A.A.V. PATEL Jr.
COLLEGE
SYJC:BIOLOGY ASSIGNMENT
CHAPTER 3 :INHERITANCE AND VARIATION
ASSIGNMENT NO: 03 (25 MARKS)
Q.1 VERY SHORT ANSWER: (1 MARK EACH) (3 MARKS)
I. Give one example of complete linkage.
Answer: X chromosome of Drosophila males show complete linkage.
II. A pea plant pure for yellow seed colour is crossed with a pea plant pure for green
seed colour. In F1 generation, all pea plants were with yellow seed. Which law of
Mendel is applicable?
Answer: Mendel’s law of dominance is applicable in this example.
III. Define : Aneuploidy
Answer: Addition or deletion of one or two chromosomes in a diploid set is called
aneuploidy.
Q.2 SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS: (2 MARK EACH) (6 MARKS)
I. Mendel selected garden pea for his breeding [Link] reason.
Mendel selected garden pea for his breeding experiments, because:
[Link] pea plants were true breeding varieties.
[Link] pea plants being annual, it was possible to cross and study many
generations within a short period.
[Link] pea plants had a number of distinguishable, contrasting characters such as
tall habit and dwarf habit, round seed and wrinkled seed.
[Link] pea plants were easy to handle for breeding experiments.
II. Sketch and label structure of X and Y chromosomes.
[Link] symptoms of Klinefelter’s Symptoms .
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1. The Klinefelter’s syndrome individuals are tall, thin and eunuchoid.
2. They are sterile with poorly developed sexual characteristics.
3. Testes are underdeveloped and small. Spermatogenesis does not take place.
4. They have subnormal intelligence and show partial mental retardation.
Q.3 SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS: (3 MARK EACH) (12 MARKS)
I. Explain, Possibility of female becoming a haemophilic is extremely rare.
[Link] is caused due to X-linked recessive gene. Females have double X
chromosomes.
[Link] if she has haemophilic gene on one of her X-chromosome, the dominant gene on
other X-chromosome, suppresses its expression. Female therefore, does not become
haemophilic.
[Link] she inherits haemophilic gene on both of her X-chromosomes, this combination
becomes lethal. Such embryo is aborted. If born, she dies soon. This makes the
possibility of female becoming a haemophilic extremely rare.
II. Write short note on Y-linked or Holandric genes.
[Link] means entirely of male sex. Y-linked genes are called holandric genes
because they are located on non-homologous region of Y chromosome.
[Link] Y-linked genes are inherited directly from male to male.
[Link] genes are never seen in females due to lack of Y chromosome in them.
[Link] and ichthyosis are examples of holandric genes.
[Link] means excessive development of hair on pinna of ear. This character is
transmitted directly from father to son.
[Link] person with rough skin.
III. Mention the types of deviations from Mendel’s finding.
OR. Describe Neo-Mendelism in short.
As the science of genetics progressed, many changes were seen from Mendel’s
generalizations. These are called as Neo- Mendelism.
The deviations from Mendel’s findings can be categorised under following heads:
[Link] interactions : These interactions : are seen between the alleles of same
gene. e.g. incomplete dominance and co-dominance. They are also seen in multiple
allele series of a gene.
[Link] interactions : Intergenic interactions are between the alleles of different
genes present on the same or different chromosomes, e.g. pleiotropy, polygenes,
epistasis, supplementary and complementary genes, etc.
IV Why Drosophila is most suitable organism for genetics experiments?
Answer: Drosophila is most suitable organism because of the following reasons:
[Link] can easily be cultured under laboratory conditions.
[Link] span of Drosophila is short for about two weeks.
[Link] has high rate of reproduction and hence newer organisms can be
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obtained rapidly
Q.4 LONG ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS: (4 MARKS EACH) (4 MARKS)
I. Write a brief account of Turner’s syndrome.
1. Turner’s syndrome is a genetic disorder caused due to monosomy of X
chromosome.
2. It was first described by H. H. Turner.
3. Turner’s syndrome is caused due to non-disjunction of sex chromosomes
which takes place during gamete formation.
4. Chromosomal complement of Turner’s syndrome is 44 + XO, having a total of
45 chromosomes.
Symptoms of Turner’s syndrome are as follows:
1. Female phenotype.
2. Short stature with webbing of neck.
3. Low posterior hair line.
4. Secondary sexual characters fail to develop.
5. Mental retardation.
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