TEST FOR ALDE HYDES AND KETONES H
TOLLENS REAGENT-
AgND NHO H Pg,0 + NHNO
Ag.0+ NH,DH H), OH
Uollan's Ragenl
Mild OxToisin agent
T
DR-}-H R--OH Ag
DR--RL X
- 8OH (Jollan's te test)
Hemi Qcdols
Atals
-
HemikTals
Kdals
R-C= C-H
R -
C= C
-
R -
X Lohite h
Ph NH Ce
ORIt
R- CH R L
Jo MOLT 4V91299
HydoX Ketone
Mild A
DFEHLINGS TES T o -
Ghing A Hhling B
COSOu 5H,D
Coso, Rochell Salt
COO Na
H OH
H OH
C00 t
ACkalin
CBSERVPTION
Cu,ORd ht
Aidahde Ho Acids
l o r C H O
HCOOH
BENEDICTS TEST
CosOGHOHNa. t Haet Na, Co
OBSERVA TION
Raol Cu,0
Aldenyole
Let Gniy X
AHGmatic Ald.# Letene x
MERCURIC CHLORIDE CHac
-CHO+ HaC +HO R-C0OH+ Ha,
Mercurous
RE - R -
X chloride -
S)SCHIFF's TEST-
H9O390M
di S P MOO0niCine hydrochloriole (Reagent
magenia o hink
R-CH + H -N R R R
N
P nk
Ketons Pink
Pink Clgur wil be kesTotod
Aldunyd
, DNP Orange Custals
TEST FOR ACIDIC HYDROGEN
Na
Z-
Na
O
Active H- Jnoe H atoms which is atachNd
with moteE.N alows
ith UKe 0,N X,
Na
R-NH RNH Na +
H
RCOOH N RcoO Na +H
CH-C=CH CH-C =CNa +H
sp
CH-0-CH-CH
HBH NaBr+H
R-SH RSNat +H
Ph-OH PhONa +H
R-So, R SO, Na
R-CH- H,
OH
HO CECH NA
CFCH
CH,NH2
TEST FOR UNSATURATION
B, WATER TEST(B, , ð HOB
Oigtinguish bdwen Satuhatad (alkand) and unsaturateo
Callaena alkyre)
R-CH CH OH B
CHCH=CH HO B
HO CH-CH-CH
>CH-c-CHBA,
CH-CE CH CH
NOTE
bono)
de (oca lis ed
r
>X
OH
dis
o B_Bh E
H Substitution)
-since
NH
NH
Br
-
(Substitution
MnO
bBAYER'S TEST(Cold dil PCkaline FMn0,
>
CH-CH,-CH
CHCHCH, CH-CH
J
CH
CH2
aes
OH
reducti
OH
As
Cold >
-
CHC= CH >CH-
kinou(ou/
potsame
Oxidative
Ozonolysis
a
>
Pot -
2KMn 0 K,0+ Mn0, + 367
Puxhnle Bhguon
TEST FOR AL COHOL-
aLUCAS REAGGENT-
Raagent: COnc HC ZnC (Onhy.)
H Zn
3 alcoh ol ( CR,- OH) nstant tuwbidi t
(R ,C-
ad cohol (R, CHO ) Jwrbidty otex 5mins
R, CH
RaCH-
alcohol RCH,OH) Jurbiduty in 30 min
RCH,
(RCH,
NOTE
Phend 2tnol do not giw uca 1est
VIeTOR MEYER TEST
alcoho HO+N=0
N=O
R CH,CHT "gNuD, PgNo, HNO
CH-H-N
CHCHOH
oito,NaDH N-OH
lood ked CH- - N
CGuw
2 al ccho
CH RaolP CH N=0
CH-CH - OH
CH-t4-T CH-CH-NO,
HNO
CH N
OMO
CHa
NaDH
Blue Ceout
3 al cohe CH3
CHa HNO,
CH Red P
CH-C- CH N
CH-C-OH
CH
AMMONIUM NITRATE TEST ( Ukou aag
agent
CERRIC he alcohe
chakacdoustic tao Cou
2 3 adcoh o ive
withNH. Ce (NO)
TEST FOR PHENOL
NEUTRAL Fe Cl TEST-
t erna codourud COmhlw with henal on eno
( OH GMO ttach t h
SP Caxbon
PhOH feCl, ho Fel +HC+8H
-
violet :
NOTE No tw Tuj o alcehel
LIBER MAN NITRO SO TEST-
OH Na NO,let -
Na OH
in RXCL Red colou ation Bue Coleuralion
H0
·
Ok
# - OH
(Blue
Indopheno.
