baseball cap
bat
softball 垒球
ground ball 地滚球 grounder
fly ball
at bat
home run
strike sb out
shortstop 游击手
pitcher 投手
batter 击球手
catcher 接球手
umpire 裁判
strike zone 好球区
ground v 击出地滚球
ground out 击出地滚球而出局
The first pitch was a ball but the next two pitches were strikes. 第一个是坏球，后两个是好
球。
That’s strike two. One more strike and he’s out.
strike-out 三振出局
I thought the ball was good, but my opponent said it was out.
air
curve
fast
fly
ground
fair
foul
1-2-3 inning 1-2-3 局
Inning in which a pitcher gets all three hitters out in a row.
投手连续让三个打者出局（三上三下）的半局。
Ace
A team’s best starting pitcher.
一个球队最好的先发投手。
Ahead in the count 球数领先
When the player you’re referring to has the count in their favor.
你关注的球员有球数的优势。
The hitter is ahead 2-1; the pitcher is ahead 1-2.
比如打者领先就是 2 坏球 1 好球; 投手领先就是 1 坏球 2 好球。
Backdoor breaking ball 后门变化球
Can refer to any pitch that breaks from outside the strike zone back into the
strike zone.
指从好球区外拐进好球区的变化球。
Backstop 后档
The fenced area behind home plate.
本垒板后方用于围起来的档网。
Bag 垒包
Another term for base.
垒的另外一种说法。
Balk 投手犯规
When the pitcher makes an illegal movement or delivery. Results in base
runners being awarded the next base.
投手做出非法移动或投传球时。
Bang-bang play 砰砰局面
A play on the bases that is very close-where the runner is barely safe or
barely out.
在垒位上球到人到非常接近，安全还是出局很细微。
Barrel it up 棒头吃中
When a hitter hits the ball hard, in the center of the barrel of the bat.
当打者用球棒头的中部狠狠击中了球。
Batters’ box 击球箱
The chalk-lined rectangle the hitter stands in during an at-bat. 打者在他的打席站立的白色长
方形。
Batting Average (average) 安打率
A primary hitting statistic-hits divided by at-bats.
一个基本的打击统计指标，安打数除以打席数。
Base hit 安打
When a hitter reaches first on a batted ball that is not misplayed by the other
team and does not cause any base runners to get out.
打者凭借击出的球安全上一垒，防守方没有失误，并且没有造成其他任何跑垒员出局。
Base open 垒位开放
When first base is unoccupied. Or, when second base is unoccupied with
runners on first and third. Pitchers will adjust their pitch-calling strategy when
there is a base open, because walks will not force runners to move up.
当一垒无人时，或者当一三垒有人而二垒无人时。当有垒位开放时，投手会调整他们的配球策略，因为此时保送不会顶进前卫跑垒员。
Bases loaded 满垒
When a runner is on every base.
当每个垒上都有跑垒员时。
Bat around 棒次循环
When every batter in the lineup comes up to bat in a single inning, and the
first batter of the inning is up at the plate for his second at-bat.
当打线的每个打者都在同一局上场打击，又轮到第一个打者上场第二次打击。
Bat flip 轻抛球棒
When a hitter tosses his bat into the air or into foul territory as he leaves the
batter’s box. Bat flips are gestures of pride following a home run.
当打者离开击球箱时把球棒轻抛起来落到界外区域。轻抛球棒是打出本垒打后的庆祝动作。
Batters’ eye 打者眼
The darkened area beyond the center field wall that provides contrast with the
white baseball, so the hitter can see the pitch better. Advertising and signage
is not allowed in this area.
在中外场墙上方的黑色的区域，和白色的棒球形成反差，打者能更好地看到投球。广告和标志不允许出现在该区域。
正对打者的位置一般做成墨绿色或黑色背景
Battery 电池
The pitcher and catcher combine to make the battery of a team. They are
known as “battery mates.”
