to perform calculations on
groups of data. Common aggregate functions include SUM, AVG, COUNT, MIN
(minimum value), and MAX (maximum value). These functions are particularly useful
when you want to analyze data at different levels of granularity (e.g., by category, region,
or time period).

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[Link] Custom Calculations

Tableau allows you to create custom calculations using calculated fields. Here's how to
create a custom calculation:

1. Create a New Calculated Field

In the Data Source Pane, right-click on your data source and select "CreateCalculated
Field".

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Alternatively, you can create a calculated field by right-clicking on a shelf in yourworksheet
and choosing "Create Calculated Field".

2. Enter Your Calculation:

In the calculated field editor, you can use functions, operators, and field referencesto define
your calculation.

For example, you can create a calculated field to calculate profit margin as (SUM([Profit])
/ SUM([Sales])) * 100.

3. Name and Save the Calculated Field:

Give your calculated field a meaningful name.

Click the "OK" or "Apply" button to save the calculated field

.
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4. Use the Calculated Field in Your Worksheet:

You can now use the calculated field like any other field in your worksheet. Drag it to the
Rows or Columns shelf, use it in filters, or create visualizations based onit.

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[Link] New Data Calculations to Visualizations

1. Drag and Drop Calculated Fields:

To apply your newly created calculated fields to a visualization, simply drag and drop
them onto the appropriate shelves in your worksheet. For example, you candrag a
calculated field to the Rows or Columns shelf, use it in filters, or place it onthe

Marks card to control the appearance of marks.

2. Filter with Calculated Fields:

Create filters using calculated fields to control which data points are displayed in your
visualization. You can use calculated fields to filter by specific criteria, such as a
calculated date range or a custom ranking.

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Experiment:3 Formatting Visualizations
1. Formatting Tools and Menus
2. Formatting specific parts of the view.
3. Editing and Formatting Axes

Tableau provides a wide range of formatting options to make your visualizations more
appealing and informative:

1. Formatting Tools and Menus

1. Format Pane:

On the left side of the Tableau interface, you'll find the Format pane. It allows youto
format various aspects of your visualization, such as fonts, colors, lines, shading, and
borders. Simply select the element you want to format and use the options in the Format
pane to mak e changes.

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2. Marks Card:

The Marks card, located above your visualization, offers formatting options specificto the
type of marks you're using (e.g., color, size, label). Click on the Marks card to access these
options and modify how your data is represented.

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3. Axis and Gridlines:

You can format axis labels, titles, and gridlines to improve the readability of your
visualization. Right-click on an axis or gridline to access formatting options.

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4. Legends and Color Scales:

Customize legends and color scales to provide context for your visualizations. You can
change colors, labels, and the position of legends to match your data.

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[Link] Tools and Menus

Tableau provides several formatting tools and menus to help you refine the appearance of
your visualizations:

1. Format Menu:

The Format menu at the top of the Tableau interface provides access to various formatting
options, including font styles, shading, borders, alignment, and more. You can use this
menu to format text, labels, and other elements.

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2. Worksheet Menu:

In the Worksheet menu, you'll find options to format the entire worksheet, including
background color, borders, and worksheet title. You can also adjust the worksheet size.

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3. Dashboard Menu:

If you're working with dashboards, the Dashboard menu allows you to format the entire
dashboard layout, including background, size, and title.

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[Link] Specific Parts of the View

Tableau lets you format specific elements of your visualization:

1. Annotations:

You can add annotations to your visualizations to highlight important points or provide
additional context. Format these annotations using the options available when you right-
click on an annotation.

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2. Tooltips:

Customize tooltips to display relevant information when users hover over data points. You
can format tooltips to show or hide specific fields and control their appearance.

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3. Headers and Titles:

Format headers, titles, and subtitles for clarity and consistency. Use the Format pane or the
Format menu to adjust text formatting, alignment, and shading.

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[Link] and Formatting Axes:

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1. Edit Axis Title:

 Click on the axis title you want to edit.

