Republic of the Philippines
Department of the Education
DepEd Complex, Meralco Avenue, Pasig City
REVISED SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL CURRICULUM
RUMINANTS PRODUCTION
Grade 11/12
RUMINANTS PRODUCTION
(320 HOURS)
NUMBER OF HOURS/ QUARTER: 80 hours
NUMBER OF HOURS/ WEEK: 8 hours
Course Description:
This course equips learners with essential skills in Ruminants Production, focusing on raising dairy and meat-type ruminants according
to industry standards. The course includes housing, facilities, forage production, silage making, breeding, feeding, care, management
practices, pre-selling activities, and marketing. Upon completion, learners can enroll in assessments to earn certifications, paving the
way for higher education and career opportunities in the ruminant’s production industry.
Quarter I
Content Standard: The learners demonstrate understanding on the overview, occupational safety and health standards, use and
maintenance of the different tools, materials, implements, and equipment, housing, fixtures and facilities and forage production raising
dairy and meat-type ruminants.
Performance Standard: The learners perform activities in using and maintaining of different tools, materials, implements, and
equipment, farm layout, housing, fixtures and facilities and forage production in raising dairy and meat-type ruminants in following
occupational safety and health standards.
LEARNING COMPETENCIES CONTENT
The learners….
1. discuss the overview of ruminants production Overview of Ruminants Production
• Background of Ruminants Production Industry
• Terminologies used in Ruminants Production
• Importance of Ruminants Production in Agriculture and
Economy
• Trends and Challenges in Ruminants production in the
Philippines
• Career and Business opportunities in Ruminants
production
2. discuss the use and maintenance of the different tools, Tools, Materials, Implements, and Equipment in Ruminants
materials, implements, and equipment in ruminant’s Production
production based on the industry standards
• Tools, Materials, Implements and Equipment
o Planting forages such as land preparation,
management practices and harvesting
o Breeding
o Raising dairy and meat-type
3. demonstrate occupational safety and health standards in Occupational Safety and Health Standards in Ruminants
ruminant’s production Production
• Hazard and Risk Management
• Safety Regulations and Biosecurity Measures
• Contingency Measures
• Animal health standards of Bureau of Animal
Industry (BAI) and the Department of Agriculture
(DA)
• Importance of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
4. discuss the maintenance of housing, fixtures and facilities for Housing, Fixtures, and Facilities for Ruminants
ruminants production based on industry standards • Types of housing
• Fixtures and Facilities
• Fence and Fencing materials
5. perform forage production for feeding ruminants Forage Production
• Forage species for Ruminants
o Different forage species for different types of
ruminants
o Reliable sources of quality forages
• Land Preparation
o Site selection
o Area clearing
o Tilling of land
• Construction of Fences
• Planting forage
o Techniques planting forage species according to
production requirements
o Perform task according to OSH
• Maintain forage plants
o Pest Control Management
• Fertilizer application
o Types of fertilizer
o Method of fertilizer application
• Irrigation
o Water requirements for forage plant
o Methods such as sprinkler, furrow and flooding
• Harvesting
o Methods of harvesting
o Stage of maturity
o Moisture content
o Length of cut
o Contamination
o Interval of harvesting
• Record activities for forage production
Quarter II
Content Standard: The learners demonstrate an understanding of the principles in preparation of silage and breeding in raising dairy
and meat-type ruminants.
Performance Standard: The learners perform silage making and breeding in raising dairy and meat-type ruminants in accordance with
industry practices.
LEARNING COMPETENCIES CONTENT
The learners….
1. demonstrate the procedures in silage preparation Silage Preparation
• Silage Preparation
o Harvesting forages
o Raw materials for silage making
• Silage making
o Gather excess forage and other materials
• Ensiling
o Ensiling process
o Mixing of commercial silage additives
o Packaging of silage
• Storage of forage silage
o Storage requirements and condition
• Inspection and improvement of forage silage
o Quality silage
o Adherence to Phil Good Agricultural Practices
• Maintenance of tools and equipment
• Record activities for silage production
2. discuss breeds and selection of stocks in ruminants Breeds and Selection of Stocks in Ruminants
• Breeds of small and large ruminants
o Different Breeds and types of ruminants in the
Philippines
o Characteristics and Purpose
o Factors to consider in selecting breed
• Selection of Stocks
• Characteristics of Good stocks (dairy and meat-type)
3. perform breeding of ruminants Breeding of Ruminants
• Breed Ruminants
o requirements; and
o program
• Reproductive phenomena of ruminants
• Safety Measures
o Occupational Safety and Health Standard on
breeding Operation for ruminants
• Record activities for breeding
• Post Breeding Activities
• Assessing Breeding performance of ruminants:
o observation and recording;
o reports of breeding performance; and
o culling.
Quarter III
Content Standard: The learners demonstrate an understanding of the principles in feeding and care and management in raising dairy
and meat-type ruminants.
Performance Standard: The learners perform feeding, caring and management in raising dairy and meat-type ruminants in accordance
with industry practices.
LEARNING COMPETENCIES CONTENT
The learners….
1. perform feeding of ruminants Feeding Management of Ruminants
• Provision of basal rations
• Feed supplements per animal requirements:
o concentrates;
o minerals; and
o vitamins.
• Different grazing Management
• Grazing capacity of the pasture
2. perform care and management of ruminants with the Care and Management of Ruminants
assistance of license veterinarian/ license animal science
technician • Common diseases and their signs and symptoms
• Assistance and implementation of medication programs
• Animal Husbandry practices
o hoof trimming
o castration
o dehorning/ disbudding
• Safety practices
3. perform handling of dairy animals based on industry Handling Dairy Animals
practices
• Housing provision for Pregnant Animals
• Providing assistance during calving/kidding
• Feeding management for lactating animals
• Maintain lactating animals
• Collection of milk
• Rearing newly born calf/kid:
o system in raising calf/kid; and
o common tools and materials in raising
calf/kid
• Feeding the calves/ kids
• Separation of calves required for routine husbandry
• Progress and development of calves /kids
o weighing
o visual appraisal
• Reporting welfare and health management
abnormalities
• Judging and Culling of ruminants:
o with abnormalities; and
o deformities
• Record activities in handling of dairy animals
4. apply management practices on rearing dairy-breeder animals Management Practices on Rearing Dairy-Breeder
Animals
• Housing breeder animals
• Feeding management of breeder
• Recording and reporting welfare and health abnormalities
• Monitoring health condition of animals
o weighing animals
o visual appraisal
• Animal husbandry practices
o hoof trimming
o dehorning /disbudding
• Selection of adult breeder for dairy-type animals for
breeding purposes
Quarter IV
Content Standard: The learners demonstrate an understanding of the principles in management practices, pre-selling activities and
marketing in raising dairy and meat-type ruminants.
Performance Standard: The learners perform activities in management practices, pre-selling activities and marketing of raising dairy
and meat-type ruminants in accordance with industry practices.
LEARNING COMPETENCIES CONTENT
The learners….
1. apply management practices of meat-type ruminants Management Practices of Meat-type Ruminants
• Types of confinement
o Complete confinement
o Semi confinement
• Grazing
o Strip
o Paddock
o Continuous
• Feeding the animals:
o basal ration;
o feed conversion efficiency; and
o feed supplements
• Grazing capacity of the pasture
• Body Condition Scoring
• Animal husbandry practices
o Hoof trimming
o Castration
o Dehorning/ Disbudding
• Selection and culling of meat-type ruminants
• Recording activities of management practices of meat-type
ruminants
2. perform waste disposal management in ruminants production Farm Waste Disposal Management
• Importance of Proper waste disposal
• Reduce, Reuse and Recycles (3RS)
• Methods of disposing farm waste
3. perform marketing of ruminant products Marketing of Ruminants Products
• Pre-selling Activities in Ruminants Production
o Dairy animals (milk production)
-Milk checking procedure
-Milk pasteurization
-Packaging of pasteurized milk
o Meat-type animals
-Fasting
-Proper handling and loading
-Preparation of transport vehicle
• Direct Selling
o Online
o Bulk
o Selective
4. perform record management in ruminant’s production Record Keeping
• Inventory records
• Production records
• Financial records
GLOSSARY
Animal Welfare Act - is a law designed to protect and promote the welfare of animals and it regulates the treatment of animals in
various settings, including research, teaching, testing, exhibition, transport and by dealers.
Animal Husbandry - methods and techniques used in the care, breeding, and management of farm animal
Practices
Beef - is the meat obtain from mature cattle
Breed - to keep and take care of animals in order to produce more of a particular kind
Biosecurity - is the prevention of disease causing agents entering or leaving any place where they can pose a risk to farm
animals and other animals.
