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MISD152 – Chapter 1
Semester 2 - 2025
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WELCOME TO
THE FUTURE
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TOWARDS
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MISD152 CHAPTER 1
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MODULE OVERVIEW AND LEARNING JOURNEY (CONT.)
2. Module Overview (cont.)
3. Outcomes
MISD152 has 5 modules, each with its defined module outcome
• Module Outcome 1: Understand the role of Management Information Systems in modern
organisations.
• Module Outcome 2: Demonstrate knowledge of the key components and technologies of
information systems in an organisation.
• Module Outcome 3: Analyse basic business processes and information requirements, highlighting
the basic management principles.
• Module Outcome 4: Develop basic knowledge and skills in system analysis and design and the
management thereof.
• Module Outcome 5: Evaluate the basic strategic implications and management of MIS for
organisations.
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MODULE OVERVIEW AND LEARNING JOURNEY (CONT.)
2. Module Overview (cont.)
5. Topic 1 – Business Information Systems in an Organisation (Chapter 1 of textbook)
• 1.2 Understanding the Role of Information Systems in Modern Organisation
• Interrelatedness of people, organisation and technology
• Four-step method for problem-solving
• Critical thinking
• 1.3 Functional and Operational Opportunities in the field of Management Information Systems
• 1.4 Managing Information Systems in an Organisation
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MODULE OVERVIEW AND LEARNING JOURNEY (CONT.)
2. Module Overview (cont.)
5. Topic 1 – Business Information Systems in an Organisation (Chapter 1 of textbook)
• 1.2 Understanding the Role of Information Systems in Modern Organisation
• Role of information systems in business – value it adds – you will find this in all the chapters
• Reduce operational costs by streamlining business process or adding workflows
• Improves access to real-time data (valid, accurate) to support decision-making
• Strengthen relationships with suppliers and improve customer experience
• Enhances productivity through automation of manual, repetitive tasks
• Support innovation to enable creative business offerings
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MODULE OVERVIEW AND LEARNING JOURNEY (CONT.)
2. Module Overview (cont.)
5. Topic 1 – Business Information Systems in an Organisation (Chapter 1 of textbook)
• 1.2 Understanding the Role of Information Systems in Modern Organisation
• Role of information systems in business – value it adds –the STEPS/ACTIVITIES systems
perform to produce the information used for decision-making
1 Input: It captures the raw data from the organisation or its external environment through manual or
electronic input.
2 Processing: It then converts/transforms the raw data into a form that means something and that can
be used. In transforming the data, it classifies, arranges and applies calculations to the data to provide
meaning to it.
3 Output: It provides the processed information to people or activities (in a process) where it is used.
Could be a document.
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MODULE OVERVIEW AND LEARNING JOURNEY (CONT.)
2. Module Overview (cont.)
5. Topic 1 – Business Information Systems in an Organisation (Chapter 1 of textbook)
• 1.2 Understanding the Role of Information Systems in Modern Organisation
• Interrelatedness of people, organisation and technology
• Four-step method for problem-solving
• Critical thinking
• 1.3 Functional and Operational Opportunities in the field of Management Information Systems
• 1.4 Managing Information Systems in an Organisation
Student interact 10
with STADIO
PEOPLE
ORGANISATION
1. Employees
1. Business Processes
2. User/End-user
2. Organisational Structure
Organisation 3. IT Staff
3. Business Strategy
and People 4. Managers
4. Policies and Procedures
Integration 5. Experts
5. Culture
6. Consultants
6. Business Controls
7. Training & Skills
7. Employer
MIS
Technology and People and
Organisation Technology Student use
Integration Integration
Technology, such technology
as
provides access
to STADIO TECHNOLOGY
1. Hardware
2. Software
3. Databases
4. Networks
5. Infrastructure
6. System Controls
ORGANISATION ORGANISATION AND PEOPLE
• Culture influence behaviour (ethics, integrity) PEOPLE
1. BP defines what organisation does and
how it is done • Invest in people through training and development
