Determiner
1. Definisi
Determiner adalah kata yang diletakkan sebelum kata benda (noun) untuk memberikan
informasi tambahan mengenai:
kepemilikan,
jumlah,
kejelasan (specific vs. general),
atau keterbatasan suatu benda.
Determiner bukan kata sifat (adjective), meskipun sama-sama diletakkan sebelum kata benda.
Bedanya:
Adjective menjelaskan sifat (a big house → “besar”)
Determiner menjelaskan identitas/kuantitas (this house, some houses, my house).
2. Fungsi Determiner
Menentukan apakah kata benda spesifik atau umum.
o This book (spesifik) vs. a book (umum).
Menunjukkan jumlah.
o two cats, many students, several ideas.
Menyatakan kepemilikan.
o my car, his house, their teacher.
Menunjukkan keterbatasan atau kejelasan.
o all people, some people, no people.
3. Jenis-Jenis Determiner
A. Articles
Ada dua jenis:
1. Definite article: the → menunjukkan sesuatu yang spesifik.
o the sun, the teacher in this class.
2. Indefinite articles: a, an → menunjukkan sesuatu yang umum/tidak spesifik.
o a cat, an apple.
⚠️a digunakan sebelum kata berawalan konsonan; an sebelum kata berawalan vokal.
B. Demonstratives (Penunjuk)
Menunjukkan jarak atau posisi benda.
this (ini), these (ini-ini), that (itu), those (itu-itu).
o This book is mine.
o Those cars are expensive.
C. Possessive Determiners
Menunjukkan kepemilikan.
my, your, his, her, its, our, their.
o My bag is on the table.
o Their house is very big.
D. Quantifiers (Penentu jumlah)
Memberi informasi jumlah, bisa pasti atau tidak pasti.
1. Jumlah pasti
o one, two, three, first, second, etc.
o two apples, the first chapter.
2. Jumlah tidak pasti
o some, many, much, few, little, several, a lot of, all, no.
o some books, many people, little water.
E. Interrogative Determiners (Kata Tanya)
Digunakan dalam pertanyaan, selalu diikuti kata benda.
which, what, whose.
o Which book do you want?
o Whose bag is this?
F. Distributive Determiners
Menunjukkan bagian dari kelompok.
each, every, either, neither.
o Each student has a book.
o Neither option is good.
G. Numbers & Ordinals
Numbers (cardinals): one, two, three.
Ordinals: first, second, third.
o I have three brothers.
o She lives on the second floor.
H. Other Common Determiners
another, other, the other.
o I need another pen.
o The other student is absent.
4. Aturan Urutan Determiner
Hanya satu determiner utama bisa digunakan sebelum sebuah noun, tetapi bisa digabung
dengan adjective.
📌 Contoh:
✅ My two best friends
o (Possessive → Number → Adjective → Noun)
✅ The first three big houses
o (Article → Ordinal → Number → Adjective → Noun)
⚠️Kesalahan umum:
❌ My the book → salah (tidak boleh dua determiner utama).
✅ My book atau the book.
5. Perbedaan Determiner dengan Adjective
Determiner Adjective
Menentukan benda (jumlah, kepemilikan, kejelasan). Memberi sifat/keterangan pada benda.
Tidak bisa diulang (hanya satu utama sebelum noun). Bisa banyak sekaligus.
This car, my car, some cars. big car, red car, beautiful car.
Contoh gabungan:
This beautiful red car is mine.
o Determiner = This
o Adjectives = beautiful, red
6. Contoh Kalimat Lengkap dengan Determiner
1. I have a book. (article)
2. Please give me the pen on the table. (definite article)
3. She likes these shoes. (demonstrative)
4. That is my bag. (possessive)
5. I saw several birds in the garden. (quantifier)
6. Which dress do you prefer? (interrogative)
7. There is another problem we need to solve. (other determiner)
8. He finished the first task quickly. (ordinal number)
👉 Jadi, determiner = kata penentu yang selalu muncul di depan noun (atau adjective + noun)
untuk memberi kejelasan tentang benda tersebut.
Worksheet – Determiners
A. Fill in the Blanks (Isi Titik-Titik)
Lengkapilah kalimat berikut dengan determiner yang tepat!
1. I have _______ books on my desk. (some / any)
2. There isn’t _______ sugar in the jar. (much / many)
3. Can you give me _______ apple from the basket? (an / a)
4. _______ students in this class are very diligent. (Most / Much)
5. She has _______ idea about the problem. (no / any)
B. Multiple Choice (Pilihan Ganda)
Pilihlah jawaban yang benar!
6. Do you have _______ money to buy the ticket?
a) some
b) any
c) few
d) much
7. _______ of my friends like playing football.
a) Each
b) Every
c) Most
d) Much
8. He bought _______ new shoes yesterday.
a) a pair of
b) pair of
c) some pair
d) many pair
9. We don’t have _______ time left.
a) many
b) much
c) some
d) few
10. _______ student in this class must join the test.
a) Most
b) Every
c) Each
d) All
C. Jumbled Words (Susun Kata)
Susun kata-kata berikut menjadi kalimat yang benar dengan menggunakan determiner!
11. have / I / books / few / interesting
12. bought / some / he / yesterday / apples / red
13. teacher / gave / homework / much / too / us
14. friends / many / she / in / has / school
15. milk / there / in / little / glass / is / the
D. Translation (Terjemahan)
Terjemahkan kalimat berikut ke dalam bahasa Inggris dengan menggunakan determiner yang
tepat!
16. Saya punya beberapa teman di sekolah.
17. Dia tidak punya uang sama sekali.
18. Setiap siswa harus membawa buku teks.
19. Ada sedikit air di botol itu.
20. Kebanyakan orang suka musik.
✨ Kunci Jawaban (untuk guru)
A. Fill in the Blanks
1. some
2. much
3. an
4. Most
5. no
B. Multiple Choice
6. b) any
7. c) Most
8. a) a pair of
9. b) much
10. b) Every
C. Jumbled Words
11. I have a few interesting books.
12. He bought some red apples yesterday.
13. The teacher gave us too much homework.
14. She has many friends in school.
15. There is a little milk in the glass.
D. Translation
16. I have some friends at school.
17. He has no money at all.
18. Every student must bring a textbook.
19. There is a little water in the bottle.
20. Most people like music.