VOLLEYBALL
HISTORY
Volleyball is a dynamic sport enjoyed by millions across the world. It was originally called
"Mintonette" and invented in 1895 by William G. Morgan in Holyoke, Massachusetts as a
less strenous alternative to basketball. The game quickly gained popularity and was
renamed "Volleyball" after a demostration in 1896 where observers noted the volleying
nature of the play. The sport became an official olympic sport in 1964.
SKILLS
Volleyball requires players to master six fundamental skills: serve, pass, set, spike, block
and dig. Each skill comprises specific techniques and is essential for both offence and
defence.
k
Skill Description
Initiates the rally by hitting the ball over the net into the opponent's court,
Serve
aiming to score or disruot their reception.
Receives the serve or opponent's attack, controlling the ball and directing it
Pass
towards the setter.
Positions the ball in the air for an attacker to hit, using fingertips to redirect
Set
the ball accurately and consistently.
Hits the ball powerfully over the net, aiming to land it in the opponent's
Spike(Attack)
cout and score a point.
Stops or deflects an opponent's attack at the net by extending their arms
Block
above the net.
POSITIONS
Each teams consists of six players on the court holding specific positions and
responsibilities.
Setter
The Setter also known as the Playmaker of the team controls the second touch and sets
the attacker to score points through spike. He plays an important role in the team's offence.
Outside Hitter
The outsider hitter mainly attacks from the left side of the court and is responsible for most
of the points through offense. Receives most of the sets and converts them into points, also
skilled in blocking, digging, passing often setting other attackers.
Opposite Hitter
The opposite hitter is typically positioned on the left side of the court infront of the
opponent team's Outside hitter. He is responsible for blocking the other team's outside
hitter; stopping them from scoring points and also spiking in between the rallies.
Middle Blocker
The middles blockers are primarily responsible for blocking opponent's attacks on the net
and score points with 1st tempo quicks to catch opponent's defence offgaurd. Often used as
Decoy for confusing the opponent blockers.
Libero
A backrow defensive specialist which has mastered the art of Receiving and passing in
Volleyball, they are mainly responsible for picking up the spikes from the attackers. They do
not let the ball touch the ground until its their point. They cannot block, attack, serve or
even set with their fingers in the attackrow, they use a different colored jersey during the
game.
Defensive specialis
A player focused on defense and serve reception, often substituting in for front-row players
in the back-row.
RULES
Teams: Two teams of six players each, with three in the front row and three in the
back row.
Court Dimensions: Standard court is 18 meters long and 9 meters wide, divided by a
net. Net height is 2.43 meters for men and 2.24 meters for women. An attack line is
drawn 3 meters from the net on each side.
Gameplay: Begins with a serve from behind the end line. Teams can have a maximum
of three hits or touchs to return the ball over the net. A player cannot hit or touch the
ball twice in a row, except in the case of block, where the player who blocks may
touch the ball again as the first of the team's three contacts.
Scoring: Rally scoring is used, meaning a point is awarded on every rally, regardless
of which team served. A point is scored when the ball lands in the opponent's court,
the opponent fails to return the ball legally or commits a fault.
Winning a set: Non-deciding sets are played to 25 points, with a minimum two-point
lead required to win. Deciding sets are played to 15 points. The team with most set
win, wins the match.
Faults: Touching the net, crossing the centerline, more than 3 touchs, double touchs,
holding the ball (carry), back row players attacking and blocking in the front row, etc.
Rotation: Players rotate clockwise one position each time their team wins the serve
from the opponent. This ensures that all players have a chance to play in different
positions and serve.
Substitution: Teams are allowed a limited number of substitutions per set (rules vary
per league)