Aa¨vq t 14 ♦ RxecÖhyw³

1 bs m„Rbkxj cÖkœt
wRb cÖ‡KŠkjx W. nvq`v‡ii evMv‡bi †jey MvQ¸‡jv‡Z cÖPzi †jeyi djb n‡jI
MvQ¸‡jv `yªZ †ivMvµvšÍ n‡q gviv hvq| wZwb jÿ Ki‡jb Zvi evwoi cv‡ki
R½‡j GKRv‡Zi †jey MvQ i‡q‡Q hv‡Z Lye GKUv †jey bv n‡jI MvQ¸‡jv
`xN©w`b †eu‡P _v‡K| G `ywU †jeyi RvZ †_‡K wZwb AwaK djbkxj †ivM
cÖwZ‡ivax GKwU RvZ D™¢veb Ki‡jb| wZwb ¯^vfvweK cÖwµqvq Gi
Pviv Drcv`b bv K‡i j¨v‡e we‡kl cÖwµqvq Gi Pviv ˆZwi Ki‡jb|
(K) Rxe cÖhyw³ Kx?
(L) GMO ej‡Z Kx †evSvq?
(M) W. nvq`v‡ii †jey Mv‡Qi RvZ Dbœq‡bi †KŠkj e¨vL¨v Ki|
(N) W. nvq`v‡ii we‡kl cÖwµqvq Pviv ˆZwi Kivi KviY we‡kølY Ki|

1 bs m„Rbkxj cÖ‡kœi DËiÓ

K. Rxe cÖhyw³ `ywU kã Biology Ges Technology Gi mgš^‡q MwVZ|

Biology k‡ãi A_© Rxe m¤ú‡K© we‡kl

Ávb Ges Technology k‡ãi A_© cÖhyw³| A_©vr Biology Ges Tecnologyi
AvšÍtm¤úwK©Z welqB nj RxecÖhyw³|
L. ‡R‡bwUK BwÄwbqvwis cÖhyw³i gva¨‡g DNA Gi Kvw•ÿZ Ask
e¨vK‡Uwiqv †_‡K gvby‡l, Dw™¢` †_‡K cÖvYx‡Z, cÖvYx †_‡K Dw™¢‡`
¯’vbvšÍi Kiv m¤¢e n‡q‡Q| bZzb ˆewkó¨m¤úbœ GB Rxe‡K ejv nq GMO
(Genetically Modified Organism)|
M. wRb cÖ‡KŠkjx W. nvq`vi Zvi evwoi cv‡ki R½‡ji †jey MvQwUi †ivM
cÖwZ‡ivax wRb Zvi evMv‡bi †jey Mv‡Qi g‡a¨ cÖ‡ek Kwi‡q bZzb †ivM
cÖwZ‡ivax DbœZ dibkxj Rv‡Zi †jey MvQ ˆZwi Ki‡Z mÿg n‡qwQ‡jb|
W. nvq`vi mv‡ne †jey Mv‡Qi †ivM cÖwZ‡ivax RvZ Dbœq‡b j¨v‡e †h
†KŠkj Aej¤^b K‡iwQ‡jb Zv n‡jvÑ
1. Kvw•ÿZ DNA wbe©vPb A_©vr †ivM cÖwZ‡ivax wRb wbe©vPb|
2. GKwU evnK wbe©vPb, hvi gva¨‡g Kvw•ÿZ DNA LÐwU ¯’vbvšÍi m¤
¢e|
3. wbw`©ó¯’v‡b DNA AYy‡K †Q`b Kivi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq †iw÷ªKkb
GbRvBg (DNA †K KvUvi we‡kl ai‡bi GbRvBg) wbe©vPb|
4. ‡Q`bK…Z DNA LÐmg~n mshy³ Kivi Rb¨ DNA jvB‡MR GbRvBg
wbe©vPb|
5. Kvw•ÿZ DNA mn evnK DNA Gi Abywjc‡bi Rb¨ GKwU †cvlK wbe©vPb|
6. Kvw•ÿZ DNA LÐ mgš^‡q cÖ¯‘ZK…Z wiKw¤^‡b›U DNA Gi
ewntcÖKvk g~j¨vqb|
AvaywbK RxecÖhyw³ ev wRb cÖ‡KŠk‡ji gva¨‡g wRb ¯’vbvšÍ‡ii
cÖwµqvq Kvw•ÿZ ˆewkó¨ Aímg‡q m~Pviæfv‡e ¯’vbvšÍi K‡i bZzb
cÖRvwZ D™¢veb Kiv m¤¢e|
N. W. nvq`v‡ii we‡kl cÖwµqvwU wQj wUmy¨ KvjPvi cÖwµqv| wZwb
wUmy¨KvjPvi cÖhyw³i †KŠkj‡K Kv‡R jvwM‡q Dw™¢` cÖRb‡bi †ÿ‡Î Ges
DbœZ RvZ D™¢ve‡b e¨vcK mvdj¨ †c‡qwQ‡jb e‡jB ¯^vfvweK cÖwµqvq
†jeyMv‡Qi Pviv Drcv`b bv K‡i j¨v‡e we‡kl cÖwµqvq †jey Mv‡Qi Pviv
ˆZwi Ki‡jb|
W. nvq`vi GB cÖwµqvq Pviv ˆZwi Ki‡Z †h myweav †c‡qwQ‡jb Zv
wb¤œiƒcÑ
wUmy¨KvjPv‡ii gva¨‡g Dw™¢`vsk †_‡K Kg mg‡qi g‡a¨ GKB
ˆewkó¨m¤úbœ AmsL¨ Pviv ˆZwi Kiv hvq| mn‡RB †ivMgy³ we‡klK‡i
fvBivmgy³ Pviv Drcv`b Kiv hvq| FZzwfwËK Pviv Drcv`‡bi mxgve×Zv
†_‡K gy³ nIqv hvq| ¯^ímg‡q Kg RvqMvi g‡a¨ h‡_ómsL¨K Pviv Drcv`‡bi
myweav _vKvq Pviv gRy‡`i mgm¨v Gov‡bv hvq| AwaK djbkxj
†ivMcÖwZ‡ivax RvZ ˆZwi Kiv hvq| Drcvw`Z bZzb ˆewk‡ó¨i Pviv bZzb
cwi‡e‡ki mv‡_ Lvc LvIqv‡bvi e¨e¯’v Kiv hvq| Dc‡i DwjøwLZ ˆewk‡ó¨i
Kvi‡YB W. nvq`vi mv‡ne wUmy¨ KvjPv‡ii gva¨‡g j¨v‡e we‡kl cÖwµqvq
†jey Mv‡Qi Pviv ˆZwi Ki‡jb|

