Chapter 9: The Structural Summary 91

THE STRUCTURAL SUMMARY - UPPER SECTION

The second step in preparing the Structural Summary is the entry of frequency tallies
TOT each of the codes in the upper section of the Structural Summary Blank, as shown
on the preceding page for the sample protocol.

1. LOCATION FEATURES. There are three elements regarding location for which
entries are required, (1) Organizational Activity, (2) Location Codes, and (3)
Developmental Quality.
a. Organiational Activity. Three entries are required at the top of the Summary for
organizational activity. The first, Zf (Z requency) is the number of times aZresponse
has occurTed in the record. The second, ZSum, is for the summation of the weighted
Z scores that have been assigned. The third is the estimated weighted Z Sum (Zest)
which is derived from a Table of Estimates shown below as Table 11. The Zest value
1s the one that corresponds to the Zf for the protocol. In the sample record the Zf is
15, thus the Zest is 49.0.

TABLE 11. BEST WEIGHTED ZSUM PREDICTION WHEN ZES KNOWN

Zf Zest Zf Zest Zf Zest Zf Zest

1 14 45.5 26 88.0 39 134.0

2 2.5 15 49.0 27 91.5 40 137.5
3 6.0 16 52.5 28 95.0 41 141.0
4 10.0 17 56.0 29 98.5 42 144.5
5 13.5 18 59.5 30 102.5 43 148.0
6 17.0 19 63.0 31 105.5 44 152.0
7 20.5 20 66.5 32 109.5 45 155.5
24.0 21 70.0 33 112.5 46 159.0
9 27.5 22 73.5 34 116.5 47 162.5
10 31.0 23 77.0 35 120.0 48 166.0
11 34.5 24 81.0 36 123.5 49 169.5
12 38.0 25 84.5 37 127.0 50 173.0
13 41.5 38 130.5

h Location Codes. Each of the three basic location codes are tallied separately.
An entry is also required for the frequency of the S responses. The S frequency is not
subtracted from the talies for the three basic location codes of W, D, or Dd.

"c. Developmental Quaity. Frequencies are also entered for each of the
devclopmental quality codes, disregarding the type of location used.
 Comprehensive System
92 A Rorschach Workbook for the
separately, ercept when
2. DETERMINANIS. Each of the determinantsseparate is tallied under Blends, and
section
Occurring in a blend. Each blend is entered in the entering the
counted again when
the determinants in the Blends section are not
frequencies for the single determinants in the column headed, Single.
distributions to be entered for form quay"
3. FORM QUALITY. There are three Extended), pertains to all of the
lhe irst, shown by the heading FOx (Fom Ouality the frequencies for each or th
responses in the record. It provides spaces to enter which no rOm
TOur types of form quality, plus one for the frequency of responses in
quality has been coded.

The second is headed MQual (Human Movement FO). It is for the distribution of
the types of form quality for all of the Human Movement responses.
The third is headed W+D (Common Area FO). It is for recording the FO
frequencies of all of the responses that have been given to Wand D areas.
4. CONTENTS. The column headed Contents includes cach of the 27 categories.
The entry for cach item represents the total numbcr of times that the content has been
given in the record, regardless of whether the content is primary or secondary in the
coding for the response.
5. APPROACH SUMMARY. The uppcr right scction of the Structural Summary
contains space to record the location approach uscd by the subject. This refers to the
sequence of location selections uscd by the clicnt whcn responding to cach card. For
instance, in the sample record, the person gave thrcc responscs to Card I. The first
was a Whole (W) response, the second a Conmon Detail response (D), and the third
a Whole response that included the use of whitespacc (WS). Thus, the entry for Card
Iis W, D, WS.
áSPECIAL SCORES. The last set of frequencies to be
entered are
of the fifeen Special Scores. Two calcularions are also required. The those for each
first is the Raw
Sum of the first six Special Scores (Raw Sun6) This is the total for all
Level 2 scores for DV, INCOM, DR, and FABCOM, plus the Level 1 and
entries.
ALOG and CONTAM