 You can now modify the title text, font, size, color, and alignment using the Format
paneor the toolbar at the top.

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2. Edit Axis Labels:

 Right-click on an axis and select "Edit Axis."

 In the Edit Axis dialog box, you can change the formatting of labels, tick marks,
andother axis-related properties.

3. Scale and Range:

 To change the scale or range of an axis, right-click on it and select "Edit Axis."

 In the dialog box, adjust the Minimum and Maximum values, scale, or range
accordingto your needs.
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Experiment 4: Manipulating Data in Tableau data
1. Cleaning-up the data with the Data Interpreter
2. Structuring your data
3. Sorting and filtering Tableau data
4. Pivoting Tableau data.

1. Cleaning-up the data with the Data Interpreter

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2. Structuring your data

Change Data Type

If Tableau has inferred a wrong data type for a column, the data type can bechanged
by clicking on the data type symbol in the column header

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New Column(Calculated Fields)

Calculated fields can be used if you need to create customized logic for manipulating
certain data types or data values. There are a large-range of functions available in Tableau
that can used individually or collectively for data manipulation

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3. Sorting and filtering Tableau data

There are many ways to sort data in Tableau. When viewing a visualization, data can be
sorted using single click options from an axis, header, or field label. In the authoring
environment, additional sorting options include sorting manually in headers and legends,
using the toolbar sort icons, or sorting from the sort menu.

Quickly sort from an axis, header, or field label

There are multiple ways to sort a visualization with single click sort buttons.

In all cases, one click sorts descending, two clicks sorts ascending, and three clicks clear
the sort.

Sort icons displayed on an axis (Metric A), header (Light Green) or field label (Hue)

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The sort updates if the underlying data changes. Sort from an axis

1. Hover over a numerical axis to bring up the sort icon.

2. Click the icon to sort.

Sort: Color is sorted within each Hue in decreasing order of Metric A

In this example, the sort is applied to Color (sorting the rows) based on the values
for Metric A. If there are hierarchical dimensions like above, the sort is applied to the
innermost dimension. In this example, Color will sort inside Hue. Dark magenta can't sort
to the top of the viz because it must stay inside the pane for the Purple hue.

Sort from a header

1. Hover over a header to bring up the sort icon.

2. Click the icon to sort.

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Sort: Materials are arranged in decreasing order of Metric B for Green.

In this example, the sort is applied to Material (sorting the order of the columns—Paint,
Fabric, and Paper) based on the values for Green, since that header was used for the sort.

Sort from a field label

1. Hover over a field label to bring up the sort icon.

The sort icon for a field label is slightly different from a header or axis. The default
option is alphabetical sorting, but there’s also a menu where you can choose to sort by
a field in the view.

2. Click the A-Z icon to sort alphabetically. Or, click the menu to select a field to sort
by. The icon switches to the bar icon and you can click to sort.

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Sort: Hues are arranged in descending order by Metric B.

In this example, the sort is applied to the outermost dimension (Hue) based on total Metric
B. (Metric B is aggregated for all the colors within each hue and Hue is sorted. Therefore,
Purple is first, then Green, then Blue.)

Sort options while authoring

In an authoring environment, additional options are available. Sort from the toolbar

1. Select the dimension you wish to sort.

If you don’t select a field before sorting, the default behavior is to sort the deepest
dimension.

2. Choose the appropriate sort button (ascending or descending) in the toolbar.

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In this example, the sort is applied to Hue unless the Material field is selected before
sorting. The toolbar sort also applies to the leftmost measure, in this case Metric B. To sort
by Metric A, it would be necessary to reverse their order on the Columns shelf or use
another method of sorting. This example demonstrates the effect of sorting by Material.
Hue is removed from the view.

Filter Data from Your Views

Filtering is an essential part of analyzing data. This article describes the many ways you can
filter data from your view. It also describes how you can display interactive filters in the
view, and format filters in the view.