投手和捕手组合构成球队的电池。他们被称为“电池对”。
Bleeder (or seeing-eye single) 安打弱球
A poorly hit ground ball that barely makes it through the infield。
打得很差的地滚球但眼睁睁地在内场手间穿过成为一个安打球。
Blooper 小飞安打球
A fly ball hit weakly between the infield and outfield.
很短的一个在内场手和外场手之间的高飞球形成安打。
Booted 地滚失误
When a fielder makes an error.
内场手的一个失误。
He booted that easy ground ball.
他搞砸了那个简单的地滚球
Bullpen 牛棚
Where the relief pitchers sit and get warmed up before entering a game. Also
refers to a practice pitching session.
中继投手等候和在上场前热身的地方，也指一个投手训练单元。
They’re calling down to the bullpen to get someone up; he usually throws his
bullpen two days before his start.
他们到牛棚里叫某人上场；他通常在开赛前两天进行投球训练。
Bump (or hill) 投手丘
Another word for pitching mound.
投手丘的另外一个说法。
Bunt 触击
When the hitter holds his bat out in front of the plate to let the pitched ball hit
it, thus producing a bunt, which is an intentionally short hit, most typically
used to move a base runner over one base.
当打者手持球棒在本垒板前让投球击中球棒，形成一个触击，作为有意识的一种短打，最典型的场景是用于把跑垒员推进一个垒位。
The hitter squared a round to bunt; this maybe a good bunt situation—we’ll
see if the hitter squares.
打者正过身来触击；这是一个适合触击的局面—我们来看打者是否会正身。
关于触击战术，可以参考这一篇《对付牺牲触击 防守方必须头脑清晰》。
Breaking ball 变化球
A pitch that breaks, such as a curve ball, slider or slurve.
一个线路变化的投球，比如曲线球、滑球或者滑曲球。
《10 分钟搞懂棒球 4 》
Can of corn 玉米罐头
A fly ball to the outfield that is easy to catch.
一个打到外场很容易接到的高飞球。
Caught napping 逮住瞌睡
When a runner is picked off a base.
当一个跑者在垒上被牵制杀出局。
Checked swing 刹住挥棒
When a hitter stops his swing early, trying not to offer at the pitch. Umpire
has discretion to deem it a strike or not.
当打者在挥棒的早期阶段决定不打这个投球而刹住挥棒。裁判有自主决定权判定是否算一击。
Cleanup hitter 清垒 打者 Fourth batter in the lineup and usually the one with the
most power on the team. 打线中的第四棒，通常是球队中力量最大的。
Clear the bases 清空垒包 When a hit scores all the runners on base. 打者让垒上跑垒员全部得分。
Clutch 关键球 A strong performance in a pressure situation. 在压力局面下的强力表现。That
was a clutch hit.这是一个关键安打。He’s one of the team’s most clutch hitters。他是球队关键球
的打者之一。
Closer 终 结 者 The team’s best relief pitcher. Pitches the ninth inning in a save
situation. 球队最好的中继投手。保局时投第九局。
Change up 变 速 球 An off-speed pitch that is mostly straight and looks like a
fastball, but may have sinking action or arm side run. 一个慢速的投球，看上去像快速直球，但是可
能会有一个下沉或投手手臂侧的位移。
Chin music 下颚粉碎球 When a pitcher throws one up and in to the hitter (near his
head).投手投出的离打者头部近的内角高球。
Come backer 返回投手球 A ball hit back at the pitcher.击球员击出的直接打向投手的球。
Count 球数 The number of balls and strikes on a batter.对一个打者的好球和坏球数。
3-2 = three balls and two strikes 3 球 2 击/3 坏球 2 好球 1-1 = one ball and one strike
1 球 1 击/1 坏球 1 好球
Crooked number 弯曲比分 When a team scores 2 or more numbers in an inning,
they’ve hung a crooked number on the scoreboard.球队在一局得分 2 分或更多，在记分牌上显示弯曲
的比分（0 和 1 是直直的）。
Curveball 曲线球 A breaking ball that curves downward more than it curves from
side-to-side.更多是向下拐弯而不是左右拐弯的变化球。
