Activity
• Group your selves into 5 groups
• List down the different Hardware components
of a computer system
• Give a short definition of its components
• Report it on the class
• What can you say about the activity?
• How did you come up your answer?
• What are the different hardware
component of your computer system?
• How important is computer system ,
devices and peripherals?
COMPUTER SYSTEM, DEVICES AND
PERIPHERALS
– As an aspiring computer technician, it is very
important to know the system that runs your
computer and different devices attached to it.
Each device plays an important role, without each
other computer system will not work properly.
What is an Operating System
– The operating system is the most important
program that runs on a computer. Every
general-purpose computer must have an
operating system to run other programs.
Operating systems perform basic tasks, such as
recognizing input from the keyboard, sending
output to the display screen, keeping track of
files and directories on the disk, and controlling
peripheral devices such as disk drives and
printers.
A. Major hardware components of
a computer system
The following list
represents a basic set of
hardware found in most
PCs.
• 1. System Unit
• 2. Motherboard / Mainboard / System Board
• 3. CPU (Central Processing Unit)
• 4. Primary storage(Memory)
• 5. Expansion Bus
• 7. Power Supply Unit (PSU)
• 8. Hard Disk Drive (HDD)
• 9. Optical Drive
• 10. Keyboard
• 11. Scanning Devices
• 12. Voice- Input Devices
• 13. Monitors
• 14. Printer
• 15. Floppy diskette
• 1. System Unit- The main part of a
microcomputer, sometimes called the chassis.
It includes the following parts: Motherboard,
Microprocessor, Memory Chips, Buses, Ports,
Expansion Slots and Cards.
• 2. Motherboard / Mainboard / System Board-
The main circuit board of a computer. It
contains all the circuits and components that
run the computer.
Motherboard is also known as “main board
or system board”. This contains the
important internal computer components
such as the Central Processing Unit (CPU),
RAM, BIOS and Ports that controls and
connects all the peripheral devices installed
in the computer to perform as one system.
• 3. CPU (Central Processing Unit) - The processor is the main
“brain” or “heart” of a computer system. It performs all of the
instructions and calculations that are needed and manages
the flow of information through a computer.
• 4. Primary storage- (internal storage, main
memory or memory) is the computer's
working storage space that holds data,
instructions for processing and processed data
(information) waiting to be sent to secondary
storage. Physically, primary storage is a
collection of RAM chips.
Two (2) Types of Memory
a. ROM – (Read Only Memory) ROM is non-volatile,
meaning it holds data even when the power is ON or
OFF.
b. RAM – (Random Access Memory) RAM is volatile,
meaning it holds data only when the power is on.
When the power is off, RAM's contents are lost.
5. Expansion Bus - A bus is a data pathway between several
hardware components inside or outside a computer. It does not
only connect the parts of the CPU to each other, but also links the
CPU with other important hardware.
6. Adapters- Printed-circuit boards (also called
interface cards) that enable the computer to use a
peripheral device for which it does not have the
necessary connections or circuit boards. They are
often used to permit upgrading to a new different
hardware.
• 7. Power Supply Unit (PSU) - Installed in the
back corner of the PC case, next to the
motherboard. It converts 120vac (standard
house power) into DC voltages that are used by
other components in the PC.
8. Hard Disk Drive (HDD) - Also known as hard
drive, is a magnetic storage device that is
installed inside the computer. The hard drive is
used as permanent storage for data. In a
Windows computer, the hard drive is usually
configured as the C: drive and contains the
operating system and applications
• 9. Optical Drive- An optical drive is a storage
device that uses lasers to read data on the
optical media. There are three types of optical
drives: Compact Disc (CD), Digital Versatile
Disc (DVD) and Blu-ray Disc (BD).