Filtering Order of Operations

Tableau performs actions on your view in a very specific order; this is called the Order of
Operations. Filters are executed in the following order:

1. Extract filters
2. Data source filters
3. Context filters

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4. Filters on dimensions (whether on the Filters shelf or in filter cards in the view)

5. Filters on measures (whether on the Filters shelf or in filter cards in the view)

Select to keep or exclude data points in your view

You can filter individual data points (marks), or a selection of data points from your view.
For example, if you have a scatter plot with outliers, you can exclude them from the view so
you can better focus on the rest of the data.

To filter marks from the view, select a single mark (data point) or click and drag in the view
to select several marks. On the tooltip that appears, you can:

 Select Keep Only to keep only the selected marks in the view.

 Select Exclude to remove the selected marks from the view.

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Select headers to filter data

To filter entire rows or columns of data from your view, select the header in the view. On
the tooltip that appears, select to Exclude or Keep Only the selected data.

When you select a table header that is part of a hierarchy, all of the next level headers are
also selected. For example, the view shown below consists of two unrelated dimensions
placed on the Columns shelf, and two levels of the same hierarchy placed on the Rows
shelf.

The selected row headers include the Furniture member of the Category dimension, and the
Binders and Labels members of the Sub-category dimension. When Furniture is selected,
all members from the next (inner) level in the hierarchy are automatically selected. In this
case, that means the Bookcases, Chairs, Furnishings, and Tables members.

Drag dimensions, measures, and date fields to the Filters shelf

Another way to create a filter is to drag a field directly from the Data pane to the Filters
shelf.
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When you add a field to the Filters shelf, the Filter dialog box opens so you can define the
filter.

The Filter dialog box differs depending on whether you are filtering categorical data
(dimensions), quantitative data (measures), or date fields.

Filter categorical data (dimensions)

Dimensions contain discrete categorical data, so filtering this type of field generally
involves selecting

the values to include or exclude.

When you drag a dimension from the Data pane to the Filters shelf in Tableau Desktop, the
following

Filter dialog box appears:

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Filter quantitative data (measures)

Measures contain quantitative data, so filtering this type of field generally involves selecting
a range of values that you want to include.

When you drag a measure from the Data pane to the Filters shelf in Tableau Desktop, the
following dialog box appears:

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Select how you want to aggregate the field, and then click Next.

In the subsequent dialog box, you're given the option to create four types of quantitative
filters:

Range of Values: Select the Range of Values option to specify the minimum and maximum
values of the range to include in the view. The values you specify are included in the range.

At Least: Select the At Least option to include all values that are greater than or equal to a
specified minimum value. This type of filter is useful when the data changes often so
specifying an upper limit may not be possible.

At Most: Select the At Most option to include all values that are less than or equal to a
specified maximum value. This type of filter is useful when the data changes often so
specifying a lower limit may not be possible.

Special: Select the Special option to filter on Null values. Include only Null values, Non-
null values, or All Values.

Filter dates

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When you drag a date field from the Data pane to the Filters shelf in Tableau Desktop, the
following Filter Field dialog box appears:

You can select whether you want to filter on a relative date; filter between a range of dates;
or select discrete dates or individual dates to filter from the view.

Filter relative dates: Click Relative dates to define a range of dates that updates based on
the date and

time you open the view. For example, you may want to see Year to Date sales, all records
from the

past 30 days, or bugs closed last week. Relative date filters can also be relative to a specific
anchor date rather than today.

Filter a range of dates: Select Range of dates to define a fixed range of dates to filter. For
example,

you may want to see all orders placed between March 1, 2009 and June 12, 2009.

Filter discrete dates: Select a discrete date value in the dialog box if you want to
include entire
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date levels. For example, if you select Quarters, you can choose to filter specific quarters

(e.g. Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4) from your view, regardless of the year.

Latest date preset: If you want to ensure that only the most recent date in a data source is

selected in the filter when the workbook is shared or opened, select a discrete date

such as Month/Day/Year or Individual Dates and then, on the General tab, select Filter
to latest date value when workbook is opened

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Filter individual dates: Select Individual dates to filter specific dates from your view.

