Ex.
No:
Date : Networking Basic Commands
Objectives:
To analyze the network basic commands.
Introduction:
In networking there are various commands that can be used to check the connectivity of the
networking devices and it is also required at time of troubleshooting of devices. We will be
discussing few of the networking commands such as color help, ipconfig
,ipconfig/all ,nslookup ,tracert commands.
Requirements:
1. End Device (Command Prompt)
2. Ethernet & Internet Services
3. Commands
Commands Execution:
1. ipconfig:
This networking commands is used to the IP configuration details. This command provides you the
details like IPv4 address ,Subnet Mask or Default Gateway.
C:\Users\KARE>ipconfig
Output:
2. ipconfig /all:
This command can be understood as the updated version of the ipconfig command. This command
tells us the physical address of our device. It tells us various details of our computer such as
IPv4,IPv6 default Gateway ,subnet mask ,also it tells to which devices our device is
connected ,configuration details of the devices to which are devices are connected.
C:\Users\KARE>ipconfig /all
Output:
3. hostname:
The hostname command displays the hostname of the system. The hostname command is much
easier to use than going into the system settings to search for it.
C:\Users\KARE>hostname
Output:
4. systeminfo:
This Command is used to display all the necessary information about our System such as
configuration, version, hostname, processor details network card details etc.
C:\Users\KARE>systeminfo
Output:
5. nslookup:
This command is use to transform the given searched words into their corresponding IP addresses.
C:\Users\KARE>nslookup
C:\Users\KARE>nslookup Destination Hostname / Destination IP Address
Output:
6. ping:
Ping command is used to get to know if the particular site can be reached by the ping command.
The ping command checks this by sending the packets of data to the destination address and if the
data returns to us in the given time frame then it means that the particular website can be
reached .We can do this by writing the ping and we write the IP address of the site we want to
search.
C:\Users\KARE>ping IPAddress (or) C:\Users\KARE>ping hostname
C:\Users\KARE>ping -t IPAddress / Hostname
Output:
7. tracert:
This command can be understood as trace root. Which tells that our computer reaches or hits
which-which server for reaching the particular root.
C:\Users\KARE>tracert IPAddress (or) C:\Users\KARE>tracert hostname
Output:
8. pathping:
pathping is similar to tracert, except it is more informative and takes a lot longer to execute. After
sending out packets from you to a given destination, it analyzes the route taken and computes
packet loss on a per-hop basis.
C:\Users\KARE>pathping IPAddress (or) C:\Users\KARE>pathping hostname
Output:
9. netstat:
It is a command line tool that is identify and display the connections and ports connected to our
computer when we write netstat command on CLI(Command Line Interface). It tells us active
connections with our computer and it tells us local address ,foreign address and the state of the
device. In local address first 8 digits specify the local address of our computer and and last 5 digits
tells the port number to which our computer is connected . In netstat command there are various
subcommands such as netstat -n, netstat -a,netstat -b, netstat -f.
C:\Users\KARE>netstat
Output:
[Link]:
Getmac is a Windows command used to display the Media Access Control (MAC) addresses
for each network adapter in the computer.
C:\Users\KARE>getmac
Output:
[Link]:
The arp command displays and modifies the Internet-to-adapter address translation tables used by
the Address in Networks and communication management. The arp command displays the current
ARP entry for the host specified by the HostName variable. The host can be specified by name or
number, using Internet dotted decimal notation.
C:\Users\KARE>arp -a
Output:
12. route:
The route command allows you to make manual entries into the network routing tables.
The route command distinguishes between routes to hosts and routes to networks by interpreting
the network address of the Destination variable, which can be specified either by symbolic name or
numeric address. The route command resolves all symbolic names into addresses, using either
the /etc/hosts file or the network name server.
C:\Users\KARE>route (or) C:\Users\KARE>route print
Output: