PRACTICE TEST

Subjects: Biology

Total Questions: 50
Total Marks: 200
Date: October 10, 2025
Time: 11:44 AM

Instructions:

Read each question carefully before answering.

Each question carries 4 marks.
Choose the most appropriate answer for multiple choice questions.
For numerical questions, round your answer to the nearest integer unless specified otherwise.
All questions are compulsory.
Each question carries 4 marks
Select the correct answer from the given options
Use the answer key at the end for self-assessment
Images and tables are included where applicable
Mathematical expressions are properly rendered using LaTeX

1. Ecological age groups of a population are I. pre-reproductive II. reproductive III. post-reproductive IV. old-age group V. adolescent age group
VI. infertile age group Choose the correct option for given statements
1 I, II and III
2 III, IV, V. VI
3 IV, V and VI
4 I, V and VI

2. Thorns as a means of defense is seen in

1 <em>Acacia</em>
2 <em>Cactus</em>
3 Both 1 and 2
4 <em>Calotropis</em>
3. In the sigmoid growth curve given below, the alphabets indicate the sequence of events. Choose the correct option where the alphabet specifies
the event.

1 A - Diminishing growth; B - Exponential growth; C - Slow growth; D - Stationary growth

2 A - Stationary phase; B - Phase of slow growth; C - Phase of rapid growth;
D - Phase of diminishing growth

3 A - Phase of slow growth; B - Phase of exponential growth; C - Phase of diminishing growth; D - Stationary phase
4 A - Phase of rapid growth; B - Phase of diminishing growth; C - Stationary phase; D - Phase of slow growth

4. Whales, the world's largest living mammals, live in the ocean, but why there are not very small aquatic mammals?
1 They cannot regulate body temperature effectively in water
2 They get eaten by large animals
3 Their kidneys cannot handle life in the marine environment
4 They lose too much heat from evaporation.

5. Which of the following is correct?

1 Very small animals are rarely found in polar regions
2 Archaebacteria can flourish in hot springs and deep sea hydrothermal vents where temperature is above 100 ∘
C

3 Both 1 and 2
4 None of them

6. Pollinator mutualism are special interactions involving ...A..., which receive food or a place to lay eggs and ...B..., which receive pollen from
other of their kind. Choose of correct option for A and B
1 A-insects; B-plants
2 A-plants; B-insects
3 A-prey; B-plants
4 A-predators; B-plants

7. Epiphyte is an example of
1 Predation
2 Competition
3 Parasitism
4 Commensalism
8. The base of an age pyramid is represented by
1 Reproductive age group
2 Post reproductive age group
3 Pre reproductive age group
4 Dead organisms

9. Which of the following substance are produced by plants as defense against grazers and browsers?
1 Nicotine, Caffeine
2 Quinine, Strychnine
3 Opium
4 All of them

10. The different pyramids that are available are

1 Growing − Triangular shaped

2 Stable − Bell shaped

3 Declining − Urn shaped

4 All of them

11. Identify the organisms in the diagram

1 Fig and wasp

2 Bumble bee + orchid
3 Mango + orchid
4 Sea anemone + orchid
12.

Plants need the help of insects and Plants offer rewards in the form of pollen

animals for pollinating their flowers and and nectar for pollinators.

dispersing their seeds.

1 Statement A is correct but Statement B is incorrect.

2 Statement A is incorrect but Statement B is correct.
3 Both statements are correct.
4 Both Statements are incorrect.

13. What type of human population is represented by the given age pyramid?

1 a Expanding population
2 b Vanishing population
3 c Stable population
4 d Declining population

14. Animals like snail and fish go into____to avoid summer related problems and animal like bear go into ____ to avoid winter related stress.
1 Hibernation, aestivation
2 Migration, hibernation
3 Aestivation, hibernation
4 Aestivation, migration

15. Reproductive fitness is also known as

1 Darwinian fitness
2 biotic potential
3 Genetic fitness
4 None of these

16. In the American Pacific Coast, removal of the starfish Pisaster, invertebrates become extinct due to
1 Intraspecific competition
2 Interspecific competition
3 Interpopulation competition
4 Interregion competition

17. In the logistic growth equation

dN K−N
= rN ( )
dt K

K represents
1 Environmental resistance
2 Intrinsic rate of natural increase
3 Carrying capacity
4 Biotic potential
18. Exotic species are also called I. extinct species II. alien species II. non-indigenous species IV. non-native species Choose the correct
combination
1 I, II and III
2 II, III and IV
3 I, II and IV
4 I, II, III and IV

19. Coralloid roots of Cycas shows

1 mutualism
2 commensalism
3 parasitism
4 amensalism.