Additional date filter options: When you select Relative dates or Range of dates, the Filter
dialog box opens. In that dialog box, you can define a Starting date or Ending date. You can
also select Special to include null dates, non-null dates, or all dates.

Filter table calculations

To create a table calculation filter, create a calculated field, and then place that field on the
Filters shelf.

Filters based on table calculations do not filter out underlying data in the data set, because
table calculation filters are applied last in the order of operations. This means Tableau
evaluates any table calculations in the view first, and then applies table calculation filters on
the results in the current view.

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Apply table calculation filter to totals

When you show totals in a view and you want a table calculation filter to apply to the totals,
you can select Apply to totals in the drop-down menu for that filter (on the Filters shelf).
This option lets you decide when a table calculation filter should be applied to totals.

This options is available when you show totals in the view, and you add a table calculation
filter to the view. Select Apply to totals to apply the table calculation filter to all of the
results in the table, including the totals.

Display interactive filters in the view

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When an interactive filter is shown, you can quickly include or exclude data in the view.

To show a filter in the view:

1. In the view, click the field drop-down menu and select Show Filter.

The field is automatically added to the Filters shelf (if it is not already being filtered), and a
filter card appears in the view. Interact with the card to filter your data.

Set options for filter card interaction and appearance

After you show a filter, there are many different options that let you control how the filter
works and appears. You can access these options by clicking the drop-down menu in the
upper right corner of the filter card in the view.

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Here are some of the general filter card options:

Edit Filter - This option opens the main Filter dialog box so you can further refine the filter
by adding conditions and limits.

Remove Filter - Removes the filter from the Filters shelf and removes the filter card from
the view.

Apply to worksheets - Allows you to specify whether the filter should apply to only the
current work

sheet or be shared across multiple worksheets

Format Filters (Tableau Desktop only) - Customize the font and colors of all your filter
cards in the

view.

Only relevant values - Specifies which values to show in the filter. When you select this
option other filters are considered and only values that pass these filters are shown.

All values in hierarchy - Specifies which values to show in the filter. When you create a
filter from a hierarchical field, this option is selected by default.

All values in database - Specifies which values to show in the filter. When you select this
option all

values in the database are shown regardless of the other filters on the view.

All values in context (Tableau Desktop only) - When one of the filters in the view is a
context filter,

select this option on a different filter to only display values that pass through the context
filter.

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Include values - When this option is selected, the selections in the filter card are included in
the view.

Exclude values - When this option is selected, the selections in the filter card are excluded
from the view.

Hide Card (Tableau Desktop only) - Hides the filter card but does not remove the filter
from the Filters shelf.

[Link] Tableau data

Data pivoting enables you to rearrange the columns and rows in a report so youcan view
data from different perspectives

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Experiment 5:Advanced Visualization Tools:
1. Using Filters
2. Using the Detail panel
3. Using the Size panels
4. Customizing filters
5. Using and Customizing tooltips
6. Formatting your data with colors

1. Using Filters:

Sample - Superstore data source to apply dimension filters on the sub-category of products.

We create a view for showing profit for each sub-category of products according to their
shipping mode.

For it, drag the dimension field “Sub-Category” to the Rows shelf and the measure field
“profit” to the Columns shelf.

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2. Using the Detail Panel

o In a bar chart, drag "Subcategory" into the Detail shelf.

o Hover over each bar to see the breakdown of profit by subcategory.
o This provides context without cluttering the visual.

3. Using the Size Panels

 Drag and drop the measure Sales to the Columns shelf.

 Drag and drop the measure Profit to the Rows shelf.
 Pull the dimension Sub-Category to the labels Shelf under Marks.

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4. Customizing Filters

o Create a parameter for users to select a category (e.g., Month year)

o Use this parameter in a calculated field that filters the visualization based on
the selection.
o Implement cascading filters by linking them to prior selections.

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5. Using and Customizing Tooltips

o Click on "Tooltip" in the Marks card to edit.

o Include fields like "Furniture” “office Supplies” and “Technology”
o Use formatting options to highlight key metrics (e.g., bold Technology).

