Define the following.
1. Protocol
A protocol is a set of rules and guidelines for communicating data between computers or other devices
in a network.
2. Router
A router is a networking device that forwards data packets between computer networks, connecting
different networks and directing traffic.
3. FTP
FTP (File Transfer Protocol) is a standard network protocol used for transferring computer files from a
server to a client on a computer network.
Differentiate between the following.
1. Hub vs. Switch
A hub is a basic networking device that connects multiple devices in a network and broadcasts data to all
connected devices, while a switch is a more intelligent device that forwards data only to the intended
recipient, improving network efficiency.
2. Twisted Pair Cable vs. Coaxial Cable
Twisted pair cable consists of pairs of insulated wires twisted together to reduce electromagnetic
interference and is commonly used in Ethernet networks, while coaxial cable has a central conductor
surrounded by an insulating layer, a metallic shield, and an outer insulating jacket, and is often used for
cable television and older network installations.
3. Star Topology vs. Ring Topology
In a star topology, all network devices connect to a central hub or switch, while in a ring topology,
devices are connected in a closed loop, with data flowing in one direction around the ring.
4. POP3 vs. IMAP
POP3 (Post Office Protocol version 3) is an email protocol that downloads email from a server to a single
device and typically deletes it from the server, while IMAP (Internet Message Access Protocol) allows
users to access and manage emails on the server from multiple devices, synchronizing changes across all
devices.
Answer in 1-2 sentences.
1. What is downloading?
Downloading is the process of receiving data from a remote system, such as a server or another
computer, to a local system, such as your computer or mobile device. This typically involves transferring
files or other digital content from the internet or a network to your device.
2. Network Communication Channels
Two network communication channels are:
Twisted-pair cable
Fiber-optic cable
3. Wireless Transmission Media
The different types of wireless transmission media include:
Radio waves
Microwaves
Infrared
4. What is Digital Citizenship?
Digital Citizenship refers to the responsible and ethical use of technology and the internet. It
encompasses understanding and practicing safe, legal, and appropriate behavior online, including
aspects like digital etiquette, online safety, privacy, and respecting intellectual property.
Answer briefly.
1. What are the basic needs for computer network?
The basic needs for a computer network are to facilitate resource sharing (like printers and files), enable
communication between users, and provide access to shared information and applications.
2. Describe LANs.
LANs (Local Area Networks) are computer networks that connect devices within a limited geographical
area, such such as a school, office, or home. They typically use technologies like Ethernet and Wi-Fi to
provide high-speed connectivity for sharing resources and data.
3. What is File Transfer Protocol? Explain in detail.
File Transfer Protocol (FTP) is a standard network protocol used for transferring computer files from a
server to a client on a computer network. It allows users to upload, download, and manage files on a
remote server. FTP uses a client-server architecture and typically requires authentication (username and
password) for access.