还 被 称 为 ： Curve, hammer, Uncle Charlie, Deuce, Hook12-6 curveball: breaks
straight down (like 12 to 6 on a clock)12 点 6 点曲线球，直向下的曲线球
1-7 curveball: breaks from 1 to 7 on a clock (11/5 for lefties)1 点 7 点曲线球，从 1 点方向
变到 7 点方向的曲线球，左投就是 11 点 5 点方向
Knuckle curve: a grip variation in which the pitcher rests hisindex finger
knuckle on the ball 指关节曲球：投手把食指关节抵住球的一种握球变化。
Power curve: a curveball that is thrown extremely hard 强力曲线球：特别有力的曲线球
《10 分钟搞懂棒球 4 》
Cutoff man 打截球员 Infielder who receives a distant throw from the out fielder for
the purpose of making a relay throw or causing the play to come to an end.为了
接力传球或终结局面的目的，接外场手远距离传球的内场手。
Cutter (cut fastball) 卡特球（切球）A fastball that curves very slightly and is nearly
as fast as astandard fastball 带有少许曲线的快速，几乎和标准快速球一样快。
Cycle 满贯 A player hits for the cycle when they hit a single, double, triple and
homerun in the same game.一位球员在一场比赛中打出一垒安打、二垒安打、三垒安打和本垒打。
Double 二垒安打 Reaching second on a base hit.通过安打上到二垒。
The hitter doubled in his second at-bat.这位打者的第二个打席打出二垒安打。
Double play 双杀 When two outs are recorded on the same play.在一个局面下录得两个出局。
They turned a double play.他们打出了双杀。
The throw is just in time to complete the double play; and the pitcher gets out
of the jam with a clutch double play.这个及时的传球完成了双杀；靠这个关键的双杀投手渡过了难关。
Dropped third strike 不死三振 On the third strike, the catcher must catch it in the
air, or else the batter is allowed to run to first base if it is not occupied. The
catcher will have to tag the runner or throw him out at first.在投手第三颗好球时，捕手必须直
接在空中接住，否则打者允许跑向一垒。捕手只能通过触杀或者传一垒将其杀出局。关于不死三振规则的演变，可参考《不死三振：一条怪异棒球规
》
Ducks on the pond 池塘里的鸭子 When there are multiple runners on base.有多个跑垒员在垒
上时。
Earned run 投手责任失分 A run that scores without the help of any fielding errors.没有任
何防守失误情况下的得分。
ERA (earned run average) 投 手 防 御 率 A primary pitching statistic – earned runs
divided byinnings multipled by 9.投手基本统计数据，投手责任失分除以所投局数乘以 9。
Error 失误 When a fielder misplays a ball and does not record an out.因防守球员的失误而没
有造成出局。
Extra innings 延 长 局 If tied after nine innings, the game will continue on, one
inning at a time, until one team is ahead after both teams have batted in that
inning.如果九局后打平，比赛继续，每次延长一局，直至两个队在都进攻后分出胜负。
Fastball 快 速 球 The hardest, straightest pitch a pitcher throws. Most easily
located for a strike.投手投出的最快最直的球。最容易定位的好球。
4-Seam fastball (four-seamer) 四缝线快速球 Straightest, fastest fastball 最直最快的快速球
Two-seam fastball (two seamer) 二缝线快速球 Fastball with slight arm side run 稍微向投球
手臂侧拐的快速球 Lingo 其他称谓：heater, gas, cheeseHe reared back and threw a heater
right by him.他向后一步然后向打者投出一记快速球。
Find a gap (or hole) 发现空挡 Something players say to each other, encouraging
them to get a hit that drops safely between the infielders or outfielders.球员之间互
相鼓励，击出安全落在内场手或外场手之间空挡的球。
Five-tool player 五项全能棒球手
A position player who is very well-rounded and exceptional at all main
baseball skills – hitting for average, for power, running, fielding and throwing.
