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OSY Notes

Operating system notes

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6 views12 pages

OSY Notes

Operating system notes

Uploaded by

shelarsiddhi59
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF or read online on Scribd
ak oD maks _ A Operating System Sewvidiodl Operating systém: fe Operating sstem- Lisystemn SeAtwane thot manages all the icesources of ithe. computing devices. a + Acts as interface bet software aa Fewer post computer. L Popular. operating, system — unix pwindews, MS- Dos, herr u sanrcheni 2 a ee Cee = sp idlyisas ne | Sofware Spstemv i.) onc Applico tion. wSoitter aces OTT Ce wore] operating ee os] cp pam). Glo | 2 1) herd wore 3 * Sade Eee shell > use I physicol part of computer. i L lowest: layem ay kernelg — brain’ of 0S'€ controls hard dare) L come of operoting system IF Manages hard warre dierectly L provides essential, sewices, likes. Process Mane gement angie fat interact bel™ user @ kernel edakes commands from user. TArandates commands ie instruction the Ke ton understand. _ TH) User rohow user communicates lover user interacts. > CLI (tommend line interf 3 GUI Covophical user [ETepmest where nterFace)- gro. HP Funclions of Operating Systems 1p memeny managements } to anages Main memow and storege Lots Jala tdeieaess to Terre sco. sser different faske assigns processor to tes execution of proctses [4 File managements mer ; Manages stowoge , etnivel ,oaming, shaving protectin # files. focock = keeps 7) baron fectiang oi Ldetecka Q mepetS eames: = provides debugging tocle, dumps & enon mess 8) Control Laewade system performance over system performance? tmonitows deloys & ceapanse times 1h Dittaneh Fypes oP 0S 3 ¥ 4H) Batch os: sone of the eldest os batches >A job = set of EJebs with similar needs ave grouped & cur without a Monitor Pe — monitor centrale job Gans z bs one by one from input & gi vest ne Y P Pes befere execution mmonds prejrame, & db together User inleraclion = _eeady canto! to Paint job watructians job smexk = Pare cessor of views o » ald se puis preyramering beeps ceo Ls shy axensting| nother job Ghea ene job we eaiting seb! aaa: Jebon £ with qneltipregrermin rarer Adventegess __| PerogcamA [Fun] DBetter CPU utilization a) less idle time Can prowss lorge dota lefhiiently o i 4y Ideal fore _ mana: ing lauge srepetitive task | combined PPR] oat [RFS war sy handle high mee of Jobs at ence | Programa weitftun! woik Jed wait = eMulliprogramming with tao prageame Disedvanages: 4 -FeAdvandag es an Lack of aol time feedback jo Linertase resource akion. of computer sysbemt 2) Difficall debugging : nertass the theoughpul ef system 3) No clineck user interactions pian L waiting Hime fox program meduced 4 To heavy jobs woste CPU time overall an Fara) m Hiprogrommed + Ls = muldipregtamming meand running multiple preqr the same time using a Single cpu — aking: LE Expensive [nm maintenance aero ‘execates oneayah-|thiithe Geb de oot tage = needs sdvanced mermony Mmanagemend & €Pd s < the .¢pU switches to another joh ss T needs large memory & taster To deveesy : 7 Wes This woy, rhe CPO is neveridle i dheaw te + deta _qret problem due to multi v Same job to oun = | memony ¢4 same leimes Goalg Te increase CPU ulilization € make belfen Wwitches bet” jobs when shew oneie woitin ie Use of system cresources | oe cy Severo] Folks ave kept in memory af once—CPU | * oe Hs) multitasking: Lerunning emul EEPU Saitches Point Multi tasking, MLL programming ia L meaning | CPO executes mul CPOvexerubes muldiph ory 4aaks Sienulteneously. \peegramd in me | Handles many tasks sale many task of same time ome ofsame time| Fi allows a compuler 4ovun many pregwams together making 1k fast & etficent but ik OR rE Gor aatitched Squier bet” fasks, logical extension of | Base techniques te mulliprogramming oith beep CPO busy ‘| dime “shaving. ser productivity ~many Jask af Same 4 proved overall, pea€ormance oF computer 5 Example || Browsing eb, playny Running compiler music tent editow. Do mows memomy & mesource.s Berintera | User can interact... use cannot intrral CPU opceds must ~be very high 42 hendle sui hala - ultiple daske —_Smeothly, 1 focuses “On fig eeSeurte allocation, among proses lege volume of dat. multiple users Easedi riieni ronment like salelliter contwal Single tomputer veyalem. oT pall pmrocessow oharer ee “EOS +20 devices + Ensening each user gets a oy eresources r provide | cespensive & interackive envieonment | ee esers. E-9., windows. an a= users ee Users fink bei ie net eal jages : y. problem meouni cetion problem om plex REDMI 10 | DIDI ct = 6. Distributed System: yy Fiatilection ef ovtonemoss Compulers connected network K middleware. work together appear #e uSer | £4Sin gle. shay peach has lite den local | therewgh = computers as memor of independent romputer has its own loca L consiet no. shared smemory J-eath eee use imi +t #7-| Real time 08 3 . A Jjthe. hos 405 be scornpleted seithin fixed deadline defined y fixed time constraints. if job is net completed! within «given Aime ther] Systern_mey Send dinie forideing the eperolion = crespense time important. __f process deals ‘with diggle opplicabion set a Hime b Gonstaoinks ane § i hawel crea} Lime avid " tosky ave Gompleted on time yatero s p guarentee eno deley isiollowed Peg. nutleey power plant antrol, flight eandvol I middlewere sevice | 2>Soff oral time ost wae = less strict dos should finish on Hime bub | : [ecto] | # Rdventagess 5 small delays rE g:, mullimedia, woboties are_acreptable: “xtee]] Yeates] > Reliakility ~ failune ef ane computer docs act sPagil whole System! a> incecmentel geewths ‘ew machine ton be a 4 a 8) Rescurce Shaving? hardware , sodwane & . Meni art cen rr | Je>Aleibility: Easy te expand, install & debug cost effective a FA coting idificull e locote & fix problem eflwere 9 pert Belerking problems & dota los: ey encumei a9 4) mene complex __RAdvonfages? useful fox creol ti ay well defined. 4 Disadvantages |) very complex 25 expensive © difficuld +0 maintains Sy mow difficult to backup | "GS weeds gee an | THF. [mobile 05s FE opeo seunce mobile operating system | de by Google based) on linux bene Emainly for fouchsercen devices = Supperts Smantphenes tablets 1Smaat Tv + Ber Lion can be downloaded from, Ge ploy. etowe fi sbluctasth, INFC pac LSGUORS eter cpp Capen source) Pe . talegnpi tn) “anu “\—ummunity Reach) sd a1 . ng ,widgels notifications Wennveclivil « fondaoid. }— Reduced cost Eat deve leprnent increased “meal cattio 7 APdventagesi D> Open source & cost etfeckive Seppet, apps & customiz ae fommand line Based nae THD ms-Doss = = Stands foc Dish “operating 9ytem develeped by _| Microsoft aS MS=Dos > single usec, single tasking » command line 06. = does not have GUI instead 34 USES common, [typed ok Command Prompt. T manages files, memory & hardware devices widely used jo carly, Peo before windows Architecuwe of Dost = 1) Applica tion. Programs t user programs 3 word prowssowS, aradioond [games whith wequiwe Dos. sewices. BY Resident, eystem programa “internal commands & essential system Glas ahich: remain in memeny to contol operation 8> ms -DoS Devired dive z handle inputfoutput devices keyboord, painter, | 4> Pom - Bios: basic System stowed — Tew Jevel communicokion be?) Ihawdeanral Beles sAdventagesé vidgets, User comenunity s net olweys geod U-cienple® eax te use basic operotion Resident Syeterproyrams] 2 nequiaes very little Agplicalion preqvary EWiimie en I pe ais Romgros device drivers 2 Disadvan: ng intesface am cor |__# Advonteg as: olher 06 tempenents S_ Lowen Ht CUL based oss cur Gur 'Y Text based initenfere 9]! visual based tmlesfaccs 2) Faster [> Slower BD difficult to use 3 Easy, to use aca * features? yp fortabs ity 2 Run on man | howdwave ‘plottem Te} Malfiuaer «rman at some dime ‘SSPrevider scripting Tong uage Teichametion L ed in 1569 et AT&T lobo by ken Thompson. Dennig Fitchie ,ete- D multidiser, multi asking C1 based 08 ap Uses 4 _ unix: Vrdeve Bell user can es coramand inerpteter belt user & Few “ywidely used in Seavers, 1) powerful CLT sphigh\eecusity Caclicbility Joy lack. of standardization = 8)scolabl¢ works for small] di fferen{ 4o version Systems Bao anae > Gp. Catsrmenclo| rs Sy acquires technical fnewledy beggine: wersions ame aq 4 consumes low mem | 4S consumes high mem: ee Sp net much Flerible } less user friendly S more user friendly. 7) Egy DOS, Unix 7 € 9° windows, linux di} Windewe =Windews OS developed by mi micrrosehl. F GUT based 08 “Tiprovides eons, menus, v ~windows (012 windouw Nor) Rist nile “ay user ea 2> compotible with mest ind Bee \D works on both pes & é detects hab awal ae | F Disodventoges: ah “] 4 eComponentsg expensive J . kerne)§ corre: Beit hardware & systero le needs lowge FAM, Powerful CPO & showeg 1 En Ia m [a> mere vulnerable te mieuses & hackers. F ee To} aystem Vibrate Wrenn are tot #9) | Linux? a my ~ l@systern obi 1 Pevtorm specific Faske. i fTinux os > = = - Sl f ‘System |_| user | fuser |» [pomuiless) #Adventagest % Disodvantages 3” To [SeFtewaras) [pre ubhity | J tweig ht { I> Hard ware oot ait ti a tasking. | issues ESE ‘Qstem libraries Ty 3} Good netwrorlein g ’ a t " — I 4) stoble BWsteeper learning curve [So| fn hemel Pssl && epenissverce boas . 