C G M M Q F Y L W K C P A H K H G C N H
P O R K I R X N A A O A U A K B M P H U
Z A M Z W G W P X W A F V R Q V X U M Y
Q U I P R Y P T E X V I R D B W A O R B
I R T B A R S R U Y L G R D V J B O C U
A O N R D C S G S I L N H I Q S M I L X
C U H L Q U T Z G D C J F S E E J K O U
N H X S P U P D A K O Z X K M T Y U Z S
G H L P F H G P I Z T A F D O U U F T R
A S L W W T R A O S Q F A R E H B G M O
R Y B E A E M J I X K P I I X E C F H T
E S A C M E T S Y S D D E V W T I D V I
K W M I Q K K I S I O R R E I L D F F N
L E I O M E H Y A S K S A I I D G Z K O
M Q U N D H M R W O Q U H O V K T M J M
W P T H E R M K Z W J U B J B E A P Q Z
K Z Z M L H M O U S E C K Y C Y V Y S D
Y B Y V X E W P L Q Q Y O V N H E Z H D
R N F H T U B U G L S N P F J W N K N J
M J G N Y H V J D U G F L U X O M K D A
C G M M Q F Y L W K C P A H K H G C N H
P O R K I R X N A A O A U A K B M P H U
Z A M Z W G W P X W A F V R Q V X U M Y
Q U I P R Y P T E X V I R D B W A O R B
I R T B A R S R U Y L G R D V J B O C U
A O N R D C S G S I L N H I Q S M I L X
C U H L Q U T Z G D C J F S E E J K O U
N H X S P U P D A K O Z X K M T Y U Z S
G H L P F H G P I Z T A F D O U U F T R
A S L W W T R A O S Q F A R E H B G M O
R Y B E A E M J I X K P I I X E C F H T
E S A C M E T S Y S D D E V W T I D V I
K W M I Q K K I S I O R R E I L D F F N
L E I O M E H Y A S K S A I I D G Z K O
M Q U N D H M R W O Q U H O V K T M J M
W P T H E R M K Z W J U B J B E A P Q Z
K Z Z M L H M O U S E C K Y C Y V Y S D
Y B Y V X E W P L Q Q Y O V N H E Z H D
R N F H T U B U G L S N P F J W N K N J
M J G N Y H V J D U G F L U X O M K D A
• B. Input Devices - Accepts data and instructions
from the user or from another computer system.
• Two (2) Types of Input Devices
• 1. Keyboard Entry – Data is inputted to the
computer through a keyboard.
• Keyboard - The first input device developed for
the PC. Data is transferred to the PC over a short
cable with a circular 6-pin Mini-din connector that
plugs into the back of the motherboar
• 2. Direct Entry – A form of input that does not
require data to be keyed by someone sitting at
a keyboard. Direct-entry devices create
machine-readable data on paper, or magnetic
media, or feed it directly into the computer’s
CPU.
Three Categories of Direct Entry Devices
1. Pointing Devices - An input device used to
move the pointer (cursor) on screen.
Mouse - The most common 'pointing device'
used in PCs. Every mouse has two
buttons and most have one or two scroll wheels
• Touch screen- A display screen that is sensitive
to the touch of a finger or stylus. Used in
myriad applications, including ATM machines,
retail point-of-sale terminals, car navigation
and industrial controls. The touch screen
became wildly popular for smart phones and
tablets.
• Light Pen - A light-sensitive stylus wired to a
video terminal used to draw pictures or select
menu options. The user brings the pen to the
desired point on screen and presses the pen
button to make contact.
Digitizer Tablet - A graphics drawing tablet
used for sketching new images or tracing old
ones. Also called a "graphics tablet," the user
contacts the surface of the device with a wired
or wireless pen or puck. Often mistakenly called
a mouse, the puck is officially the "tablet
• 2. Scanning Devices- A device that can read
text or illustrations printed on paper and
translates the information into a form the
computer can use.
• 3. Voice- Input Devices - Audio input devices
also known as speech or voice recognition
systems that allow a user to send audio signals
to a computer for processing, recording, or
carrying out commands. Audio input devices
such as microphones allow users to speak to
the computer in order to record a voice
message or navigate software.
