Emma Park

US History

Chapter 24: World War Looms

Section 1
●​ Terms and names
○​ Lenin's successor, Joseph Stalin, established a totalitarian political
philosophy and system that ruled over the Russian people.
○​ Italy's fascist and totalitarian dictator Benito Mussolini
○​ Fascism: a viewpoint that supported nationalism
○​ Adolf Hitler was a dictator who seized power in Germany after serving as
chancellor and established a fascist regime. Nazism was the name of the
German movement that Hitler controlled.
○​ Francisco Franco rebelled against the Spanish government, which seized
power from a group of officers.
○​ The Neutrality Acts were laws passed to establish America's neutral
stance in the war.
●​ Main idea

Many dictators shared the desire for complete control over the country, as well as for the
consent and authority of its people.

Section 2
●​ Terms and names
 ○​ British Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain is well-known for his
appeasement of Nazi Germany.
○​ Winston Churchill is renowned for his defiance and strong leadership
during the World War. ii Appeasement: the practice of caving in to
belligerent countries' demands in order to prevent war
○​ Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union signed the Non-Aggressive Pact in
1939.
○​ Nazi Germany employed the blitzkrieg as a military tactic during World
War II.
○​ Charles de Gaulle was a French statesman and military commander who
was instrumental in the French resistance.
●​ Main idea

Germany's aggression precipitated the outbreak of the Second World War, which
signaled the start of numerous conflicts.

Section 3
●​ Terms and names
○​ The systematic, state-sponsored persecution and extermination of six
million Jews by Nazi Germany is known as the Holocaust.
○​ Kristallnacht was a bloody pogrom against Jews that took place in Nazi
Germany and Austria.
 ○​ Genocide is the deliberate eradication of a national, racial, ethnic, or
religious group.
○​ The Nazi regime established concentration camps to imprison, torture,
and eventually exterminate millions of innocent people. The ghetto was a
segregated area where Jews and other persecuted groups were forcibly
confined.
●​ Main idea

The systematic genocide of the Holocaust, in which the Nazi regime persecuted,
deported, and wiped out millions of Jews and other marginalized groups during World
War II, was predicted by Kristallnacht. It also made many Jews realize how urgent it was
to flee Germany and seek safety [Link] terrible events of Kristallnacht serve as a
sobering reminder of the Holocaust's horrors and the significance of remembering and
taking lessons from this troubling period of history.

Section 4
●​ Terms and names
○​ The United States launched the Lendlease Act in 1941 as a program to
provide military assistance
 ○​ Axis Powers were a coalition of nations led by Germany, Italy, and Japan
during World War II.
○​ United States President Franklin D. Roosevelt and British Prime Minister
Winston Churchill jointly issued the Atlantic Charter, which named the
alliance of countries that opposed the axis
○​ Hideki Tojo served as Japan's prime minister for a large portion of World
War II and was instrumental in directing Japan's aggressive military
campaign.
●​ Main idea

A devastating blow to the American military, the attack on Pearl Harbor claimed many
lives and destroyed battleships and aircraft. Public opinion was swayed in favor of
entering the war by the overwhelming shock and rage that the American people
experienced.

Chapter assessment
●​ Main idea
○​ Stalin's five-year plans, which sought to boost heavy industry production,
were centered on rapid industrialization. The economy was completely
 under state control, and substantial funds were devoted to industrial
initiatives like constructing factories, infrastructure, and enhancing
transportation systems.
○​ Fascist governments at the time in Germany and Italy gave Franco's
nationalist forces substantial military and logistical support.
○​ The goal of Germany's "lighting war" strategy was to surprise and leap the
enemy with military might at unexpected moments. Following the fall of
France, northern France was occupied, and a puppet government run by
Nazis was established.
○​ Targeting the Jewish population, the majority of nations had prohibited
Jewish immigrants from entering Germany out of fear of a run-in.
○​ Compared to the acts that claimed America's neutrality in the war, military
spending and weapon production had decreased.
○​ Although the Pearl Harbor attack was a major event that precipitated the
United States' entry into World War II, there were other events and factors
that contributed to the United States' involvement in the conflict before
that.

Critical thinking

cause effect

first blitzkrieg More combatants became accustomed to

the tactics.

allies stranded at dunkirk brought people together; to save the

soldiers, military ships and even private
boats arrived.

british radar detects german aircraft Britain learns of Germany's aggressive

behavior
lend-lease act improved ties between the allies of the
United States

●​ To engage their audiences and inspire their countries, each leader used a
different rhetorical technique. Churchill and Roosevelt used hope, unity, and
democratic principles to inspire their citizens during one of the most trying
periods in history, while Hitler used fear and hatred to energize his followers.
Their speeches and communication methods significantly influenced how World
War II unfolded and how each of their countries turned out.
●​ Poland's strategic location did play a major role in the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact,
also called the Nazi-Soviet Non-Aggression Pact, which was signed on August
23, 1939, just days before World War II broke out, between Germany and the
Soviet Union.