五项全能棒球手：在棒球主要技能方面都很突出的场员：安打能力、强打能力、跑垒能力、防守能力和传球能力。
Flashing the leather 手套闪耀
When a player is making great plays in the field (with his leather mitt).
当一个球手在球场上（用他的棒球手套）做出精彩防守的时候。
Foul 界外球
When a batted ball lands in foul territory.
被打到界外的球。
He fouled the slider off.
他把一记滑球打成界外球。
he fouled out.
他因界外球（被接杀）出局了。
Framing a pitch 偷好球
When the catcher sticks the pitch in the location he caught it and/or slightly
moves it back toward the center of the strike zone
捕手在接到球定住位置同时轻微向好球区中心回拉（让投球更可能被判好球）。棒童，赞 380
Full count 满球数
When the count is 3-2, the maximum number of strikes and balls
当球数来到 3 坏球 2 好球（3 球 2 击），好球数和坏球数的最大值
Gap (or alley) 空隙
The two areas in the outfield between outfielders – left-center gap and right-
center gap.
外场手之间的空隙，左外和中外之间的空隙，右外和中外之间的空隙。
Golden sombrero 金墨西哥帽
When a player strikes out four times in a game.
一个球员在一场比赛中被四次三振出局，三次被称为 sombrero。
Goose egg 鹅蛋
A zero on the scoreboard
记分牌上零分
Ground ball (grounder) 地滚球
A batted ball hit on the ground
击到地上的球
Hack 猛挥
To take a big swing at a pitch
大力挥击来球，死命猛挥：Daddy Hack
Hanger 掉速
Refers to an off-speed pitch that stays up in the strike zone, where it’s easy to
hit.
指投在好球区里比投手希望的要慢的球，从而很容易打
That curveball was a hanger.
那个曲线球很慢。
He hung that slider.
他把那颗滑球投慢了。
Hard thrower (lingo) 火球投手
When a pitcher throws hard, he throws: flames,pellets, gas, aspirins, fuel,
Fuego, cheese, cheddar, fuzz, heat. (Applies to 95 or higher in MLB)
大联盟中投出的 95 迈以上的投球，经常被称为：火球、小丸、瓦斯、阿司匹林、燃料、火球（Fuego 借用自西班牙语）、奶酪、魔球、热球。
图片
Hit and run 打而跑
A play in which a baserunner steals and the hitters expected to swing and put
the ball in play, thus giving the runner a headstart and forcing the fielding
team to cover second base, which opens up part of the infield.
这是一种战术，跑垒员发起盗垒，击球员需要挥棒把球打入场地，这样跑垒员有预先启动，逼迫防守方保护二垒，从而在内场防守制造空当。
Coach put on the hit and run. 教练用了打而跑战术。
《7 》 2-3）。
Hook 吊走投手
When the manager removes a pitcher, he gives him the hook. Also refer s to a
curveball.
当主教练换投手时称为 hook。教练把投手换下了。hook 有时也称为曲线球（因为球路像弯钩）。
Home plate 本垒板
Known as the plate, the dish, home.
本垒垫，本垒
Home run 本垒打
A hit over the fence or when a player touches all four bases.
打出外场墙的击球，或者击球员踩踏了 4 个垒。
本垒打还有以下几个名字：Dinger, Big Fly, Homer, Jack, Bomb, Tater, Long ball.
Infield fly rule 内野腾空球规则
Batter is called automatically out when he hits a fly ball in the infield with less
than two outs, runners on 1st and 2nd or the bases loaded. Prevents fielding
team from getting easy double plays.