2 bs m„Rbkxj cÖkœt
K. †K¬vwbs Kx?
L. bvB‡Uªv‡Rb †em ej‡Z Kx †evS?
M. Dc‡ii B wP‡Îi MVb eY©bv K‡iv|
N. A wP‡Îi †Kv‡bv GKwU Ask B wP‡Îi m‡½ hy³ n‡q †Kvb cÖwµqvwU
msMwVZ nq Zv we‡kølY K‡iv|
2 bs m„Rbkxj cÖkœt

K. ‡h cÖwµqvq GKB av‡bi wRb enbKvix I GKB AvK…wZi GKvwaK Rxe

m„wó Kiv nq †mB cÖwµqvB n‡jv †K¬vwbs|
L. wcDwib I cvBwiwgwWb‡K GK‡Î bvB‡Uªv‡Rb ‡em ejv nq| _vBwgb,
mvB‡Uvwmb I BDivwmj n‡jv cvBwiwgwWb †em Ges A¨vwWwbb I
¸qvwbb n‡jv wcDwib †em| wcDwib I cvBwiwgwWb †em wb‡q DNA I
RNA MwVZ nq| Z‡e, RNA ‡Z BDivwmj Ges wKš‘ DNA ‡Z _vBwgb _v‡K|

M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ B n‡jv DNA (Deoxyribo Nuclecic Acid) n‡jv

†µv‡gv‡mv‡gi cÖavb Dcv`v& | GwU wØm~Îwewkó cwjbDwK¬IUvB‡Wi
mwc©jvKvi MVb| GKwU m~Î Ab¨wUi cwiec~iK| G‡Z cvP Kve„b wewk÷
kK©iv, bvB‡Uªv‡Rb MwVZ †em I A‰Re dm‡dU _v‡K| GB wZbwU
Dcv`vb‡K GK‡Î wbDwK¬IUvBW e‡j| bvB‡Uªv‡Rb †em¸‡jvi g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q
GwWwbb (A), ¸qvwbb (G) mvB‡Uvwmb (C) Ges _vqvwgb (T)| GKwU
m~‡Îi GwWwbb Aci m~‡Îi _vqvwg‡bi mv‡_ `yBwU nvB‡Wªv‡Rb eÛ (A =
T) Ges GKwU m~‡Îi ¸qvwbb Acim~‡Îi mvB‡Uvwm‡bi mv‡_ wZbwU
nvB‡n«v‡Rb eÛ (G = C) Øviv hy³ _v‡K| Wvej †nwj· Gi cÖwZwU
c~Y©N~Y©b 34A0 ˆ`N¨© wewkó Ges GKwU c~Y© N~Y©‡bi g‡a¨
10wU wbDwK¬IUvBW _v‡K| DNA Wvej †nwj‡·i e¨vm me©Î 20A0| Gi
c¨uvPv‡bv wmuwoi g‡Zv m~Î `ywU wecixZfv‡e Ae¯’vb K‡i|