The second is the Weighied Swm for those same six

of the six Special Scores receives a weight: special scores (WSUM6). Each

wSUM6 = (1) xDV+ (2)xD2 + (2) xINCOM + (4) x

+ (6) x DR2 + (4) xFABCOM + (7) x INCOM2 + (3) x DR
+ () x CONTAM FABCOM2 + (5) x ALOG
 Chapter 9: The Structural Summary 93

7HE STRUCTURAL SUMMARY - LOWERSECTION

Once the data have been organized into frequencies, the Structural Summary can be
completed by doing the various calculations that are required for the entries in the
lower section, which is divided into seven data blocks. Some items appear in more
than one block because they relate to more than one characteristic. At the very
bottom of the lower section there are six special indices, the PTI, DEPI, CDI, S-CON,
HVI, and OBS which are completed last, using the Constellations Worksheet, that is
shown for the sample protocol at the end of this chapter.
THE CORE SECTION. The Core Section is at the upper left of the lower section
of the Stnuctural Summary. It contains sixteen entries. Seven entries are frequeney
data. They include R (total number of responses), and the total number for each of
the determinants FM, m, SumC. SumT. SumV, and SumY. The latter four include all
variations, so that SumC' includes FC;CE and C'; SumT inchudes FT, TE, and T; etc.

The other nine entries are ratios and derivations. They are:

"1. Lambda (L). The second entry is for Lambda (L). This is a ratio that compares
to
the frequency of pure F responses to all other answers in the record. It relates
issues of economizing the use of resources. It is calculated as:

L = F (Number of Responses having only Pure F determinants)

R-F (Total R minus Pure Form answers)
In the sample record, out of 17 responses, there are 6 Pure F responses and 11
answers with other determinants, which yields a L =(6/11) = 0.55.

" 2 Erlebnistypus (EB). This is a relationship between two major variables, human
movement (M), and the weighted sum of the chromaticcolor responses. It is entered
as Sum M: Weighted Sum Color. The Weighted Sum Color (WSumC) is obtained by
multiplying each type of chromatic color response by a weight. Color naming
responses, Cn, are not included in the WSumC.
WSumC = (0.5)x FC + (1.0) x CF + (1.5) x C.
The sample protocol contains 7 M responses, 3 FC responses, 1 CF answer, and 1
Cresponse. Thus, WSumC = (0.5)x(3) + (1.0)x(1) + (1.5)x(1) = 4.0, yielding an EB
of 7: 4.0.

3. Eperience Actual (EA). This is a derivation that relates to available resources.

tis obtained by adding the two sides of the EB together, that is, Sum M+WSumC.
Inthe sample protocol it is 7+4.0 = 11,0.
94 ARorschach Workbook for the Comprehensive System
4 28 Pervasive (EBPer). This is a ratio concerning the dominance of an EB style
n decision making activity. EBPer is calculated only whena marked style is indicated
by the EB. This is determined by three criteria. First, the value for EA must be 4.0
Or greater. Second, the value for Lambda must be less than 1.0. Finally, when the
value of EAfals between 4.0 and 10.0, one side of the EB must be at least two poinis
greater than the other side. If the value of EA ismore than 10.0, one side of the EB
must be at least 2.5 points greater than the other.

When all three criteria are met, EBPer is calculated by dividing the larger number
in the EB by the smaller number. In the sample protocol, EA = 11.0, Lambda = 0.55,
and the difference between the two values in the EB is 3.0. Thus, the larger EB value
of 7 is divided by the smaller, 4.0, with a result of 1.8.

5. Experience Base (eb). This is a relationship comparing all nonhuman movement

determinants (FM and m) to the shading and achromatic color determinants. It
provides information concerning stimulus demands experienced by the subject. It is
entered as Sun FM+n:Sum of SumC+ SumT + SunY + SunV.