6. Formatting Your Data with Colors

o Drag "Profit" into the Color shelf in Products.

o Adjust the color range to ensure the products.

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Experiment 6: Create a dashboard
1. Using Storytelling
2. Creating your first dashboard and Story
3. Design for different displays
4. Adding interactivity to your Dashboard

1. Using Story Telling

In Tableau, a story is a sequence of visualizations that work together to convey information.

You can create stories to tell a data narrative, provide context, demonstrate how decisions
relate to outcomes or to simply make a compelling case.

A story is a sheet, so the methods you use to create, name and manage worksheets and
dashboards also apply to stories At the same time, a story is also a collection of sheets,
arranged in a sequence. Each individual sheet in a story is called a story point.

When you share a story – for example, by publishing a workbook to Tableau Public,
Tableau Server or Tableau Cloud – users can interact with the story to reveal new findings
or ask new questions of the data.

2. Creating your first dashboard and Story

You create a dashboard in much the same way you create a new worksheet.

1. At the bottom of the workbook, click the New Dashboard icon:s

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2. From the Sheets list at left, drag views to your dashboard at right.

3. To replace a sheet, select it in the dashboard at right. In the Sheets list at left,

hover over the replacement sheet, and click the Swap Sheets button.

3. Design for different displays

1. Open a dashboard.
2. On the Dashboard tab on the left, click Device Preview.

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[Link] device preview mode, these options appear above the dashboard:

Take a moment to click through the Device types and Models and explore the
different screen sizes. Then set these options:

o To see how the dashboard will look in landscape vs. portrait mode, click .
Usually, landscape is optimal for tablets and portrait is best for phones.
o Select Tableau Mobile app to see how the dashboard will look with the app
instead of the browser. This option is available for iOS or Android devices and
shrinks the dashboard slightly, leaving space for the app controls.

4. Choose a Device type, such as Tablet.

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5. In the upper-right corner, click the Add Layout button for the device type you
selected (for example, Add Tablet Layout).

6. Add an additional layout by selecting a new Device type and clicking Add Layout.

Creating a layout for each device type gives you the most control over your users'
experience as view your dashboard from different [Link] you publish a
dashboard with all three layouts, users won't see the default dashboard layout;
instead, they'll always see the appropriate device-specific layout.

1. On Sales in the South, right-click in the column area under the Region column
header, and clear Show header.

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2. Repeat this process for the Category row header.

You've now hidden unnecessary columns and rows from your dashboard while
preserving the breakdown of your data. The extra space makes it easier to see data on
your dashboard, but let's freshen things up even more.

3. Right-click the Profit Map title and select Hide Title.

The title Profit Map is hidden from the dashboard and even more space is created.

4. Repeat this step for the Sales in the South view title.

5. Select the first Sub-Category filter card on the right side of your view, and at the top
of the card, click the Remove icon .

6. Repeat this step for the second Sub-Category filter card and one of the Year of
Order Date filter cards.

7. Click on the Profit color legend and drag it from the right to below Sales in the
South.

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8. Finally, select the remaining Year of Order Date filter, click its drop-down arrow,
and then select Floating. Move it to the white space in the map view. In this example,
it is placed just off the East Coast, in the Atlantic Ocean.

Try selecting different years on the Year of Order Date filter. Your data is quickly
filtered to show that state performance varies year by year. That's nice, but it could be
made even easier to compare.

9. Click the drop-down arrow at the top of the Year of Order Date filter, and select

Single Value (Slider).

Your view updates to look like this:

Differentiate Floating vs. Tiled objects on a dashboard

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Now your dashboard is looking really good! Now, you can easily compare profit and sales
by year. But that’s not so different from a couple pictures in a presentation—and you're
using Tableau! Let's make your dashboard more engaging.

Check your work! Watch "Arrange your dashboard" in action

Click the image to replay it

4. Adding Interactivity To Your Dashboard

 In the upper corner of sheet, enable the Use as Filter option to use

selected marks in the sheet as filters for other sheets in the dashboard.