N. DÏxc‡Ki wPÎ A n‡jv e¨vK‡Uwiqv Ges wPÎ B n‡jv DNA| e¨vK‡UwiqAi

GKwU wbw`©ó Ask cøvRwgW DNA, wPÎ B Gi m‡½ wiKw¤^‡b›U DNA
cÖhyw³ ev c×wZi gva¨‡g hy³ n‡Z cv‡i| G‡ÿ‡Î cøvRwgW DNA evnK DNA
wn‡m‡e Ges wPÎ B Gi DNA Kvw•LZ DNA wn‡m‡e KvR Ki‡e| wPÎ B Gi
DNA ‡Kej e¨vK‡Uwiqvi cøvRwgW DNA -i m‡½B hy³ n‡Z cv‡i| G‡ÿ‡Î
wbw`©ó wKQz avivevwnK avc AbymiY Ki‡Z nq| †hgb-
1. Kvw•LZ DNA wbe©vPb A_©vr GLv‡b wPÎ-B wbev©wPZ Kiv|
2. GKwU evnK DNA wbe©vPb Kiv| GLv‡b e¨vK‡Uwiqvi cøvRwgW DNA
evnK DNA wn‡m‡e KvR Ki‡e|
3. Dfq DNA -i wbw`©ó ¯’vb KvUvi Rb¨ †iw÷ªKkb GbRvBg wbev©Pb
Kiv|
4. evnK DNA -i m‡½ Kvw•LZ DNA LÛ‡K hy³ Kivi Rb¨ jvB‡MR GbRvBg
wbev©Pb Kiv|
5. jvB‡MR GbRvB‡gi gva¨‡g wiKw¤^‡b›U DNA ‰Zwii ci Gi ewn:cÖKvk
g~j¨vqb|
e¨vK‡Uwiqvi cøvRwgW DNA -i m‡½ Kvw•LZ DNA L‡Ûi mshy³ nIqvi
avivevwnK G avc¸‡jv cÖK…Zc‡ÿ wiKw¤^‡b›U DNA cÖhyw³iB avc|
myZivs wiKw¤^‡b›U DNA cÖhyw³i gva¨‡gB wPÎ-A Gi GKwU wbw`©ó
Ask wPÎ B Gi m‡½ hy³ n‡e|