In the sample protocol, as indicated by the entries made just below the boxed area,
there is 1 FM and 0 m determinants, and 1 vista answer (SumV), and 1 diffuse
shading
(SumY). Thus the eb is 1:2.
6. Expeienced Stinulation (es). This is a derivation obtained from the data in the
eb. It relates to current stimulus demands. It is obtained by adding the two
sides of
the eb together, that is, The sum of FM+m + SumC'+ SumT + SumY + SumV. In
the sample record it is 1+2, thus, es = 3.
7. TheD Score (D). The D Score provides information
concerning the relationship
between EA and es. This concerns stress tolerance and elements of control. It is
obtained by first calculating the raw score difference between the two variables, that
is. EA - es, and including the appropriate sign. The raw difference score is then
converted into a scaled difference score, based on standard deviations, in which each
SD has been rounded to equal 2.5.
Thus. if the difference score for EA - es falls between +2.5 and 2.5., there is no
significant difference between the two values and the D Score is 0. If the difference
score for EA - es is greater than +2.5, the D Score will increase by units of +1 for
each 2.5 difference score points. If the difference score for EA - es yields a value of
less than -2.5, the D score will decrease by units of -1 for each 2.5 points. Table 12
is the Conversion Table for obtaining the D score.
In the sample protocol, the diference, EA - es is 11.0 - 3 = +8.0, yielding aD
Score of +3.
 Chapter 9: The Structural Summary 95

TABLE 12. EA cs D SCORR CONVRRSION TABLR

Value of (RA - es) D Sooro

+13.0 to +15,0 +5
+10.5 to +12.5 +4
+8.0 to +10.0 +3
+5.5 to +7.5 +2
+3.0 to +5.0 +1
-2.5 to +2.5 (0
-3.0 to -5.0
5.5 to -7.5 -2
-8.0 to -10.0 3
-10.5 to -12.5 4
-13.0 to -15.0 -5

" &Adjusted es (Adj es). Whereas the D Score provides information concerning stress
tolerance and available resources, it is important to determine if the score has been
influenced by situational elements. The first step in doing this is to subtract from the
es most of the elements that are related to situational phenomena. The tactic is
simple. All but l m and 1 SumY are subtracted from the es to create the Adj es. In
the sample record there are no m determinants and only 1 Y determinant. Thus,
nothing is subtracted, and the Adj es has the same value as 6, 3.
"9 Adjusted DScore (Adj D). The Adj Dis obtained by using the formula EA -A4j
es. The result is applied against the D Score Conversion Table. In the sample record,
the result is the same as for theD Score, that is, 11.0-3 = +&.0, yielding an Adj D
of +3.

THE IDEATION SECTION. This section contains nine entries. Five of the nine are
frequency data that are transcribed from the upper section of the Structural Summary.
They are the frequencies for MOR, Sumó, Level 2 Special Scores, M- and M responses
that contain no form. A sixth entry (WSumQ) has already been calculated and should
also be transcribedfrom the upper portion of the Structural Summary. The remaining
three items consist of two ratios and one index. They are:

1. Active:Passive Ratio (ap). This relationship concerns flexibility in ideation and

attitudes. It is entered as the total number of Acive movement answers
(Ma+FMa +ma) on the left and the total number of PasS0ve movement responses
(Mp+FMp+mp) on the right. Movement determinants with a-p superscripts are added

toboth sides. The sample record shows an ap of 6:2.

42 M Active:Passive Ratio (Ma:Mp). This variable concerns some characteristics of

thinking. It includes only human movement responses with total Active entered on the
 96 A Rorschach Workbook for the Comprehensive System

left and total Passive entered on the right. MP answers are added to both sides. 1ne
sample record has an Ma:Mp of 5:2.

3. The IntellectualizationIndex- 24B+(AttAy). This index includes the Special

Score AB (Abstract) and the contents Art and Anthropology (Ay). It is calculated as
two times the number of AB answers plus the number of Art and Ay contents. In the
sample record there are 2 AB responses, plus 1 An content, yielding an Index value
of 5.

THE AFFECT SECTION. This section includes seven entries. Three are
frequencies, and the data for those items (Pure G S, and CP) are transcribed from the
upper portion of the Structural Sumnary. The remaining four entries are the ratios
described below.

