MULTIPLE CHOICE COLLECTION 4

FASHIONS IN SIGHTSEEING

The questions of what makes an entertaining sightseeing excursion is just as to the (56)
______ of fashion as any other activity. A trip around the spectacular coastal scenery of
Western Scotland is now a highly attractive option but a couple of centuries ago that same
landscape was regarded as a wild and scary wasteland. (57) ______, in western Europe,
safely (58) ______ mines and other (59) ______ of the region‟s industrial heritage are now
being reinvented as visitor attractions, whilst (60) ______ factories and power stations get a
lease of life as shopping centres and art galleries. This (61) ______ the question: if (62)
______ industrial sites can attract tourists, then why not (63) ______ ones?
The Yokohama Factory Scenery Night Cruise is just one of several industrial sightseeing
tours now available in Japan. These are part of an emerging niche tourist trade, (64) ______
by a craze amongst young urbanites to reconnect with the country‟s industrial base. Seeing
the oil refineries and steelwork at night, when lights and flares are more visible, (65) ______
adds to the aesthetic charm of the experience.

56. A. trends B. whims C. fad D. vogue

57. A. Increasingly B. Progressively C. Consequently D. subsequently
58. A. desolated B. decomposed C. decommissioned D. defragmented
59. A. remainders B. inheritances C. leftovers D. legacies
60. A. precedent B. redundant C. relinquished D. distinctive
61. A. begs B. arouses C. pops D. brings
62. A. dynamic B. vitalising C. defunct D. bygone
63. A. dismantling B. operating C. functioning D. mentoring
64. A. demanded B. powered C. pushed D. fuelled
65. A. obviously B. apparently C. certainly D. assuredly

26. Life is so busy that taking time to walk sometimes feels like a(n) ______.
A. diligence B. negligence C. indulgence D. divergence

27. I advise you to ______ clear of the casinos.

A. stray B. steer C. stick D. veer

28. We had crossed five mountain passes, and endured relentless mosquitoes, ______ blisters
and terrible sleep.
A. persistent B. resolute C. enduring D. lasting

29. ______ the force of the explosion, it’s a miracle they survived.
A. Regarding B. Presuming C. Given D. Accepted

30. Back in 1979, the revolution was in full swing; ______, not the slightest trace of it
remains.
A. later thirty years B. thirty years onwards C. thirty years away D. thirty years on

31. Sydney cycling: has the city that 'hates bikes' finally ______?
A. turned in its grave B. turned its stomach C. turned the corner D. turned the tide
32. Some experts have ______ doubts that the measures will work given the speed with
which cases have risen in recent days.
A. voiced B. uttered C. declared D. sounded

35. While activities such as creative writing can help you ______ your emotions, other things
like knitting or crafting can give us some space and a safe haven away from our stresses.
A. utter B. unleash C. vent D. emit

Question 56. The speech was ______ by the music coming from the next room. We couldn’t
hear a word she said .

A. broken out B. drowned out C. pulled out D. dropped out

Question 57. I don't want to ask the question, but it is the big ______ in the room.

A. problem B. animal C. elephant D. matter

Question 58. If the work-force respected you, you wouldn't need to ______ your authority so
often.

A. affirm B. inflict C. maintain D. assert

Question 59. The earthquake ______ 6.5 on the Richter scale.

A. measured B. achieved C. counted D. weighed

Question 60. The children ______ by social networks are likely to suffer from depression and
other health problems.

A. obsessing B. who obsessed C. are obsessed D. obsessed

Question 61. The factory is working below ______ because of the shortage of essential
materials.

A. scope B. capacity C. range D. denstiy

Question 62. Four miles off the southern coast of Massachusetts ______, a popular summer
resort.

A. where the island of Martha’s Vineyard lie B. lies the island of Martha’s Vineyard

C. the island of Martha’s Vineyard lies there D. does the island of Martha’s Vineyard lie

Question 63. She is reported to be ______ a spectator.

A. an athlete more than B. more an athlete than

C. an athlete of more than D. more of an athlete than

Question 64. They were at the stadium with us last night, so they ______ at the theatre then.
A. needn’t have been B. might have been

C. mustn’t have been D. can’t have been

Question 65. Ebola virus disease which is ongoing in West Africa is a severe, often fatal
illness, with a ______ rate of up to 90%.

A. dying B. mortal C. dead D. fatality

Question 66. The Martins have confirmed their strong ______ to charity actions by donating
a lump sum of money again.

A. assignment B. compliance C. commitment D. reliance

Question 67. Travellers will need some cash in ______ currency but they can use their credit
cards. A. local B. current C. real D. area

Question 68. It’s Prime Minister’s right to ______ an election at any time he likes

A. nominate B. submit C. call D. summon

Question 69. You are bound to find information on the stock market crash of 1987 in the
newspaper _____.

A. archives B. files C. records D. collections

Question 70. ______, we missed our plane.

A. The train is late B. The train being late C. To be late D. The train was late

Question 71. Offices, too, will go ______ with the result that paper will almost completely
disappear.

A. electrified B. well C. wrong D. Electronic

Sentence meaning: Offices will also become electronic, meaning they will store and process
information digitally, so paper will almost completely disappear.

(chuyển sang điện tử, số hoá)

Question 72. We did our best to fix the broken computer but our efforts bore no ______.

