LOYOLA INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL
(Affiliated to CBSE, New Delhi, Aff. No. 6630206)
Oasis Campus, Al Wukair
Academic Session: 2025 -2026
Physics Practical
NAME: ____________________________________________________________
CLASS: X/Div. _____ DATE: 13.05.2025
RAY DIAGRAMS Experiment 3: Focal length of a convex lens
Aim
To determine the focal length of convex lens by obtaining the image of
a distant object.
Materials Required
A convex lens, a measuring scale, a screen, a lens holder and Light
source.
Theory
When an object is at infinity, image is formed at F2.
When an object is beyond 2F1, image is formed in between F2
and 2F2.
When an object is placed at 2F1, image is formed at 2F2.
When an object is placed in between 2F1 and F1, image is
formed beyond 2F2.
Procedure
Fix a thin convex lens on a lens holder and place the screen on
the other side of the lens.
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Focus a sharp, clear and inverted image of the distant object on
Observations: the screen. This is the rough focal length, measure it with the
help of a metre scale.
Focal length of the Convex lens by distant object method. Mark the position of lens on optical bench or on a table. Fix
the lens at this point, label it as ‘O’.
Focal length = f = 20 cm Mark a point F1, 2F1, F2, 2F2.
Draw ray diagrams for all the positions of the object.
Sl Object distance u in Image distance v in Nature and size of Precautions
No cm cm the image
1 Beyond 2F1 36.6 Real, Inverted, The focal length of the convex lens must be between 15 to 20
44 cm Diminished cm.
2 At 2F1 40 Real, Inverted, Use thin convex lens of small aperture.
40 cm Same size Perform this experiment in calm air to avoid the flickering of
3 Between 2F1 and F1 60 cm Real, Inverted the candle flame.
30 cm Enlarged To obtain distinct and sharp image of the candle flame,
perform this experiment in a dark room.
The optical bench or the bench holding the lens, object and
image screen should not be shaky.
Result
The focal length of the given convex lens = 20 cm
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