Ávbg~jK cÖ‡kœvËi:
cÖkœ-1. wRb Kx?
DËi: wRb n‡jv Rx‡ei mKj `„k¨ I A`„k¨gvb jÿY wbqš¿YKvix GKK|
cÖkœ-2. wR‡bvg Kx?
DËi: wR‡bvg n‡j Rxe‡`‡ni GKwU †µv‡gv‡mv‡g Aew¯’Z †gvU wR‡bi †mU|
cÖkœ-3. B›Ui‡dib Kx?
DËi: B›Uvi‡dib n‡”Q †ncvUvBwmm-we fvBiv‡mi wUKv|
cÖkœ-4. G·cøv›U Kx?
DËi: wUmy¨KvjPv‡ii D‡Ï‡k¨ Dw™¢‡`i †h Ak c„_K K‡i wb‡q e¨envi Kiv nq
ZvB n‡jv G·cøv›U|
cÖkœ-5. †R‡bwU‡·i RbK †K?
DËi: †R‡bwU‡·i RbK n‡jv †MÖ‡bi †Rvnvb †g‡Ûj|
cÖkœ-6. GMO Kx?
DËi: Rxe cÖhyw³i mvnv‡h¨ DNA Gi Kvw•LZ Ask Rx‡e ¯’vbvšÍ‡ii gva¨‡g
bZzb ˆewkó¨m¤úbœ †h Rx‡ei m„wó nq ZvB
GMO
Abyavebg~jK cÖ‡kœvËi:
cÖkœ-1. CysE I CysM †fovi wR‡bv‡g ¯’vbvšÍi Kiv nq †Kb?
DËi: †fovi ck‡gi cwigvY I ¸YMZ gvb e„w×i Rb¨ e¨vK‡Uwiqvi `ywU wRb
CysE I CysM †fovi wR‡bv‡g ¯’vbvšÍi Kiv nq| eZ©gv‡b G wRb `y‡Uv
¯’vbvšÍ‡ii ci Uªv݇RRwbK †fovi †`n †_‡K DbœZ I AwaK cwigvY †jvg
msMÖn Kiv n‡”Q|
cÖkœ-2. wUmy¨KvjPvi ej‡Z Kx †evS?
DËi: mvaviYZ GK ev GKvwaK ai‡bi GK¸”Q †Kvlmgwó‡K wUmy¨ e‡j|
GKwU wUmy¨‡K RxevYygy³ cywóea©K †Kv‡bv wgwWqv‡g ewa©ZKiY
cÖwµqvB n‡jv wUmy¨ KvjPvi| Dw™¢` wUmy¨ KvjPv‡i Dw™¢‡`i †Kv‡bv
wew”Qbœ Ask ev A½ we‡kl ( †hgb civM‡iYy, kxl©, ce© BZ¨vw`)
†Kv‡bv wbw`©ó cywóea©K wgwWqv‡g RxevYygy³ Ae¯’vq KvjPvi Kiv
nq|
cÖkœ-3. GMO ej‡Z Kx †evS?
DËi: bZzb ˆewkó¨ m„wói Rb¨ †Kv‡bv Rx‡ei DNA cwieZ©b NUv‡bv n‡jv
wRb cÖ‡KŠkj| G cÖhyw³i gva¨‡g DNA –Gi Kvw•ÿZ Ask e¨vK‡Uwiqv †_‡K
gvbyl, Dw™¢` ev Ab¨ cÖvYx‡Z ms‡hvRb K‡i bZzb ‰ewkó¨m¤úbœ
Rxe ˆZwi Kiv nq| G¸‡jv‡K GMO ev Genetically Modified Organism e‡j|
cÖkœ-4. Uªv݇RwbK Rxe ej‡Z Kx †evS?
DËi: †R‡bwUK DwÄwbqvwis‡qi gva¨‡g †Kvl‡K‡›`ªi wRb KYvi cwieZ©b
NwU‡q Rxe‡`‡ni ¸YMZ iƒcvšÍi NUv‡bv nq| G cÖhyw³i gva¨‡g DNA Gi
Kvw•ÿZ Ask e¨vK‡Uwiqv †_‡K gvbyl, Dw™¢` †_‡K cÖvYx‡Z, cÖvYx †T‡K
Dw™¢‡` ¯’vbvšÍi Kiv nq| bZzb ˆewkó¨m¤úbœ Gme Rxe‡K ejv nq
Uªv݇RwbK Rxe|
cÖkœ-5. wiKw¤^b¨v›U DNA ej‡Z Kx †evS?
DËi: wiKw¤^b¨v›U DNA n‡jv RxecÖhyw³i GKwU we‡kl cÖwµqv hvi
gva¨‡g Rx‡ei †Kvb wbw`©ó ˆewkó¨ wbqš¿YKvix wR‡bi Kvw•ÿZ
cwieZ©b Avbv nq| G cÖhyw³‡Z †Kvb Rxe †_‡K Kvw•LZ wRb KZ©b K‡i
wbw`©ó Rx‡e ¯’vbvšÍi Kiv nq| d‡j Rx‡ei ˆewk‡ó¨i Kvw•LZ cwieZ©b
Av‡m|

cÖ¨vKwUm Askt-

1. wRb cÖ‡KŠkj Kx?