• Change management to embed desired behaviour 1. People employed by organisation
2. Pyramid org structure with different 2. Users of the systems and technology
levels that use different types of • Management structure populated with people to execute duties
3. Support users/end-user and systems
information in organisation
3. Goals and objectives that organisation 4. Decision-makers, define action plans,
wants to achieve ORGANISATION PEOPLE goals and objectives, manage
4. Governance through Policies and resources, exercise servant-leadership
Procedures
1. Employees 5. People with specialist knowledge
5. Culture, values and Code of Conduct 6. People employed for specific projects
define who organisation is 1. Business Processes 2. User/End-user
7. Training and skills needed by, and
6. Business controls to govern process 2. Organisational Structure 3. IT Staff provided to employees
and task execution 3. Business Strategy 4. Managers
7. Organisation is an employer of people
with diverse skills 4. Policies and Procedures 5. Experts
5. Culture 6. Consultants PEOPLE AND TECHNOLOGY
• User Interface (UI) for quick and easy
ORGANISATION AND TECHNOLOGY 6. Business Controls 7. Training & Skills access
• IT governance through Policies, Procedures, 7. Employer MIS • Use of devices, such as Tablets,
data privacy and System Controls
Smartphones
• Business process execution through
• Supported by IT Helpdesk
automation and workflow
• User training on use of portals,
• Compliance management through
networks.
Compliance Portal
TECHNOLOGY TECHNOLOGY
INTERRELATEDNESS
1. Physical devices, networking devices 1. Hardware Organisation: Align IT strategy to Organisation to support
and capabilities, storage achieving goals and objectives
2. Programs used to execute, control
2. Software
People: Use collaboration tools, platforms for quick and easy
and co-ordinate computer 3. Databases access and distribution of information
components 4. Networks Technology: Secure data management, security across
3. Data stores 5. Infrastructure organisation, stable systems and networks
4. Networking enablement, such as VPN Performance: Performance monitoring of people, systems
5. Infrastructure to host, store data, 6. System Controls using technology
back-up facilities, Cloud Input – Processing – Output
6. System controls to govern system Data (input) transformed by systems (processing) into usable,
usage, such as differentiation between accurate information (output) for use by people in the
Read, Write, Delete access organisation to assist in achieving goals and objectives
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MODULE OVERVIEW AND LEARNING JOURNEY (CONT.)
2. Module Overview (cont.)
5. Topic 1 – Business Information Systems in an Organisation (Chapter 1 of textbook)
• 1.2 Understanding the Role of Information Systems in Modern Organisation
• Interrelatedness of people, organisation and technology
• Four-step method for problem-solving
• Critical thinking
• 1.3 Functional and Operational Opportunities in the field of Management Information Systems
• 1.4 Managing Information Systems in an Organisation
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MODULE OVERVIEW AND LEARNING JOURNEY (CONT.)
2. Module Overview (cont.)
5. Topic 1 – Business Information Systems in an Organisation (Chapter 1 of textbook)
• 1.2 Understanding the Role of Information Systems in Modern Organisation
• Four-step method for problem-solving – NOTE it is a process with steps to follow in a specific
sequence
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PROBLEM-SOLVING PROCESS
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MODULE OVERVIEW AND LEARNING JOURNEY (CONT.)
2. Module Overview (cont.)
5. Topic 1 – Business Information Systems in an Organisation (Chapter 1 of textbook)
• 1.2 Understanding the Role of Information Systems in Modern Organisation
• Interrelatedness of people, organisation and technology
• Four-step method for problem-solving
• Critical thinking
• 1.3 Functional and Operational Opportunities in the field of Management Information Systems
• 1.4 Managing Information Systems in an Organisation
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CRITICAL THINKING ELEMENTS
Keep an open mind and do not judge:
Take your time and do not make a quick decision. Ask questions to understand the real problem.
When thinking carefully, your brain finds new and creative ideas. This helps to get to smart
solutions.
This step is formally known as: Maintain doubt and suspend judgement.
