8. What are the differences between Java and C++?
Basis C++ Java
Platform Java is Platform
C++ is Platform Dependent
Independent
Application C++ is mainly used for Java is Mainly used for
System Programming Application Programming
Hardware Java is not so interactive
C++ is nearer to hardware
with hardware
Global Scope C++ supports global and Java doesn't support global
namespace scope. scope.
Not Supporting Functionality supported in
Functionality supported in C++ but not in Java are:
Java but not in C++ are:
goto
thread support
Pointers
documentation
Call by reference
comment
Structures and Unions
unsigned right
Multiple Inheritance
shift(>>>)
Virtual Functions
OOPS Java is also an object-
oriented language. It is a
C++ is an object-oriented
single root hierarchy as
language. It is not a single
everything gets derived
root hierarchy .
from a single class
([Link]).
Inheritance Tree Java uses a Single
C++ always creates a new inheritance tree as classes
inheritance tree. in Java are the child of
object classes in Java.
9. Explain public static void main(String args[]) in Java.
Unlike any other programming language like C, C++, etc. In Java, we declared the
main function as a public static void main (String args[]). The meanings of the terms
are mentioned below:
1. public: the public is the access modifier responsible for mentioning who can
access the element or the method and what is the limit. It is responsible for
making the main function globally available. It is made public so that JVM can
invoke it from outside the class as it is not present in the current class.
2. static: static is a keyword used so that we can use the element without initiating
the class so to avoid the unnecessary allocation of the memory.
3. void: void is a keyword and is used to specify that a method doesn’t return
anything. As the main function doesn't return anything we use void.
4. main: main represents that the function declared is the main function. It helps
JVM to identify that the declared function is the main function.
5. String args[]: It stores Java command-line arguments and is an array of type
[Link] class.
10. What is Java String Pool?
A Java String Pool is a place in heap memory where all the strings defined in the
program are stored. A separate place in a stack is there where the variable storing
the string is stored. Whenever we create a new string object, JVM checks for the
presence of the object in the String pool, If String is available in the pool, the same
object reference is shared with the variable, else a new object is created.
Example:
String str1="Hello";
// "Hello" will be stored in String Pool
// str1 will be stored in stack memory
11. What will happen if we don't declare the main as static?
We can declare the main method without using static and without getting any errors.
But, the main method will not be treated as the entry point to the application or the
program.
12. What are Packages in Java?
Packages in Java can be defined as the grouping of related types of classes,
interfaces, etc providing access to protection and namespace management.
13. Why Packages are used?
Packages are used in Java in order to prevent naming conflicts, control access, and
make searching/locating and usage of classes, interfaces, etc easier.
14. What are the advantages of Packages in Java?
There are various advantages of defining packages in Java.
Packages avoid name clashes.
The Package provides easier access control.
We can also have the hidden classes that are not visible outside and are used by
the package.
It is easier to locate the related classes.
15. How many types of packages are there in Java?
There are two types of packages in Java
User-defined packages
Build In packages
16. Explain different data types in Java.
There are 2 types of data types in Java as mentioned below:
1. Primitive Data Type
2. Non-Primitive Data Type or Object Data type
Primitive Data Type: Primitive data are single values with no special
capabilities. There are 8 primitive data types:
boolean: stores value true or false
byte: stores an 8-bit signed two's complement integer
char: stores a single 16-bit Unicode character
short: stores a 16-bit signed two’s complement integer
int: stores a 32-bit signed two’s complement integer
long: stores a 64-bit two’s complement integer
float: stores a single-precision 32-bit IEEE 754 floating-point
double: stores a double-precision 64-bit IEEE 754 floating-point
Non-Primitive Data Type: Reference Data types will contain a memory address
of the variable's values because it is not able to directly store the values in the
memory. Types of Non-Primitive are mentioned below:
Strings
Array
Class
Object
Interface
17. When a byte datatype is used?
A byte is an 8-bit signed two-complement integer. The minimum value supported by
bytes is -128 and 127 is the maximum value. It is used in conditions where we need
to save memory and the limit of numbers needed is between -128 to 127.
18. Can we declare Pointer in Java?
No, Java doesn't provide the support of Pointer. As Java needed to be more secure
because which feature of the pointer is not provided in Java.
19. What is the default value of byte datatype in Java?
The default value of the byte datatype in Java is 0.
20. What is the default value of float and double datatype in Java?
The default value of the float is 0.0f and of double is 0.0d in Java.