2. Biotechnology kãwU †K cÖeZ©b K‡ib?
3. Biotechnology c~‡e© Kx bv‡g cwiwPZ wQj?
4. Biotechnology Kv‡K e‡j?
5. Restriction GbRvB‡gi KvR Kx?
6. Uªv݇RwbK Dw™¢` Kv‡K e‡j?
7. wUmy¨KvjPv‡ii cÖavb Dcv`vb Kx?
8. G·cøv›U Kv‡K e‡j?
9. wRb cÖhyw³i g~j D‡Ïk¨ Kx?
10. GE ej‡Z Kx †evS?
11. CysE Ges CysM †fovi wR‡bv‡g ¯’vbšÍi Kiv nq †Kb?
12. Mevw` cï‡Z Protein C wRb ¯’vbvšÍi Kiv n‡q‡Q †Kb?
13. AvMvQv mwnòz RvZ K¨v‡bvjv D™¢veb Kiv nq wKfv‡e?
14. cwi‡ek myiÿvq †R‡bwUK BwÄwbqvwis wKfv‡e KvR K‡i?
15. wKfv‡e Avev` gva¨g ˆZwi Kiv nq?
16. wUmy¨KvjPvi ej‡Z Kx †evS?
17. G·cø¨v›U Kx?
18. ‡R‡bwUK BwÄwbqvwi Kx?
19. Uªv݇RwbK Kx?

cÖ¨vKwUm Askt-

1. dvwinv Zvi AveŸyi mv‡_ K…wl Lvgv‡i †eov‡Z hvq| †mLv‡b †m

U‡g‡Uv, ZvgvK, fzÆv, †cu‡cmn A‡bK cÖRvwZi Dw™¢` †`L‡Z cvq hv
†ek m‡ZR I †ivMRxevYygy³| wKš‘ evwo‡Z jvMv‡jv Dw™¢`¸‡jv
†ivMvµvšÍ| †m Zvi AveŸyi wbKU GK KviY Rvb‡Z PvBj- Ave`yj ej‡jb,
ÓLvgv‡ii Dw™¢‡` wRb wewbgq cÖhyw³ e¨envi Kiv n‡q‡Q|Ó
(K) Miæi `y‡a Avwg‡li cwigvY e„w×i Rb¨ Kx ¯’vbvšÍi Kiv n‡q‡Q?
(L) cÖPwjZ cÖRbb I †R‡bwUK BwÄwbqvwisÑGi g‡a¨ `ywU cv_©K¨
D‡jøL Ki|
(M) DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ cÖhyw³wU e¨vL¨v Ki|
(N) DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ cÖhyw³ K…wli DbœwZ mva‡b Kxfv‡e e¨eüZ
n‡q‡QÑ we‡køYl Ki|

e¨vK‡UwiqvwiKw¤^‡b›U cøvRwgWDw™¢`‡Kvl
2. wUmy¨
A
KvjPviUªv݇RwbK Dw™¢`
B C D

(K) †iw÷ªKkb GbRvB‡gi KvR Kx?

(L) gvQ Pv‡l †R‡bwUK BwÄwbqvwis e¨envi m¤ú‡K© wjL|
(M) D wPwýZ AskwU wKfv‡e cywói Pvwn`v c~iY Ki‡eÑ e¨vL¨v Ki|
(N) dm‡ji djb e„wׇZ D wPwýZ AskwU AZ¨šÍ ¸iæZ¡c~Y© f~wgKv
ivL‡Z cv‡i|Ñ Dw³wU we‡kølY Ki|

3. AvengvbKvj †_‡K gvbyl Zvi cÖ‡qvR‡b wewfbœ ai‡bi cÖhyw³ e¨envi

K‡i Avm‡Q| Z‡e gvbyl wUmy¨KvjPvi cÖhyw³i avcmg~‡ni †KŠkj‡K
 Kv‡R jvwM‡q AvRKvj Dw™¢` cÖRb‡bi †ÿ‡Î Ges DbœZ RvZ D™¢ve‡b
e¨vcK mvdj¨ AR©b K‡i‡Q|
(K) G·cø¨v›U Kx?
(L) †c‡Uªvwjqvg I KqjvLvwb GjvKvi `~lYgy³ †Kb?
(M) DÏxc‡K Av‡jvP¨ cÖhyw³i aAcmg~n eY©bv Ki|
(N) Dw™¢` cÖRbb I DbœZRvZ D™¢ve‡b D³ cÖhyw³i ¸iæZ¡ we‡kølY
Ki|

4. wRb cÖ‡KŠk‡j D™¢ve‡b wRb cÖhyw³i †ÿ‡Î m~wPZ n‡q‡Q GK

Af~Zc~e© Aa¨v‡qi| G‡K wiKw¤^‡b›U DNA cÖhyw³I ejv nq| bZzb
dmj D™¢ve‡bi †ÿ‡Î cÖPwjZ cÖRb‡bi Zzjbvq wRb cÖ‡KŠkj AwaK
Kvh©Kix|
(K) wUmy¨ Kv‡K e‡j?
(L) Avev` gva¨g Kxfv‡e ˆZwi Kiv nq?
(M) Av‡jvP¨ cÖhyw³wU cÖ¯‘‡Zi avcmg~n eY©bv Ki|
(N) DÏxc‡Ki †k‡lv³ Dw³wUi KviY we‡kølY Ki|