Think about and be aware of other people’s views:
People see things differently and problems can be viewed from different perspectives:
• The technology view looks at how the different IT components (hardware, software, and
infrastructure) work together.
• The organisational view recognises that the organisation has a defined structure, processes,
and a unique culture.
• The people view refers to managers and employees, considering them as individuals and team
members.
This step is formally known as: Be aware of different perspectives.
Test different solutions and learn from experience:
Test different solutions and use what you learned from past experience to guide you. This includes
gathering data and reassess the problem periodically.
This step is formally known as: Test alternatives and let experience guide you.
Know the limits:
Know and understand organisational and personal limits
This step is formally known as: Be aware of organisational and personal limits.
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CRITICAL THINKING ELEMENTS
Note
Note that critical thinking and its four elements are used during all the
problem-solving steps because it helps to create a better understanding of
the actual problem and its different options.
The problem-solving process is a structured process that helps defining
the right problem up to the implementation of the chosen solution.
The critical thinking elements are not necessarily followed in sequence.
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MODULE OVERVIEW AND LEARNING JOURNEY (CONT.)
2. Module Overview (cont.)
5. Topic 1 – Business Information Systems in an Organisation (Chapter 1 of textbook)
• 1.2 Understanding the Role of Information Systems in Modern Organisation
• Interrelatedness of people, organisation and technology
• Four-step method for problem-solving
• Critical thinking
• 1.3 Functional and Operational Opportunities in the field of Management Information Systems
• 1.4 Managing Information Systems in an Organisation
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FUNCTIONAL AND OPERATIONAL OPPORTUNITIES
Functional Opportunities Operational Opportunities
How MIS supports business functions to be more How MIS support the day-to-day operations
effective and efficient. • Shorter turnaround time with process automation and workflow
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• Improve decision-making with real-time data. • Beter collaboration with integrated communication tools
• Cover product and service offerings. • Improved customer experience with online portals and
• Finance: Automate the generation of financial chatbots.
reports to improve accuracy and adhere to defined • Automate routine tasks: Automate data entry to reduce data
timelines. capture errors.
• Human Resources: Automate the recruitment • Access to data: Access to real-time data, such as inventory
process from job posting and evaluating applications levels, to minimise waste due to overstocking or being out of
for compliance with requirements. stock.
• Supply Chain: Tracking of inventory levels to • Production schedules: Adjust production schedules based on
minimise waste. orders received, demand forecasts and resource (raw materials)
availability for production.
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MODULE OVERVIEW AND LEARNING JOURNEY (CONT.)
2. Module Overview (cont.)
5. Topic 1 – Business Information Systems in an Organisation (Chapter 1 of textbook)
• 1.2 Understanding the Role of Information Systems in Modern Organisation
• Interrelatedness of people, organisation and technology
• Four-step method for problem-solving
• Critical thinking
• 1.3 Functional and Operational Opportunities in the field of Management Information Systems
• 1.4 Managing Information Systems in an Organisation
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MANAGING INFORMATION SYSTEMS IN AN ORGANISATION
An organisation must manage its information systems, so they support its goals.
This requires balancing three parts:
People (users and managers),
Organisation (processes, workflow and structure), and
Technology (hardware, software, networks).
Information systems provide accurate and timely data that help managers make good decisions at
all levels while ensuring legal and security requirements are met.
When changes happen, challenges often appear in these same three areas, for example, people
(collaboration), organisation (remote work, privacy), and technology (cloud, Big Data, AI).
By understanding how these parts are connected, managers can use information systems to solve
problems and achieve success (Laudon et al., 2024:37).
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SIMPLIFIED VIEW: PEOPLE, ORGANISATION, TECHNOLOGY
Work for the using to achieve
People Organisation Technology Organisational Success
Managers and employees Structure and workflows Systems and tools Better decisions, efficiency,
e.g., staff trained to use SAP e.g., approval process e.g., ERP, Cloud compliance
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GOOD LUCK!
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THANK YOU
ENKOSI THANK YOU
RE A LEBOGAENKOSI
DANKIE RE A LEBOGA
DANKIE
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