Forms of Tourism
1. Introduction
2. Regions
3. Forms of tourism
4. Intra regional tourism
5. Inter regional tourism
6. Inbound tourism
7. Outbound tourism
8. Domestic Tourism
9. International tourism
According to UN & WTO ,forms of tourism in
relation to a given country -
◦ Domestic Tourism –Travelling within country of
residence
◦ Inbound Tourism – Non residents travelling in given
country
◦ Outbound Tourism – Residents travelling in another
country
To define a tourism region, governmental
organisation or travelling bureau has to
consider....
◦ Common culture
◦ Environmental characteristics
Countries, state, provinces, and other
administrative regions are grouped together
to form tourist regions
Increased Travelling due to –
◦ Increase in disposable income
◦ Development of faster methods of transportation
Governments across the globe encouraging
the development of tourism regions
Tourism is going to be a huge money earner
Regions special attractions are promoted
Intra regional Tourism -
◦ Tourism within regions
◦ Primarily domestic tourism
◦ Regions like Maharashtra, Kerala , Rajasthan
◦ Due to increase in travel and huge potential
of tourism growth, countries have grouped
together into a regions in order to jointly
promote tourism within their countries eg.
ASEAN, The Mediterranean region
Intra regional Tourism-
◦ Some countries have created speciality
regions such as “Wine Regions” Eg.
California’s wine country
◦ Establish Coherent tourism region such as
The Euro-region of Tyrol –South Tyrol -
Trentino
Inter regional Tourism-
◦ Travel between /amongst different
regions
◦ Could be domestic travel eg. Travel
between Mumbai and Jaipur
◦ Could be International too eg. Travel
between India & Singapore
◦ Inter-regional travel undertaken for
both business and pleasure
To encourage Inter regional Tourism-
◦ Some countries offer special discounted fares and
competitive holiday packages
◦ Some countries offer to waive aside visa fees
◦ Some countries offer facility like Visa on arrival
◦ Arrange shopping festivals eg. Dubai shopping
festival , Singapore shopping festival
Inbound Tourism –
◦ Tourist traffic into a country
◦ Traveller from another country visit for business or
holiday
◦ Inbound tourist are an important source of revenue
◦ It is substantial earner of foreign exchange for a
country
◦ For many small islands this is the principal export
Inbound Tourism is Uk’s 3rd largest export
attracting 32m overseas visitors every year
These visitors generate 19bn pounds per
annum in export earnings for the UK
economy
This type of Tourism generates large amount
of income in payment for goods and services
This type of Tourism generates large amount
of income in payment for goods and services
such as –
◦ Transportation –airlines, ships, road, railways
◦ Hospitality – hotels, resorts, accommodation,
◦ Entertainment venues – amusement parks, casinos,
shopping malls, music venues, theatres
China showed tremendous growth Inbound
Tourism because of –
◦ Beijing Olympics 2008
◦ Expo Shanghai – 2010
◦ Other International events
The forex revenue of tourism in China
reached US$35 billion
Inbound Tourism has some negative social
and environmental outcomes
Sustainable tourism development is becoming
increasingly important
It is becoming crucial that countries
determine ways to balance pros and cons of
negative social and environmental outcomes
while maximizing positive impacts
Each year, World Tourism Organisation compiles a list
of the most visited countries according to the number
of international tourist arrival for every country.
Top 3 Most visited cities by international tourists
arrival –
1. Paris
2. London
3. New York City
Resident travel out of his place of residents to
a country other than one he resides
Europe is currently the top source market for
tourists
Asia & the pacific, the middle east and Africa
recorded the strongest average annual growth
rate
Majority of international tourists (80%) travel
within their own region
According to reports number of trips from one
region to another has increased at a faster rate
than the number of intra-regional trips
Industrialized countries remain the primary
source markets for international tourists
India is one of the fastest growing
outbound travel markets
9.8 million international tourist departures
from India in 2007
International tourism expenditures
increased to US$8.2 billion in 2008
When tourists travel within their own country
eg. Travel from Mumbai to Delhi
Domestic Tourism is an important source of
business for the tourism industry though not a
forex earner
In India, most popular mode of transportation
for Domestic Tourism is “Bus”
Bus and train together accounts for 90% of all
domestic travels
Domestic Tourism in India helps in
achieving understanding between various-
◦ Linguistic Groups
◦ Religious Groups
◦ Communal Groups
The ministry of tourisms’ vision is to achieve
a level of 760 million domestic tourist visits
by the year 2011
Slide in Rupee has resulted in benefits to
domestic tourism
Many Indian tourists shifting their focus to
domestic travel
Destinations such as Maharashtra, Kerala,
Rajasthan, Goa, Sikkim are seeing spurt in
Indian travellers
Domestic tourism is more stable
Activity of people visiting destinations outside of
their own country
Eg. Travel to Bali ,Indonesia from Mumbai ,India
It is temporary movement of people from their
place of residence to another place for reasons
such as –
◦ Leisure
◦ Business
◦ Health interest
◦ Other reasons
International tourist arrivals worldwide grew by
5.7% in the first 2 months of 2012
Demand remained strong in advanced and
emerging economy destinations
As per UNWTO ,in 2011 International Tourism
receipts exceeded US $1 trillion
International Tourism receipts grew by 3.8% in
2011
BRIC countries –Brazil, Russia, India and China
continued to stand out in terms of growth in
International Tourism
In mid 2012, the leisure outbound travel out of India
declined due to-
◦ Depreciating rupee
◦ Rising air fares
International Tourists are opting for short haul
International holidays
30-35% increase in Indian travellers going
to South East Asia
Tourism in India is the largest service
industry with a contribution of 6.23% to the
national GDP
According to World travel and Tourism
Council, India will be tourist hotspot from
2009-2018
India’s rich history and its cultural and
geographical diversity make its International
Tourism appeal large and diverse.
In order to sustain tourism , emphasis must be
paid to saving and protecting our ecology
Tourism has enormous potential for generating
employment and earning large forex
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