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AP World History/ Benjamin Chapter 13 Guided Notes Due Date:
Name: Kasia Fadeeva Pages: 611 - 635 (part 1)
Make sure you read the Part 4 Strayer Claims this time period is categorized as an Early Modern Era because during
these 3 centuries, initial signs of modernization can be found such as the beginning of true
introduction on page 611 first! globalization, elements of distinctly modern civilizations, and the growing European
1. Why does Strayer claim this presence in world affairs. Globalization was seen the European explorations and their
conquest and settlement of the Americas, the slave trade that connect the Western
time period is categorized as Hemisphere to Africa the global silver trade that allowed Europeans to buy their way into
an Early Modern Era? Asian trade routes using metal from the Americas, the Columbian exchange which created
new interactions between the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, and the spread of Christianity
far beyond Europe, creating a global religion. Modernity can be seen in the Scientific
Revolution in Europe, the modern population growth as the population of the world
doubled, the creation of economy centered cities, and the production of goods for distant
markets. stronger and more cohesive states developed which grouped societies into larger
units, promoting trade, manufacturing, and a common culture. Military powers advanced
2. Why is this era known as a with the “gunpowder revolution”. Human exploitation of the land increased drastically.
"Late Agrarian Era?" This era is known as a “Late Agrarian Era” because European world domination and fully
modern societies were not a sure thing. It wasn’t obvious the Europeans would soon
dominate the planet, Europeans had little military or political power in mainland Asia or
Africa and Islam (not Christianity) was the fastest spreading religion in Asia and Africa, the
Europe, India, and China were comparable in their manufacturing output. Furthermore,
populations had surged before in the past so it wasn’t guaranteed that the modern surge
would be any longer lasting than the others. There also wasn’t anything to suggest the
approaching modern industrial society as human muscle, animals, wind, and water were
the sources of energy used to power human economies. Handicraft techniques were still
far more common than factory based production or steam power. The social hierarchy was
still that of premodern societies and patriarchy natural almost everywhere as no efforts
3. What was the "Gunpowder were being made to establish gender equality and most societies operated according to
Revolution?" traditional principles. For the majority of people, this marked the continuing development or
agrarian societies rather than and entry into the modern era
The reason for the “Gunpowder Revolution”
4. Why might the Muslim
conquest of Constantinople
mark a decisive turning point
in history?
5. What enabled Europeans to
carve out huge empires an
ocean away from their
homelands?
How might you define the
significance of Dona
\
Marina's life?
7. How did the lack of
domesticated animals in
North and South American
influence the "Great Dying?"
8. How many Native Americans
died as a result of contact
with Europeans?
9. What large-scale
transformations did
European empires generate?
1 0. The Columbian exchange:
/
What were 4 major results of
the Columbian Exchange on
North and South America?
b. What were 5 major results of
the Columbian Exchange on
Europe?
11. Describe how the economic
system known as
Mercantilism works?
[Link] was the economic
foundation of colonial rule in
\
Mexico and Peru?
(Encomienda)
13. Define the term Hacienda -
14. Define the term peon-
15. How did it shape the kinds
of societies that arose here?
16. How did the plantation
societies of Brazil and the
Caribbean differ from those
of southern colonies in
British North America?
17. Draw the social Hierarchy of
Latin America in the Social
Pyramid -
18. What distinguished the
British settler colonies of
North America from their
counterparts in Latin
America? (5 differences)
[Link] Up So Far: ln
what ways might European
empire building in the
Americas be understood as a
single phenomenon? And in
what respects should it be
viewed as a set of distinct
and separate processes?
According to historian Alfred Crosby, the exchange of plants, animals and pathogens between the
two hemispheres was biologically (Columbian Exchange) "the most spectacular thing that has ever
happened to humans." Do you agree or disagree with this statement?
ln class we will discuss a man named Bartolome de Las Casas, why was he seen as both a hero and
villain to different people in the world
Columbus, Cortez, Pizzaro, De Las Casas; which historical figure had the greatest impact on global
history?
1. Cortes The great dyrng 3. Dona Marina
4. Columbian Exchange 5. peninsulares 6. mestizo
7. plantation system 8. mulattoes 9. settler colonies
10. Montezuma 11. Bartolome De Las Casas 12. Gold, God, Glory