20. In which of the following habitats, the average temperatures exceeds 100
∘
C

1 Thermal springs
2 Deep-hydrothermal vents
3 Tropical deserts in summer
4 Both 1 and 2

21. Find odd one out, according to parasitism.

1 Lice
2 Plasmodium
3 Bedbug
4 Mite

22. If the stressful external conditions are localised or remain only for a short duration, what are the alternatives for survival?
1 Regulate
2 Hibernate
3 Migrate
4 Both 2 and 3

23. The r value for Norway rat, flour beetle and human population in1981 is ____
1 0.15, 01.2, 0.0205

2 0.015, 0.12, 0.0205

3 0.0015, 0.0205, 0.12

4 1.5, 0.012, 0.0502

24. Match Column I I nteraction with Column II SpeciesAandB :

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

A. Mutualism P. +A, 0B

B. Commensalism Q. –A, 0B

C. Amensalism R. +A, –B

D. Parasitism S. +A, +B

1 A-S, B-Q, C-P, D-R

2 A-S, B-P, C-Q, D-R
3 A-S, B-R, C-P, D-Q
4 A-R, B-P, C-S, D-Q
25. Consider the following statements.
I. Brood parasitism in birds is an example of parasitism in which the parasitic bird lays its eggs in the nest of its host and host incubates them.
II. During the course of evolution, the eggs of the parasite bird have evolved to resemble the host's eggs in size and colour and reduce the
chances of the host bird detecting the foreign eggs and removing them from the nest.

1 I is true, but II is false

2 II is true, but I is false
3 Both I and II are true
4 Both I and II are false

26. If b = 65 and d is = 45 N = 100 than find out dN/dt

1 2000
2 1000
3 200
4 100

27. Match the columns I and II.

A. Pacific salmon fish P. Breed only once

B. Most birds and mammals Q. Small-sized offspring

C. Oysters R. Breed many times

1 A − R, B − P, C − Q ,
2 A − Q, B − R, C − P ,
3 A − P, B − R, C − Q ,
4 A − Q, B − P, C − R

28. Biosphere is:

1 A component in the ecosystem
2 Composed of the plants present in the soil
3 Life in the outer space
4 Composed of all living organisms present on earth which interact with the physical environment

29. Migration refers to

1 One way outward movement
2 One way inward movement
3 Periodic departure and return
4 Death of individual

30. Consider the given statements. I. Recent studies do not support competition as suggested in 'Gause's Competitive Exclusion Principle'. II.
Gause's hypothesis says if two species compete for same resources then one will be eliminated by another species. III. More recent studies point
out that species facing competition might evolve mechanisms that promote co-existence rather than exclusion. IV. Gause's competitive
exclusion principle is effective when resources are in excess. Choose the correct combination of statements.
1 I, II and III
2 II, III and IV
3 III, IV and I
4 None of these
31. The equation of Verhulst-Pearl logistic growth is . From this equation, K indicates:
dN K−N
= rN [ ]
dt K

1 Carrying capacity
2 Population density
3 Intrinsic rate of natural increase
4 Biotic potential

32. Read the Statement - A and Statement - B carefully to mark the correct options given below:

Gause's competitive exclusion principle According to Gause's principle, during

states that two closely related species competition, the inferior will be

competing for different resources cannot eliminated. This may be true if resources

exist indefinitely. are limiting.

1 Statement A is correct but Statement B is incorrect.

2 Statement A is incorrect but Statement B is correct.
3 Both statements are correct.
4 Both Statements are incorrect.

33. A : The cattle egrets and grazing cattles show commensalism. R: Egrets catch those insects which are found due to cattle grazing.
1 If both Assertion & Reason are true and the Reason is the correct explanation of the Assertion.
2 If both Assertion & Reason are true but the Reason is not the correct explanation of the Assertion.
3 If Assertion is true statement but Reason is false.
4 If both Assertion & Reason are false statements.

34. The life cycles of endoparasites are more complex because of their extreme specialisation. They are
1 Morphological and anatomical features are greatly simplified
2 High reproductive potential.
3 Low reproductive potential.
4 Both 1 and 2

35. Match the columns I and II.

A. Hibernation P. Snails and fish

B. Aestivation Q. Zooplankton

C. Diapause R. Bears

1 A − R, B − P, C − Q

2 A − Q, B − R, C − P

3 A − P, B − R, C − Q

4 A − Q, B − P, C − R
36. What does ' X ' denote in the following diagram.

1 Key abiotic process

2 Key biotic process
3 Key biotic factor
4 Key abiotic factor

37. The following interaction is seen in

1 Competition
2 Commensalism
3 Amensalism
4 Parasitism

38. The carrying capacity is determined by its

1 Death rate
2 Limiting resource
3 Population growth rate
4 Both 2 and 3

39. Zero growth of population is indicated by

1 Less number of child birth
2 Less number of reproductive females
3 Reproductive individual is equal to pre-reproductive individuals
4 Less number of male then females
40. An example for conformers and regulators are respectively
1 99% animals and Peacock
2 99% animals and a sparrow
3 99% animals and a tiger
4 All the above

41. Population size technically is called

1 Growth curve
2 Demography
3 Population density
4 Age pyramid

42.

The eggs of the parasitic bird have Koel is the host and crow is the parasite

evolved to resemble the host's egg in size

and colour to reduce the chances of the

host bird detecting the foreign eggs and

ejecting them from the nest.

1 Statement A is correct but Statement B is incorrect.

2 Statement A is incorrect but Statement B is correct.
3 Both statements are correct.
4 Both Statements are incorrect.

43. Select the correct answer

I. In higher plants, seeds and some other vegetative reproductive structures serve as means to tide over periods of stress besides
II. Plants do so by increasing their metabolic activity and going into a state of 'dormancy' conditions.

1 Only I is correct
2 Only II is correct
3 Both are correct
4 None are correct
44. Match the columns I and II.

A. Natality P. Number of births during a given period

B. Mortality Q. Number of individuals of the same

C. Immigration species that have come into the habitat

D. Emigration R. Number of deaths during a given

period

S. Number of individuals of the

population who left the habitat

1 A − R, B − P, C − Q, D − S

2 A − S, B − R, C − P, D − Q

3 A − P, B − R, C − Q, D − S

4 A − Q, B − P, C − R, D − S

45. Human liver fluke has two intermediate hosts in its life cycle to complete its life cycle, these are
1 Snail and Human
2 Snail and fish
3 Crustacean and fish
4 Mosquito and Snail

46. I. Population evolve to maximise their reproductive fitness, also called Darwinian reproductive fitness higherrvalue, in the habitat in which
they live. II. The housefly, which has a short life span and produces a large number of eggs, could be considered as a 'r' selected species. III.
The housefly, which has a short life span and produces a large number of eggs, could be considered as a 'K' selected species. IV. Under a
particular set of selection pressures, organisms evolve towards the most efficient reproductive strategies. V. Life history traits of organisms have
evolved in relation to the constraints imposed by biotic and abiotic factors in their habitat. Select the combination of correct statements.
1 I, II and III
2 I, III and IV
3 III, IV and V
4 All except III

47. Lichens are association of:

1 Bacteria and fungus
2 Fungus and virus
3 Fungus and mycorrhizae
4 None of them

48. In a laboratory there are 40 fruit flies last week and during experiment 4 fruit flies died in a week. Calculate the death rate.
1 0.1 individual per fruitfly per year
2 0.36 individual per fruitfly per week
3 0.4 individual per fruitfly per week
4 0.1 individual per fruitfly per week

49. To avoid the competitive exclusion principle two similar species live in same area, they may evolve to become more different in order to
1 Reduce competition
2 Increase competition
3 Use other species resources
4 Drive the other species to extinction
50. Two different species cannot live for long duration in the same niche or habitat. This law is
1 Allen's law
2 Gause's hypothesis
3 Dollo's rule
4 Weismann's theory.
 ANSWER KEY

Q1: I, II and III

Q2: Both 1 and 2

Q3: A - Phase of slow growth; B - Phase of exponential growth; C - Phase of diminishing growth; D -
Stationary phase

Q4: They cannot regulate body temperature effectively in water

Q5: Both 1 and 2

Q6: A-insects; B-plants

Q7: Commensalism

Q8: Pre reproductive age group

Q9: All of them

Q10: All of them

Q11: Bumble bee + orchid

Q12: Both statements are correct.

Q13: d Declining population

Q14: Aestivation, hibernation

Q15: Darwinian fitness

Q16: Interspecific competition

Q17: Carrying capacity

Q18: II, III and IV

Q19: mutualism

Q20: Both 1 and 2

Q21: Plasmodium

Q22: Both 2 and 3

Q23: 0.015, 0.12, 0.0205

Q24: A-S, B-P, C-Q, D-R

Q25: Both I and II are true

Q26: 2000

Q27: A − P, B − R, C − Q ,

Q28: Composed of all living organisms present on earth which interact with the physical environment

Q29: Periodic departure and return

Q30: I, II and III

Q31: Carrying capacity

Q32: Statement A is incorrect but Statement B is correct.

Q33: If both Assertion & Reason are true and the Reason is the correct explanation of the Assertion.

Q34: Both 1 and 2

Q35: A − R, B − P, C − Q

Q36: Key abiotic factor

Q37: Commensalism

Q38: Limiting resource

Q39: Reproductive individual is equal to pre-reproductive individuals

Q40: All the above

Q41: Population density

Q42: Statement A is correct but Statement B is incorrect.

Q43: Only I is correct

Q44: A − P, B − R, C − Q, D − S

Q45: Snail and fish

Q46: All except III

Q47: None of them

Q48: 0.1 individual per fruitfly per week

Q49: Reduce competition

Q50: Gause's hypothesis