 When authoring in Tableau Desktop, add actions to use multiple sheets as filters,
navigate from one sheet to another, display web pages, and more.

Add dashboard objects and set their options

In addition to sheets, you can add dashboard objects that add visual appeal and
interactivity. Here's guidance about each type:
 Horizontal and Vertical objects provide layout containers that let you group related
objects together and fine-tune how your dashboard resizes when users interact with
them.

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 Text objects can provide headers, explanations, and other information.
 Image objects add to the visual flavor of a dashboard, and you can link them to
Add an object
From the Objects section at left, and drag an item to the dashboard on the right:

specific target URLs. (While Web Page objects can also be used for images, they are
better for complete web pages. The Image object provides image-specific fitting,
linking, and alt-text options.)
 Web Page objects display target pages in the context of your dashboard. Be sure to
review these web security options, and be aware that some web pages don't allow
themselves to be embedded—Google is one example.
 Blank objects help you adjust spacing between dashboard items.
 Navigation objects let your audience navigate from one dashboard to another, or to
other sheets or stories. You can display text or an image to indicate the button's
destination to your users, specify custom border and background colors, and provide
informational tooltips.
 Download objects let your audience quickly create a PDF file, PowerPoint slide, or
PNG image of an entire dashboard, or a crosstab of selected sheets. Formatting
options are similar to Navigation objects.
 Extension objects let you add unique features to dashboards or integrate them with
applications outside Tableau.
 Ask Data objects let users enter conversational queries for specific data source fields,
which authors optimize for specific audiences such as sales, marketing, and support
staff

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Copy objects
You can copy and paste objects either within the current dashboard, or from
dashboards in other sheets and files. You can even copy objects between Tableau
Desktop and Tableau in your web browser.

You can't, however, copy the following:

 Sheets in a dashboard
 Items that rely on a specific sheet, such as filters, parameters, and legends
 Layout containers with something you can't copy inside them, like a sheet or
filter
 Objects on a device layout
 Dashboard titles

1. Select a dashboard object, and from the object menu, select Copy Dashboard

Item. Or from the main menu, select Dashboard > Copy Selected Dashboard
Item.

1. Go to the dashboard where you want to paste the object. Then either select

nothing to paste in the upper-left corner of the dashboard, or select an existing

item to paste next to.

2. In Tableau Desktop, choose File > Paste. In a browser, either choose

Edit > Paste or use the keyboard shortcut for pasting.

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3. The object is pasted 10 pixels below and to the right of the upper-left corner of

the dashboard or the selected object. To move the pasted object, drag the handle
at the top.

Set options for objects

Click the object to select it. Then click the arrow in the upper corner to open the
shortcut menu. (The menu options vary depending on the object.)

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Detailed options for Image objects
With the Image object, you can either insert image files into dashboards or link to
images posted on the web. In either case, you can specify a URL the image opens
when clicked, adding interactivity to your dashboard.
1. From the Objects section at left, drag an Image object to your dashboard at right.

Or, on an existing Image object in a dashboard, click the pop-up menu in the
upper corner, and choose Edit Image.
2. Click either Insert Image File to embed an image file into the workbook or Link

to Image to link to a web-based image.

3. If you're inserting an image, click Choose to select the file. If you're linking to an

image, enter its web URL.

4. Set remaining image fitting, URL linking, and alt text options. (Alt text describes

the image in screen-reading applications for improved accessibility.)

Consider linking to a web-based image when:

o The image is very large and your dashboard audience will view it in a
browser.
o The image is an animated GIF file.

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Detailed options for Navigation and Download objects

Navigation and Download objects have several unique options that help you visually
indicate a navigation destination or file format.