"1. Fom-Color Ratio (FC:CF+C). This ratio relates to the modulation of affect. It
is entered as shown, with the total number of FC determinants on the left and the sum
of the CF+C+Cn determinants on the right. Each of the chromatic color
determinants are weighed equally in this ratio, as contrasted with the WSumC used in
the EB and EA in which Cn responses are not included. The sample protocol contains
3FC responses, 1 CP response, and 1Pure Canswer. Thus, the ratio is 3:2.
2. Constriction Ratio (SumC:WSumC). This ratio relates to excessive
internalization
of affect. It is entered with the total number of C' determinants (SumC on the
left
and the weighted sum of chromatic color (WSumC) on the right. The sample protocol
has no Cresponses and a WSumC of 4.0. Thus, the ratio is 0:4.0.
[Link] Ratio (Afr). This is a ratio that compares the number of answers to the
last three cards with those given to the first seven cards. It relates to interest in
emotional stimulation. It is calculated as:

Afr = Number Responses to Cards VIII+IX+X

Number Responses to Cards I+II+III+IV+V+VI+VII
In the sample record the subject gave 6 responses to the last three cards and 11
responses to the first seven cards, yielding an Afr = (6/11)= 0.55.
4 Compleaity Ratio(Blends:R). Thisrelationship is not reduced to a ratio. Instead.
it is entered as indicated, with the total number of blends onthe left and the number
of responses on the right. In the sample record there are five blends yielding a ratio
of S:17.
 Chapter 9: The StructuralSummary 97
THE MEDIATION SECTI7ON. "This section contains seven entries. T'wo are
frequency data that mmist be calculated dircctly from the Sequence of Scores. One is
for the umber of Popular (P) responses. The second is the number of minus answers
in which white space (S) has been used as part or all of the ocation. The remaining
five items in this section are percentages.

1. Form Aypropriate Extended (XA%). This variable concerns the proportion of

responses in which there is an appropriate use of form features. It is calculated as:
XA% =, Sum of responses that have an FQ coding of +, 9, 0ru
R

The sample record contains 17 responses of which none are plus, 9 are ordinay, and
3 are unusual. This calculates as 12 divided by 17, which yields an XA% of 0.71.

" 2. Fom Appropriate - Common Areas (WDA%). This variable concerns the
proportion of responses given to Wand D areas in which there is an appropriate use
of form features. It is calculated as:

WDA%= Sum of WV+D responses that have an FQ coding of t, o, or u

Sum of W+D

The sample record contains 15 answers with W or D locations. Twelve of the 15

responses have FQ codings of oor u. This calculates as 12 divided by 15, which yields
a WDA% of 0.80.

43. Distorted Form (X-%). This variable concerns the proportion of answers in which
form use is not commensurate with the blot features. It is calculated as:

X-% =
Sum FQx
R

The sample record of 17 responses includes 4 minus answers, which leads to an X-%
of 0.24.

4 4 Conventional Form Use (X+%). This variable concerns the extent to which the
appropriate use of form features has included common object definitions. It is
calculated as:
Sum FQx + and o
X+% =
R
Inthe sample record, there are no + answers and 9ordinary responses, yielding an
X+% of 0.53.
 98 A Rorschach Workbook for the Gomprehensive Syatem
S. UnasTAal Formn Use (Xu %). Tbis variable concerns the extent to which the
appropriate use of form features has included uncommon objcct definitions. It is
calculated as:

Xu% Sum FOxu

R

In the sample record there are 3unusual responses, yielding an Xu% of 0.18.

THE PROCESSING SECTION. This section contains seven entries, four of which,
(Z, PSV, DQ+, and DQv) are frequency data to be transcribed from the upper portion
of the Structural Sunmary. Two of the remaining three express relationships, and the
third is a difference sCore.

"1. Economy Indx (W:D:Dd). This relationship is entered as shown, with the total
number of Wresponses on the left, the total number of D responses in the center, and
the total number of Dd answers at the right.

2. Aspirational Ratio (W:M). This relationship is not reduced to a ratio but, instead,
entered as indicated with the total number of W responses on the left and the total
number of M answers at the right.

"3. Processing Efficiency (Zd). The Zd is a difference score obtained by the formula
ZSum -Zest,with the appropriate sign recorded. In the sample protocol, the ZSum
= 51.0 and the Zest = 49.0, yielding a Zd score of +2.0.

THE INTERPERSONAL SECTION. This section contains ten

entries. Five of the
10 are frequency data transcribed directly from the upper portion of the
Structural
Summary (sum of COP responses, sum of AG responses, sum of Food contents, sum
of Pure H answers, and the number of PER Special Scores).