Buck - a male goat over 1 year of age
Buckling - a young male goat less than a year old
Burdizzo - an instrument used for the bloodless castration of young male calves, lambs and goats by severing the
testicular cord
Bureau of Animal - investigates, study and reports the cause of dangerous communicable diseases and the means of
Industry prevention and promote the development of the livestock industries
Calf - male or female cattle that are 1 year old or younger
Calving - the process of giving birth to a calf
Castration - the removal of the testicles of a male animal
Cattle - are domesticated bovine farm animals that are raised for their meat, milk or for draft purposes.
Chevon - is a goat meat which is a low fat red meat.
Colostrum - is the first milk your body produces during pregnancy
Crossbreed - an animal produced by mating or hybridizing two different species or breeds
Culling - process of selecting and removing unproductive animals from the herd
Dehorning - the removal of the horn by removing the keratin- producing cells and structures at the base of the horn
Doe - female goat over 1 year of age
Doeling - a young female goat less than a year old
Dry Period - the period from the date of milk production to next calving
Feed Supplements - are used to balance animal nutrition, resulting in high market value and quality of livestock
Forage - food for animals especially when taken by grazing
Estrus - the period in the sexual cycle of female mammals
Gestation Period - the period of developing inside the womb between conception and birth
Heifer - female cattle who have not yet given birth to a calf
Hoof - the horny part of the foot of an ungulate animal
Immunization - the process of giving a vaccine to animals to protect them against disease
Inbreeding - mating of close relatives in species that are normally outbreeding
Kid - young goat
Kidding - the act of the birthing process in goats
Livestock - domesticated animals raised in an agricultural setting in order to provide labor and produce diversified
products for consumption such as meat, eggs, milk, fur, leather and wool.
Livestock auction - any place of business or establishment where livestock are offered or exposed for sale or sold by weight or
market head for compensation or profit.
Legumes - are forages suitable for growing and fattening stock
Pasture - land covered with grass and other low plants suitable for grazing animals
Pasteurization - the partial sterilization of a product, such as milk or wine, to make it safe for consumption and improve its
keeping quality
Polled animal - animals that horns have been cut off or have been bred to be without horns
Pure breeding - offspring resulting from a true breeding
Ration - The amount of feed an animal receives in a 24-hour period
Silage - grass or other green fodder compacted and stored in airtight conditions, typically in a silo, without first
being dried, and used as animal feed
Silo - a large structure, usually cylindrical used for storing silage
Steer - male cattle that are castrated before reaching sexual maturity
Vaccination - to protect the herd from harmful diseases for health, economic and welfare reasons
Veal - meat obtained from calves
Weaning - the withdrawal of access to milk
Weanling - an animal that no longer relies on its mother’s milk for nutrients
TOOLS, MATERIALS, EQUIPMENT
TOOLS MATERIALS EQUIPMENT
• Burdizzo • Animals ( Ruminants) • Audiovisual
• Bolo • Antibiotics • Chute
• Carpentry tools • Cooler • Double broiler
• Ear applicator • Detergent • Electric shearer
• Elastrator • Disinfectant • Fire extinguisher
• Feeding trough • Disposable gloves • Foot baths
• Garden hose • Ear tags, branding iron • Forage chopper
• Hammer • Forage planting materials • Hoof grinder
• Hoof trimmer • Hairnet • Refrigerator
• Hot iron dehorner • Hand soap/ sanitizer • Shredder
• Knife cutter • Ice –crushed (for water bath after • Stancheon
• Milking pails pasteurization • Water system
• Mineral boxes • Milk bottles • Water tank
• Planting tools • Organic fertilizers • Electric disbudder
• Scythe • Sacks • PPE
• Shovel • Scrub broom • Dust coats
• Syringes (5 to 20ml cap.) • Supplemental feeds
• Tattoo pliers • Trash can - Mask
• Waterer • Vaccines - Gloves
• Wheelbarrow • Medicines (vitamins and - Boots
• Weighing scale (1000 kg. cap.) antibiotics)
Small ruminants - 200 kg • Learning Materials - Raincoats
capacity
- Books
- Manuals
References
1. Technical Education Skills Development Authority (TESDA) Qualification Standards Office- Training Regulation on
Ruminants NC II. Taguig City, Philippines: TESDA,2013
2. Bureau of Animal Industry, Mandates and Legal Basis. Retrieved at [Link]
basis
3. Department of Education -K to 12 Agri-Fishery Arts – Animal Production (Large Ruminants) NC II Curriculum Guide
May 2016 *