How hidden objects affect layouts

When a floating object is hidden, it simply reveals any objects beneath it. Show/Hide
buttons can be particularly helpful when you want to temporarily hide a floating group of
filters to reveal more of a visualization

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When a tiled object is hidden, the results depend on the object's level in the layout hierarchy.
 In most cases, you'll want to place objects you plan to hide in a Horizontal or
Vertical layout container, because hidden objects will have their space filled in
by other objects in the container.
 By contrast, in the Tiled layout container at the very top of the layout hierarchy, a
hidden object leaves blank space behind.
Add and configure a Show/Hide button
1. Select a dashboard object.
2. From the pop-up menu in the upper corner of the object, select Add Show/Hide
Button.

3. From the button menu, choose Edit Button Set these options:
a. Dashboard Item to Show/Hide specifies the target object. (An object can be
the target of only one Show/Hide button at a time. Choose None if you want to
target the object with another Show/Hide button.)
b. Button Style specifies whether image or text displays for the button.
c. Button Appearance specifies how the button looks when the item is both
shown and hidden. Click Item Shown and Item Hidden to choose different
images or text for each state.
d. Tooltip text provides explanatory text that appears when viewers hover over
the button.
4. If necessary, drag the button to a different location or resize it to better fit your layout.

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Experiment 7:Distributing & Publishing your Visualization.
1. Tableau file types
2. publishing to Tableau Online,
3. Sharing your visualizations,
4. printing, and Exporting.

1. Tableau File Types

Tableau's output after data analysis can be saved into different formats, which further can
be
distributed into different platforms.

These all are generally stored as xml file format, and it can be easily open and edited.

You can save your work using several different Tableau specific file types such as
bookmarks, workbooks, data extracts, packaged data files, and data connection files. Each
of these files is described below in detail:

Type File Purpose

Extensi
on

Tableau workbook can hold one or more

Tableau
(.twb) worksheets, and also hold zero or more stories
workbook
and dashboards.

Tableau bookmarks can hold a single worksheet

Tableau
(.tbm) that can be easily shared, and pasted into other
Bookmarks
workbooks.

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Tableau Tableau packaged workbook is a single zip file

Packaged (.twbx) which contains a workbook along with any

workbook supporting local file data and background

images. This is the best way to package your
work for

sharing with others who don't have access to the

original data.

Tableau data extract is a local copy of the entire

Tableau data (.hyper data set. It is used to share the data with others
or
Extract when you worked offline, and want to improve
.tde)
the performance.

Tableau data source file is a shortcut for quickly

connecting to the original data that you use
regularly. Data source file does not contain the
actual data, and they only contain the necessary
Tableau data
(.tds) information to connect with the actual data.
Source
You can modify the top of the actual data such
as creating calculated fields, changing default
properties, adding groups, and so on.

Tableau packaged data source is very similar to

Tableau
the tableau data source, but it has an addition of
Packaged Data (.tdsx)
data along with the connection details.
Source

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This file stores the color preferences, which is
Tableau
(.tps) used among all the datasheets. It is also used to
Preferences
generate a customized look for the users.

These files are saved in the associated folders in the My Tableau Repository directory,

which is created in your My Documents folder by default when you install Tableau.

[Link] to Tableau Online

1. With the workbook open in Tableau Desktop, click the Share button in the toolbar.

If you aren’t already signed in to Tableau Server or Tableau Cloud, do so now. If

you don’t have a site yet, you can create one on Tableau Cloud.

2. In the Publish Workbook dialog box, select the project to publish to.

3. Name the workbook according to whether you’re creating a new one or publishing
over an existing one.

4. Under Data Sources, select Edit. For Authentication, select Allow refresh access or
Embed password.

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5. Click Publish.

If this is your first time publishing a workbook, test it on the server and work out any
glitches before letting other users know the workbook is available.

Copy data in the view to clipboard

Copy the data used to generate the view so that you can paste it into another application.

1. Create a view.

2. Select Worksheet > Copy > Data.

3. Open another application, such as Word, and paste the data into the document.

In this example, the fields placed on the Columns, Rows, and Color shelves are
copied into the document. However, the Customer Segment field is not copied
because it is an external filter because it appears only on the Filters shelf.