• C. Output Devices - Any piece of computer
hardware that displays results after the
computer has processed the input data that
has been entered.
1. Computer Display Monitor- It
displays information in visual form,
using text and graphics. The portion
of the monitor that displays the
information is called the screen or
video display terminal.
• a. Monitors - Cathode Ray Tubes (CRT) were
the only type of displays for use with desktop
PCs. They are relatively big (14" to 16" deep)
and heavy (over 15 lbs).
4. Printer - A device that prints text or
illustrations on paper.
• What is a Storage Device?
• Aside from the devices attached on a PC, there
are also the so called storage devices that
perform a special task in computing system.
Storage device is any apparatus for recording
computer data in a permanent or semi-
permanent form.
Types of storage devices
• Floppy diskette- is a random access,
removable data storage medium that can be
used with personal computers. The term
usually refers to the magnetic medium housed
in a rigid plastic cartridge measuring 3.5
inches square and about 2millimeters thick.
Also called a "3.5-inch diskette," it can store
up to 1.44 megabytes (MB) of data.
• Compact disc (CD) – also called optical disc is a
nonmagnetic, polished metal disk used to store
digital information. The disc is read by the CD-
ROM.
• Digital Versatile Disc (DVD)- an optical disc
technology with a 4.7 gigabyte storage capacity on
a single-sided, one-layered disk, which is enough
for a 133-minute movie.
• Jump drive and USB flash drive- is a plug-and-play
portable storage device that uses flash memory
and is lightweight enough to attach to a key chain.
A USB drive can be used in place of a floppy disk,
Zip drive disk, or CD.
• Hard drive- is the main, and usually largest, data
storage device in a computer. The operating system,
software titles and most other files are stored in the
hard disk drive.
• LS-120- is a drive which supports a special floppy
diskette which can store up to 120MB of
information as well as being backwards compatible
and still supporting the standard 1.44MB floppy
diskettes
• Zip drive-is a small, portable disk drive used
primarily for backing up and archiving personal
computer files.
• Role Playing
• Group yourselves according to your talent
• Give the different computer devices and its function
(Input , Output and Storage devices)
• Showcase your talent in front of the class.
• Each presentation will be rated using the following
criteria; CRITERIA PERCENTAGE SCORE
Accuracy (Accurate role and function of a 30%
device was accurately shown)
Presentation (Organization or sequence 30%
of the play, appropriate gestures was
used)
Clarity (Clearly delivered each topic) 30%
Team work (cooperation of each member) 10%
Performance Rating
Matching Type
Direction: Match column A with Column B and write your answer on a separate sheet of paper.
A.
[Link] serves as the brain of computer. B.
2. Printed-circuit boards (also called interface cards) a. Adapter
that enable the computer to use a peripheral device b. CD- ROM
3. Also called read/write memory c. CPU
4. a small, portable disk used primarily for backing d. Floppy disk
up files e. Microphone
5. The main circuit board of a computer f. Monitor
6. Also called diskette g. Motherboard
7. Acts as a pointing device h. Mouse
8. Device that makes sounds, clips and any audio i. Optical Drive
materials be j. RAM
heard. k. ROM
9. Component that reads and record data in CDs and l. Speaker
DVDs. m. Zip Drive
10. it is a visual device that displays the information
• To deepen your understanding with regard to the
different components / devices of a computer,
utilize the Internet and the website
[Link], view the video
regarding parts of the computer. Use the URLs
below:
• 1. [Link]
training/220-801/anoverview-of-motherboard-
types/
• 2. [Link]
training/220-801/anoverview-of-pc-input-devices/
After watching the videos, answer the
following questions:
1. What are the different types of motherboard
shown in the video?
2. What are the different sizes of a
motherboard?
3. What are the different types of CPU?
4. Describe the different types of memory cited
in the video.
5. What do you think is the most efficient
monitor used in our computers nowadays?