5. Rxe cÖhyw³i K¬v‡m †mvnvM wkÿK‡K Rvbvq †h, Zv‡`i evwo‡Z †ek
wKQz Dw™¢` i‡q‡Q †h¸‡jv ¯^vfvweKfv‡e †ewk exR Drcv`b Ki‡jI
cÖvK…wZK Kvi‡Y Kg msL¨K Pviv cvIqv hvq| wkÿK ZLb wUmy¨KvjPvi
c×wZi myweav D‡jøLc~e©K evsjv‡`‡k G c×wZi D‡jøL‡hvM¨ mvd‡j¨i
K_A Zz‡j a‡ib|
(K) †KŠwjZË¡ ev †R‡bwU‡·i m~Îmg~‡ni Avwe®‹viK †K?
(L) GMO ej‡Z Kx †evS?
(M) D³ cÖhyw³i myweavmg~n eY©bv Ki|
(N) wkÿ‡Ki ejv cÖhyw³ e¨envi K‡i evsjv‡`‡k AwR©Z mvdj¨¸‡jv
Av‡jvPbv Ki|

6. Rwni Zvi eÜzi evwo‡Z wM‡q GKvwaK DbœZ Rv‡Zi U‡g‡Uv I †cu‡ci
RvZ jÿ Ki‡jb| Zvi eÜz Rvbvj wiKw¤^‡b›U DNA cÖhyw³ e¨envi K‡i
 Gme fvBivm cÖwZ‡ivax dm‡ji RvZ D™¢vweZ Kiv i‡q‡Q| G cÖhyw³
e¨env‡i km¨ Dbœq‡bI e¨vcK mvdj¨ AwR©Z n‡q‡Q?
(K) wUmy¨ KvjPvi Kx?
(L) wiKw¤^‡b›U DNA ej‡Z Kx †evS?
(M) Av‡jvP¨ cÖhyw³wUi avivevwnK wPÎ A¼b Ki|
(N) km¨ Dbœq‡b D³ cÖhyw³i mvdj¨ Av‡jvPbv Ki|

7. ‰eÁvwbK Kg©KZ©v iv‡Rk eo–qv iscyi †Rjvi K…lK‡`i‡K av‡bi bZzb

bZzb RvZ m¤ú‡K© cÖwkÿY w`‡”Qb| wZwb K…lK‡`i Ggb GKwU avb
m¤ú‡K© aviYv w`‡jb hv cywó¸Ym¤úbœ Ges wfUvwgb G mg„×| ˆRe
cÖhyw³ e¨env‡ii gva¨‡gB GB avbwU D™¢veb Kiv m¤¢e n‡q‡Q|
(K) †R‡bwU· Gi m~θ‡jvi Avwe®‹viK ‡K?
(L) cwi‡ek myiÿvq †R‡bwUK BÄwbqvwis wKfv‡e f~wgKv iv‡L?
(M) AvMvQv, fABivm I †cvKvgvKo‡ivax dmj Drcv`‡b DÏxc‡K
Av‡jvwPZ cÖwµqvwUi e¨envi m¤ú‡K© wjL|
(N) Av‡jvwPZ cÖwµqvwUi mvnv‡h¨ Avgiv evsjv‡`‡ki LA`¨ mgm¨vi
mgvavb Ki‡Z cvwi- Dw³wU we‡kølY Ki|

RxevYy g~j¨w
G·cøv enxb
8. ›U
gy³
KvjPvi AYy
gva¨‡g Pviv
Ue I
cÖvK…
wZK
cwi‡e‡k
¯’vbvšÍi

(K) †ncvUvBwUm we-fvBiv‡mi wUKv ˆZwi‡Z †Kvb AYyRxe e¨eüZ nq?

(L) cÖvYxi †ÿ‡Î †R‡bwUK BwÄwbqvwis wKfv‡e KvR K‡i?
(M) DÏxc‡K cÖ`wk©Z avc¸‡jv avivevwnKfv‡e eY©bv Ki|
(N) ¯^vfvweK cÖRb‡b Aÿg Dw™¢‡`i eskai iÿvq wP‡Îi cÖwµqvwU
¸iæZ¡c~Y© f~wgKv iv‡LÑ Dw³wU we‡kølY Ki|