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3. Sharing your visualization

When you publish to Tableau Public, as the name suggests, these views are publicly
accessible. This means that you share your views as well as your underlying data with
anyone with access to the internet. When sharing confidential information, consider Tableau
Server(Link opens in a new window) or Tableau Cloud(Link opens in a new window).

1. Select Server > Tableau Public > Save to Tableau Public.

2. Enter your Tableau Public credentials in the dialog box.

If you don't have a Tableau Public profile, click Create one now for free and follow
the prompts.

3. If you see this dialog box, open the Data Source page. Then in the top-right corner,
change the Connection type from Live to Extract.

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4. For the second (and last) time, select Server > Tableau Public > Save to Tableau
Public.

5. When your browser opens, review your embedded story. It will look like this:

6. Click Edit Details to update the title of your viz, add a description, and more.

7. Click Save.

Your story is now live on the web.

8. To share with colleagues, click Share at the bottom of your viz.

9. How do you want to share your story?

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a. Embed on your website: Copy the Embed Code and paste it in your web page
HTML.

b. Send a link: Copy the Link and send the link to your colleagues.

c. Send an email using your default email client by clicking the email icon.

d. Share on Twitter or Facebook by clicking the appropriate icon.

Use Tableau Server

Your story was a hit. You're going to publish it to Tableau Server so that your team can
view it online.

Publish to Tableau Server

1. Select Server > Publish Workbook or click Share on the toolbar.

2. Enter the name of the server (or IP address) that you want to connect to in the dialog
box and click Connect.

3. In the Name field, enter Improve Profits in the South.

4. If you want, enter a description for reference, for example "Take a look at the story I
built in Tableau Desktop!"

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5. Under Sheets, click Edit, and then clear all sheets except Improve Profits in the
South.

6. Click Publish.

Tableau Server opens in your internet browser. If prompted, enter your server
credentials.

The Publishing Complete dialog box lets you know that your story is ready to view.

Great work! You've successfully published your story using Tableau Server.

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Send a link to your work

Let's share your work with your teammates so that they can interact with your story online.

1. In Tableau Server, navigate to the Improve Profits in the South story that you
published. You will see a screen like this:

2. Click Improve Profits in the South.

Your screen will update to look like this:

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Awesome! This is your interactive, embedded story.

3. From the menu, select Share.

4. How do you want to share your story?

a. Embed on your website by copying the Embed Code and pasting it in your
web page HTML.

b. Send a link by copying the Link and sending the link to your colleagues.

c. Send an email by using your default email client: Click the email icon

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[Link] and Exporting:

1. Specify page setup options for each sheet in your workbook.

2. Select File > Print to PDF.

3. In the Print to PDF dialog box, select the print Range:

 Entire Workbook - Publishes all the sheets in the workbook.

 Active Sheet - Publishes only the sheet currently displayed in the workbook.

 Selected Sheets -Publishes the selected sheets. To select multiple sheets in a Tableau

workbook, hold down the Ctrl key as select sheet tabs along the bottom of the

Tableau workbook.

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4. Select a Paper Size. If you select Unspecified, the paper size will expand to the
necessary size to fit the entire view on a single page.

1. Select View PDF File After Printing if you want to automatically open the PDF
after creating it. This option is only available if you have Adobe Acrobat Reader or
Adobe Acrobat installed on your computer.

2. Select whether to Show Selections. When this option is selected the selections in the
views are maintained in the PDF.

3. Click OK and specify where you want to save the PDF. Then click Save.

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Export data in the view to Microsoft Access or .csv

Export the data that is used to generate the view as an Access database (Windows only) or
.csv file (Mac only).

1. In Tableau Desktop, select Worksheet > Export > Data.

2. Select a location and type a name for your Access database or .csv file.

3. Click Save.

Export crosstab of data in the view to Excel

 In Tableau Desktop: select Worksheet > Export > Crosstab to Excel.

If you're using a Mac, this option opens a dialog box where you can save the file. You

must then manually open the file in Excel.

 In Tableau Server or Tableau Cloud, open a view or dashboard and select Download

> Crosstab.

Select which sheets from the workbook to export data from.

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