)TEST FOR CARBONYL COPOUND
2,4-DNP teot> BHady's HwOgunTT
-Ha0
-0 + H, N-NH O-NO, =N-NH ONO,
ND NO2
2,4 Oimitrehhonslhydraine (yeltoo-Okange
,4 9initkohhunel
hudrapon
1o) TEST FOR ALDE HNDE HO
Uol ens Teo
R- H R- -O+2 Ag
NHDH + gNO
SiCwer mi kMo
+As (NH2]o
Suhling's 1 s +1
R-E H CUD R 6 Co,O
Benedic7 tul Rad ud
CuO
R--H --0
CuO
Reo ht
OH
Kalones also i e tests CH
- hd©xu theoe
heoitive 1st
HCO0 H ie
hude ano donol
hivalaldahude do ngl
bngalda
& benedict Tuo. because the
to Suhing
don't hawe -H
-
SCHIrPs TEST
RooOiine hudkochloride Pink colour dishag
Schal's t) R- -H
Pink Pink Colou asloud
Bengaldehyole do not tuh@md to his Tuot
11) IUDOFORM TEST-
OH
I NaOH
CHR
Na0T
CHT+R--ON
(9llou
CHCH,OH CHCHO
CH,cOCHCHCOPh
coCH
CHCH COCH CHCH,CHOH CH, CH CHCHOH
CH CH CHDHPR
12TEST FOR ACDS
NaHCO TEST
Al acdo STHng han H CO gi CO, q00 i t h
Na H CO
HO CO2
HeL+ Na H CO CO +Na CL
SA WA
CH-COOH+ Na HCO CHaCH-c -ONa + H CO
H,Ot CO
CH S0 H + NaHCO,
CHSONa tH
OH
ONo
+ NaH CO
WA
Oy H, COg
SA
QH ONa
AND Na HCO
-HI O2 H,O+ CO,
(NO,)
NO
OH
N NO2 NaHCO
NU
bLTMUS TEST
BLod mus Rd itmus >
-
Add
NDTE: Phen d weaku acddic wn t mus
hanexd
AMIDE 2 FSTER
19 TEST FOR
+
H
NaOH
Nao CHC- ONa +N
CH N2
(Amm@nia Smell
NoOH
CHC0CH3 Phmolhhthali'n CH- OH CH,DH
Pin Colourless Sol
1TEST FOR AMINE
a NaN0, + a9 HCe TEST H NO,
NaNO, +00 HCC teot HNO, HO-N-F0
>Jest r 1 2 & aminos (Alhhatic&Arod
CHCH,-NH
NoNU,T CH CH,OH
CH-CH,-N, Ct H0
NH NoNO, +H t
0-5 C NEN ce
a OH
-Of
Stable B-nodhol
HO-NO
Raod duye
CH-CH- NH) NaNO,tHK N=O
2
CH CH H- N N- NT KOO
am
qu
CH
NaNO,tHC
(CH)N Unstoble nitte
bHOFF MANN MUSTARRD OIL
TEST
Ontyho 1 amine (Alhatic &aromatic)
NOT o 2 3 amine Aniline
X
.
H SH
CH CH, NH
CHCH-N -c SCHCH-N=C=S
Ha3t HCE
thyl isothio yonale
HSHa Has +2HC (Snll o mustard Gl)
ph NH sC PhNHN =C =FS Yes
.
Phenye isothiocyanate
CARBYL AMINE TEST- Aniline
-
.
Ony or 1 amin(uhhalie & Dromdi)
amine X
Ngt ho 2 3
CH CH,
CH NH, CHCCt
CH NH KDH
CH CH,-N=et 3KC +3 H,O
:CCl2 unh leant smel
eisouonide
CHCtKOH a
PhNEc
:CCa
dHINSBERG TEST
distinqush bw 1 3 am
23 amin
Used to e
1 amin Phenyl sulfonyl
Chloride
.
O
- He
CH-CH-NHCS-Ph CHCH-N- _P
Ph
dis
Aci
Hydrogen
&
ViCTe
= -
: ace
Heupr Reagen
T -
NaOH
Connound souka
inbaAL
2armine
CHCHN- +Ces-Ph HC
PuC CH,-NP
CH,CH O
HCH
T2T iMA
baoe
Jnsoube in b
am ine2
CH
CH N: C l - s -Ph No Hxn
CHo
fST FOR NITRD GROUP-
-(Mulliken Barkerd
JOn i t Ho alkan &itro
Zn NHC aane -ens
CHCHNO CH,CH-NH-OH Aav t
NHOH Si(er
w/urg
NO
NO Zn-NH NH-OH Ag NO
na
NH,OH
TEST FOR CARBOHYDRATES (SUGGA
MOLISCH TEST-
alcghelic soh ConC
yucoe sel Vigt king at he
-nohthel H SO
(m (1mD
unction Twg Hw9
(1-9 do
TEST FOR DMINO ACIDS PROTEINS
aNIN HYDRIN TEST
PHot in + Ninhudun (09) Bue-Viola celo
A aming aud (COmhley mati on by Omino aud
Luilh tag -NH, 9 ninhydrun
BIURE T TEST-
HRali so 1% CosoO Vioaf cÅralion
HoTin (heuw deo (Coodination (Oml
Cu2 wulh e=0 & -NH
MILLON'S TEST
t1 +
Reoget HaNo + Ha (NO), + HNOg
HNO
YhgT Uin (ag MiWon's teagenT White hit
Phonok o -amive to
Mh9 `ine
dXANTHOPROTEIC TEST
PHtn+COnc HNO
Yllo col@u
tuith x -
aming aud
COnlainiog
king such aJuk OSine, hhy alanine)
Yllo celaur ou to mitkatiom bengte Hiy