8) Secure Lack of standardization |< (o[er ea weeredmdales Did 77 St) eFective <0 S=- _— Copy Gard. lop +28) Mac088 3 Multiuser’ many users can access system ot Same ti ___ Prsecune 1 Parswords, enenyption, entrelied access. = a> Pertoble: works on different hasdware &) open sources farce,Souree code available to everyen b pm. 7 a I oro uctivi} tools? Pages, numbers, kegnot ie Taletace Clean & easy te use o cies ty :Feolures tow visually | impaiered= "eo frultimedta + madd, phelom Gaokoue 5) Cloud ort? iCloud for syncing &> Security? Built ia pwotection like [ Acqua [Program executions 08 loads programe in meme classic _Cavbon | Cocoa Sava] Apel i Darwin, # Aachitecture & hiauns them @ endé them nevmally ov abnownally 2)T10 operations s Manages input @ ovdpul [o>File eystem management glete usews creole, cead, trite, save & delete Files: frat files details Y) Darwin Ccor® 05) i (Based [Link] igo lager; Classic . canbon, Cocoa» Tava User nlerface, a. Sila Nep-te hic sAdvontages 2 Pisodvanlogess Hy Simple & gmooth VI worksonly on. ® Reliable hardware + ay highvpexfermence € Speed © very stable atewer bugs hard wave a ® Mac preducl > Fast Os aan 4% Di ffewot cee of OS System calls g ust iRiather syclem pregy 4) Communications Allows spre cesses. fo communicate & ab __ share Yaoi tL) [Dy bowor Attections finde & fixes ewer ies TENS DPesource allocations distribute pi WPYACBUTH ng TReeps accords #f mesource usage by each process. — |B Paolection & secwity; coolael acess of usexs/ | | _pregroms 42 data % resources 9) User interfaces’ Provides vay for users fot interack with System: 1} CL CCommand line inter Face) = texck based 2) GUT (Graphical user ‘inter face) sein 3) Botch Interface command Ale | Jerm | | Resousce oysters) |smce} [Acco e fer eveca # Sysdem Colles : 4 Tolormation maintenance’ bade ac crucial interface bet? eu: p Lused fon transfering inte bel” user T& kernel : 2 ‘ provide system & prowess dota 4 : a 7 number of) users, tree qmememy a Types of Systero Colles — LE Bige Get [oct time or date = set system dota I) Process & Tob contre! & To P Sa Get eek Process Lused to carole execute, Jerminate o cntwo! processes + File phelps io enrom handling /woitiny fow evenks & ae “changing Process poronity 4 1D Communications~ fg. tbxecute + Get/s vi [Fenables exchange sf info bet® provesses. + Caeate RF a i _*e Two modele: siTerminade process + [ty messages passing: = processes communicote by sending /weceiving messa, a) File Monegement Tie a mailbox L provide opewation for cae : ‘ clesing » reading » & wating 2 Shaaed memoays _ a menage diascteries & File elmbule like drpe nama £ Protease’ shana region of memory © exchange Eg. + Creote | delete files info dincctly» As + Open Jelose Fi Egurestoblish connection. | = Transferctalus into | + Bead [unite ‘ } “esend [witeivbs iestageey > + cacate/ delete dinecory a rey 1.4 Operoting Syelero. Components & + | 3) Device managements | E S sare feces like files, System calle used Fou) on atleases a device ic ollowkd ,precesses can perform acod [walle scl davice atteibutes | [Ny Process Management 5 P prolcdss: ts '0 pregram In execdtlenn Facquices ¢t¥, memory , files & 3/0 di cates these resources whens és d [write /meposition on device +08 cespo device oftoibutes es \yemeation & deletion of 2) Suspension & wesumpdi eee eee were vide &> handles dead memery managements legge erway of _werde/ byies direct “ory & alo devices emery effectively. ties a) decide qbich process/data fo m memory, BMGs... cote & deallocole memeny eve ing 3) ch part of memory isused & 4} General device daiver interface > daivers fom hardware devices. S) Secondary Stevage management $- te mein mem. F progcams stowed on dick until needed. Os cresponsibilities + ‘ free epace management J 13> File Management t- I Fite = collection ¢f eclotec! WnMeiaEanuat iia Stoned on secondary ‘ghorege 1% Fergenized in dimectories fom easy USE. OS aesponsibilities &- tp ewcate & delete files 19) cacate & delete dicectories 8 Backup file 4) map files onto stowase devices Device Management z ke printers, disks. tape deiver using device noes deivens REDMI 10 | DID

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