在两出局前，一二有人或满垒有人时，击球员击出内野腾空球就自动出局。规则是为了防止防守方制造非常容易的双杀布局。
《内野腾空球自测题，得满分不容易》对这条规则有详细的解释。
In the hole 下下一个等候打击的击球员
The batter up to bat after the on-deck hitter.
除了正在打击的击球员，下一个击球员叫 on-deck，在等候打击区准备，下下一个叫 in the hole，在球员休息区准备。
K (or backwards K) 三振出局
A strikeout is recorded as a K in the scorebook. A backwards K denotes when a
hitter did not swing on strike three.
击球员被三振出局记录为 K，如果第三击击球员没有挥棒，记录为反写的 K。
Knuckleball 指关节球或蝴蝶球
A more rare pitch, it’s thrown from the finger tips and has few rotations as it
flies, which makes it dance around in the air. Thrown more slowly than normal.
一种很少见的投球，从指尖投出，飞行过程中很少旋转，会在空中飘动。比一般投球速度要慢。棒童，赞 16
Lead 离垒
When a base runner stands off the base to get a bit closer to the next base
跑垒员离开垒垫向下一个垒靠近一点点
Before the pitch is thrown, pitchers wil attempt to keep base runners’ leads
short by picking off. A good lead improves a runner’s odds of stealing a base
or advancing.
当投出球前，投手试图通过牵制让跑垒员不能离垒太原。好的离垒增加了跑垒员盗垒或进垒的机会。
Lead runner 最前位跑垒员
The base runner who is closest to scoring. Ex: with runners on 2nd & 3rd, the
runner on 3rd is the lead runner.
最接近得分的跑垒员，比如二垒和三垒上有跑垒员，三垒上的跑垒员就是 lead runner。
Left on base 残垒
Base runners who were still on the bases when a half-inning ends.
当半局结束时，还留在垒上的跑垒员。
Line drive (or liner) 平快球
A ball that is hit very hard on a low trajectory
平快球：被有力地击出并且仰角很小的平飞球。
Lineup 打线
The batting order for a team
一个球队的打击棒次。
LOOGY 一人左投
Term for a left-handed pitcher who typically pitches to one or two hitters at a
time.
指只投一个或两个打者的左投。 Lefty-One-Out-GuY “让一个打者出局的左投”字母的缩写。
Major Leagues 大联盟
也被称为 The Show 或者 The Big Leagues.
Meatball (cookie, or beach ball) 肉丸球
A pitch that is very easy to hit
指非常好打的一颗投球，也称为饼干或沙滩球。
Middle reliever 中继投手
Relief pitcher who enters the game ininnings 4-6. 中继投手（又称救援投手）经常在 4 到 6 局上场投
球。
Nibbling 挂角投球
When a pitcher is pitching to the corners of the plate, and often just missing 指
投手投出好球区角落的球，经常不能投中
No-hitter(no-no) 无安打比赛
When a team gets zero hits in a full game. 当一个球队在整场比赛中都没有被击出安打。
Nubber 弱地滚球
When the batter hits one off the end of the bat and it doesn’t go very far. 打者用棒
头打出一个近距离的弱地滚球。
Off-speed pitch 慢速投球
A pitch of significantly slower velocity than a fastball. 比快速球慢得多的投球。
Applies to all secondary pitches except cutters and sinkers -changeups,
curveballs and sliders are all off-speed pitches. 除了卡特球和下沉球，变速球、曲线球、滑球等除了快速球
以外的球种，都可以称为慢速球。
《10 分钟搞懂棒球 4 》
O-for 无安打
When a hitter gets no hits in a game, such as O-for-3 or O-for-4. 投手在比赛中没有被击出
安打，比如 O-for-3，3 打席无安打，O-for-4，4 打席无安打。
On-deck 等候打者
The next hitter up to bat. 下一个上场击球的打者。
Warms up in the on-deck circle. 请在等候打击区热身。
On the screws 正中甜点
When a hitter hit a ball very hard on the barrel of his bat. 打者用棒球棒的粗头甜点大力击中球。
He hit that one on the screws! 他击球正中甜点！
On the bump (or hill) 登板投球
Refers to who is pitching. 指投手在投球。
Ricky is on the bump tonight. Ricky 今晚投球。
Opposite field 对侧场地
The side of the field opposite of the batter’s box the hitter stands in. Right
field for a righty hitter, left field for a lefty hitter. 与打者击球箱站位相反的场地。对右打者来说是（二垒垒
包）右侧场地，对左打者来说是左侧场地。
Jammed 击球卡住
