Exponential Functions in Real-World Applications
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ScribdTranslationsExponential Functions in Real-World Applications
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ScribdTranslationsAPPLICATION OF EXPONENTIAL FUNCTION
PROBLEM 1: many drugs absorbed by the human body follow a law of
exponential decay, due to the metabolism inherent to the action of enzymes
degrading substances and accelerating their decomposition reactions. For example. If it isNthe
amount of nicotine in micrograms per 3of blood
cm present in the organism in the
course of three days
then:
−0.08t
N ( t=457e
)
t=0
a) Calculate the initial amount when
b) If a person quit smoking on December 31, how much nicotine is still in
your body on February 28?
PROBLEM 2: In Chile, the number of AIDS patients P grows at a rate of 2% per
year. The equationP ( t ) =1,000,000( 1.02t) from the population t years after 1995 that is
sick. Determine the value of t for a population of 1,500,000. Give your answer to the
nearest tenth.
PROBLEM 3: the population served in the clinics of the city of Rio
Good
PROBLEM 4: Simple organisms reproduce by cell division. If, by
For example, today there is one cell, this cell will divide so that tomorrow there will be two.
cells. Then each of those cells will divide so that the day after tomorrow
there will be four cells.
If you initially have 100 cells and f ( t ) denotes the number of cells after
three days
How many cells will there be after 8 days?
PROBLEM 4: the amount remaining from a sample of a radioactive substance
−0.0001t
after years is given by a function of the form Q t=Q 0e( ) .
At the end of 5000 years, there are 2000 grams of the substance. How many grams were there?
initially?
PROBLEM 5: A radioactive substance decays exponentially. If
Initially, there was 500 grams of substance, and there are 400 grams 50 years later.
a cold drink is taken out of the refrigerator on a warm summer day and placed on a
room with a temperature of 30°C. According to physical law, the temperature
the drink t minutes later is given by a function of the form:
−k t
f ( t=30−
) Ae
If the drink's temperature was 10°C when it left the refrigerator and 15°C
After 20 minutes, what will be the temperature of the drink after 40 minutes?
Public health records indicate that weeks after the outbreak of a rare
6
shape of the flu, approximately f ( t ) =
3+9 e −0.8t
thousands of people have taken the
disease.
a) How many people had the disease initially?
b) How many had contracted the disease after three weeks?
c) If the trend continues, approximately how many people in total will contract the
disease?
80
It is estimated that within t years, the population of a certain country will beP (
) = 8+ 12e −0,06 t
millions.
What is the current population?
b) What will the population be in 50 years?
c) What will happen to the population in the long run?
An epidemic spreads through a community in such a way that t weeks after its
shoot, the number