A sixth item displays a relationship (GHR:PHR) using frequency data from

the
upper portion of the Structural Summary, with the sum of GHR entered on the left and
the sum of PHR entered on the right. A seventh item, SumT, is
transcribed from the
Core Section, and an eighth, ap is transcribed from the Ideation Section. The
remaining two items require some calculations.
1. Interpersonal Interest (Human Cont). This entry provides
information about
interest in people. The entry is calculated as:
Human Cont = The sum H+(H) +Hd +(Hà) [Hx is not inchuded)
 Chapter 9: TheStructural Summary 99

Inthe sample protocol there are 2H, 1(H), 4Hd, and 1(Hd). "Thus, Human Cont
= 8.

"2 0solation Index (Isolate<R). This variableis related to social isolation. It involves
the contents in five categories (Botany, Clouds,Geography, Landscape, and Nature ),
with the raw sum for two categories being doubled. It is calculated as:
Bt+2C1+Ge+Ls+2Na
0solate<R=
R

The sample record contains 1Ls and 1Na for a weighted sum of 3, which yields an
Index value of 0.18.

THE SELF PERCEPTION SECTION. This section contains seven entries, four of
which are frequencies, or the sum of frequencies from the upper portion of the
StructuralSummary. They include the sum Fr+rF, the number of Forn Dimension
(FD) responses, the number of Special Scores for morbid content (MOR), and the sum
of Anatomy (An) and X-ray (Xxy)contents. The fifth entry, SumV, is transcribed from
the Core Section.

The sixth entry is a ratio H:(H) +Hd+ (Hd) in which the number of Pure H contents
is entered on the left, and the sum of (H) +Hd+ (Hd) is entered on the right. In the
sample record, there are 2responses that contain a Pure H content and 6 answers that
contain other types of human content. Thus, the ratio is expressed as 2:6.
The seventh item requires some calculation.

1. Egocentriciy Index(3r+(2)/R). This index relates to self esteem. It represents

the proportion of reilection and pair responses in the total record, with each reflection
determinant weighed as being equalto three pair responses. It is calculated as:
3r+(2)/R= 3x(Fr+rF) + Sum (2)
R

The sample record contains 1 reflection answer and 3 pair responses leading toan
Egocentricity Index= (3)x1 + 3]/(17) = 0.35.

SPECIAL INDICES. At the bottom of the Structural Summary there are six special
indices, the Perceptual-Thinking Index (PTI), the Depression Index (DEP), the Coping
Defcit Index (CDI), the Suicide Constellation (S-CON), the Hypervigilance Index
(HV), and the Obsessive Style Index (OBS).
 100 ARorschech
Workbook for the Comprehenaivn Syatem
The variables inchded for Cnch are
shown on the Constellations Worksheet (see ne
page)with boxes provided to check each
positive variables should be entered at theitem that is rpositive. The total number Ot
PT, DEN, CI, and S-CON. bottom of the Structual Summary tor tne
and the OBS. Notations of Yes or No should be entered for the
HVI
When working with the
there are some age adjustedprotocols
cutoff
of younger people, it is
important to note that
in the PTI. A second (3r+ values for four variables. One (WSumó) appears
(2)/R)
the DEPIand the CDI. Each is appears in the DEPI, and the third, (Afr) 1S In botn
the cutoff values to be noted on the Constellations
applied are shown below by age [Link] with an and

Age Adjustments for

Age Adjustments for WSum6
Egocentricity Index
Significant Significant IfRis 17 or more:
if 3r+(2)/R if 3r+(2)R
is less than 0s more than
Age Ages S to 7: WSum6> 20
55 83
Ages &to 10: WSum6> 19
6 .52 .82
Ages 11 to 13: WSum6> 18
52 .77
48 IfRis less than 17
.74
9 47 .69
10 .47 .61
Ages 5 to 7: WSum6> 16
11 46 .58
Ages &to 10: WSum6> 15
12 .46 Ages 11 to 13: WSum6> 14
58
13 .41 55
14 .37 .54
15 33 .50
16 Age Adjustments for the Affective
.33 48 Ratio
Ages 5 &6: Afr < .57
Ages 7 to 9: Afr <.5S
Ages 10 to 13: Afr <.53