A hitter gets jammed when he swings at a pitch close to his hands 打者击球卡住是指他
挥棒试图打击靠近他手的一颗投球
Johnny Wholestaff 全员投手
When there is no starting pitcher for a game and numerous relief pitchers
must combine to pitch the game. 当先发投手不能比赛，所有的中继投手必须三军用命把比赛投下来。
No starter tonight-looks like Johnny Wholestaff will be pitching. 今晚没有先发投手，看上去
全员投手要上。
Junk 丢破烂
When a pitcher throws lots of off-speed and breaking pitches, he’s said to be
throwing lots of junk. 当投手投出大量的慢速球、变化球，他被认为是在丢破烂。
Painting the black 描边投球
Home plate is black around the edges. Painting the black means the pitcher is
doing a good job of pitching to the corners of the strike zone. 本垒板有一圈黑边。描本垒板的
黑边表示投手投得很好，总是投向好球区的边边角角。
Pick-off 牵制
When a pitcher throws to a base after coming set, to try to catch a base
runner off the base(or at least to keep their leads short). 投手在做好投球准备后传向某个垒位，试
图将离垒的跑垒员传杀出局（或者至少控制跑垒员离垒不要太远）。
Pinch hitter 代打
A player called up to hit in the place of an other hitter, as a substitute. 代替原定击球
员上场击球的替补打者。
Pinch runner 代跑
When a substitute player goes into replace a baserunner. 代替原定跑垒员上场跑垒的替补跑垒员。
Pine tar 松焦油
Hitters rub sticky pine tar on their bat handles to improve their grip 击球手在他们的球
棒柄上涂上粘稠的松焦油以提高他们的握力
Pitching around a hitter 投球远离打者，敬远
When the pitcher stays away from the center of the strike zone against a
hitter. 当投手和打者对决时不投向好球区中间位置。
This strategy is employed against very good hitters or in specific high-
pressure situations or with a base open, when the pitcher won’t be negatively
affected if he walks the hitter. 这样的战术用于对付强棒打者或者高压下，垒上有空垒，投手即使报送打者也不会有负面影
响的局面。
Pitch-out 牵制投球
When the pitcher intentionally throws a ball high and outside the strike zone
to give the catcher a good pitch to throw a stealingbase runner out on. 投手有意投出
一个在好球区外的高球，让捕手容易接住并将盗垒跑垒员传杀出局。
The pitcher and catcher must guess when they believe the runner will be
stealing and call a pitch-out hoping he steals on that pitch, because it gives
them a good chance at catching him. 投手和捕手必须猜测跑垒员什么时候会盗垒，然后要一个牵制投球希望跑垒员
在投这个球时盗垒，因为这样更有机会将跑垒员杀出局。
Pitch Movement (lingo) 投球线路术语
Break: when a pitch has curving action, such as with a curveball, slider,
splitter or cutter 变化球，球路有曲线，类似曲线球、滑球、指叉球或卡特球
Cut：moves slightly toward the pitcher’s glove side 内切球，球路拐向投手手套侧
Run：moves slightly toward the pitcher’s arm side 外切球，球路拐向投手投球手侧
Sink ：moves downward (term only applies to sinking fastballs or change ups,
not sliders or curveballs) 下沉球，球路下沉（仅适用于下沉快速球或变速球，不适用于滑球和曲线球）
Late life：ball appears to speed up on the hitter (also called hop) 后加速球，球到达打者时
看上去会加速
Position player 场员
Any player who is not a pitcher 除了投手之外的防守球员
Pulling the ball 拉打
When a hitter hits the ball toward the line of the same side of the field as the
batter’s box he stands in. Left field for righty hitters and right field for lefty
hitters. 打者朝他击球箱站位同侧场地方向击球。左打者打向右侧场地，右打者打向左侧场地。
Raking 筛出
When a hitter has been hitting very well. 当打者打击成绩非常好时。
He’s been raking in the month of April. 他四月份的打击名列前茅。
RBI Run Batted In, 打点
Statistic denoting when a hitter scored a base runner on a batted ball that
was not misplayed by the fielding team -“Run batted in.”
击球员的一项打击数据统计，击出的球在没有防守方失误的情况下，让跑垒员一共得多少分。
Relief pitcher (reliever) 救援投手 （后援投手，中继投手）
Any pitcher who enters the game after the starting pitcher. 比赛中上场投球的除了先发投手之
外的任何投手。
They’re bringing in a reliever. 他们换上了一个救援投手。
A reliever is getting warm in the bullpen. 一个救援投手正在牛棚热身。
Rubber arm 橡胶臂 铁臂投手
When a pitcheris capable of pitching very often and/or with high pitch counts.
指投手能非常频繁地大量投球，手臂强壮且耐用。
His arm recovers and “bounces back” to normal quickly (like rubber). 他的投球手臂恢
复了，像橡胶一样迅速回弹到正常状态。
Run 得分
Runs are like points. 棒球的分
When a batter reaches base, then touches all the bases before touching
home, he scores one run. 当一个击跑员上垒并依次踩踏所有的垒位回到本垒，他就得 1 分。
Rundown (or pickle) 夹杀困局
When a base runner gets caught between bases and has to be chased down.
当一个跑垒员在两个垒之间被追逐夹杀得来回跑。
Runners at the corners 角部垒上有人
When there are runners on first and third. 当一三垒有跑垒员时。
Runners in scoring position 跑垒员上到得分位
When there are runners at second or third base. 当二垒或三垒有跑垒员时。
Save situation 救援局面
A pitcher gets a save when he pitches the final inning when his
team is leading by three runs or less. 当球队领先不超过 3 分的情况下进入最后一局，这对要上场的投手就是一个
救援局面。
A three-run-or-less lead thus is a save situation. 领先不超过 3 分于是来到救援局面。
When a pitcher fails to get a save in a save situation, it’s called a blown save.
当一个投手在救援局面下没有能够救援成功，就叫救援失败。
Saying the score (lingo): 比分读法
Always list the higher number of runs first, no matter what. 任何时候都是把高得分放在前面。
The Yankees lost 9-4; the Yankees won 9-4. 扬基队以 9 比 4 输掉了比赛；扬基队以 9 比 4 获胜。
Set-up man 布局投手
Relief pitcher who pitches the inning before the closer comes in.
在终结投手上场之前那一局负责投球的救援投手。
Seventh-inning stretch 7 局拉伸
Between the top and bottom halves of the seventh inning, a song is played,
fans stand up, stretch and sing a long. 在第 7 局上下半场之间，赛场会放歌，观赛球迷们站起来一起拉伸放松一
起唱歌。
Short porch 近外野墙
When a section of the outfield is shorter than normal, which makes it easier
for hitters to hit home runs to that part of the ballpark. 当某部分外野距离比正常近，击球员向球场
的这个区域击球更容易打出本垒打。
There’s a short porch in right field-only 290 feet away. 右侧场地有近外野墙，只有 290 英尺远。
（一般左右外野距离在 320-350 英尺左右，中外野在 400 英尺左右）