A. end B. fruit C. luck D. success

26. That human rights are ________ is unacceptable in a civilized society.

A. infringed [Link] C. abrogated D. quashed

27. The regular appearance of sex and violence on television undoubtedly has a ________
influence on teenagers.

A. pernicious B. parsimonious C. precipitous D. propitious

28. China fueled fears that its________economy is about to slow further after Beijing cut its
main interest rate by 0.25 percentage points.

A. diseased B. ailing [Link] D. unwell

29. Alaska boasts several climates due to its ________ mountains, warm ocea currents, and
frozen seas.

A. adept B. pious [Link] D. lofty

30. The Oscar winning actress simply________ charm and professionalism in her acceptance
speech.

[Link] [Link] [Link] D. extricated

31. Companies are joining forces with governments in Africa to ________ regional
campaigns against malaria.

A. fabricate B. originate [Link] D. produce

32. I hope the computer course starts this term. We’re all as keen as ________ to get going.

[Link] B. mustard C. a gigolo D. cornflakes

33. The proposed ________of Micro industries and SJ electronics would make the new
company the largest electronics firm in Britain.

A. combination B. merger C. fusion D. mixture

34. She ________ agreed to go with him to the football match although she had no interest in
the game at all.

A. apologetically B. grudgingly C. shamefacedly D. discreetly

35. Due to many years of________ , the Smiths had nothing to fall back on when it was time
for them to retire.

A. illiteracy B. impunity C. inflexibility D. imprudence

36. Writing rhymes for birthday cards is really easy. It's money for old ________.

A. rags B. bread C. rope D. rubbish

37. The celebrations were somewhat ________ by the announcement of her resignation.

A. outshone B. overshadowed C. overcast D. Outweighed

to cause someone or something to seem less important or less happy

38. Whenever we organise social events or outings in our office, Janice remains ________ ,
as if such things are beneath her.

A. inaccessible B. outstanding C. aloof D. invisible

39. "Mary, I'd like you to meet Howard Canning. He was a(n) ________ at university."

A. accompaniment B. twill C. contemporary D. coincidence

40. There was little we could do ________registering a formal complaint.

A. beyond B. further C. over D. beside

26. Because of the unfortunate ….., your order was not dispatched by the date requested.

A. hindrance B. oversight C. negligence D. Transgression

Vì sự sơ suất đáng tiếc, đơn hàng của bạn đã không được gửi đi vào ngày yêu cầu.

27. Failing to submit the proposal on time was………… for Tom.

A. a nail in the coffin B. a real kick in the pants

C. a shot in the dark D. an open and shut case

28. His new yacht is certainly an_______display of his wealth.

A. ostentatious B. ossified C. intuitive D. elusive

29. I don’t need any medicine. I’m as right as____.

A. clouds B. rays C. rain D. a haze

30. When threatened, the opossum often______death.

A. avoids B. confronts C. feigns D. Withstands

Khi bị đe dọa, con thú có túi opossum thường giả chết.

31. Anna’s friend knew the casting director, so she pulled a few _________ to arrange an
audition.

A. ropes B. wires C. strings D. threads

32. _________ to interfere in your affairs but I would like to give you just one piece of
advice.

A. It is far from clear B. Far from it for me

C. Far and wide for me D. Far be it from me

33. Although a ...... retina sounds very serious, the operation to repair it only took a short
time.

A. disconnected B. detached C. dismounted D. decentralized

34. They’re planning to….……….their operation in North America and focus on Eastern
Europe.

A. wind down B. start up C. fire up D. face up

35. I will not be made the........... for this disaster. I acted on the advice of people above me in
this company and if I go, I am taking them with me!

A. loser B. sacrifice C. Scapegoat

26. She ______ up a clenched fist in a gesture of defiance when her boss asked

her to run errands.

A. caught B. brought C. took D. held

27. We live in a ______ society where shopping is all-important.

A. consumer B. consumption C. procurement D. purchase

28. I ______ some friends and we went to the beach together.

A. rang off B. rounded up C. put on D. ran in

29. She ______ skirted around the topic of marriage with her forty-year-old son.

A. tactfully B. perceptively C. insightfully D. Unselfishly

Cô ấy khéo léo tránh nói trực tiếp về chủ đề hôn nhân với cậu con trai 40 tuổi.

30. This hotel looked older and ______ in the name of the Lion's Cub.

A. desired B. relished C. envied D. rejoiced

31. Put a ______ of butter in the frying pan to make the steak taste better.

A. spring B. pile C. pinch D. knob

32. It’s Mum who ______ in our house, but she always consults Dad about every

major and minor thing.

A. sits on the fence B. rules the roost

C. talks through her hat D. makes her hackles rise

33. That Italian restaurant is nowhere near as good since it changed ______.

A. hands B. fingers C. minds D. heads

34. Being ______ in the subtleties of cookery, Anne was unsure about the amount

of sugar required.

A. uninitiated B. unversed C. unknowing D. unquoted

35. I knew that faking the tears would ______ her and end the punishment, but I

refused because it is against my personality.

A. insinuate= imply B. ingratiate C. gratify D. pander

36. I ______ in this relationship and I make every decision.

A. pack my bags B. wear the trousers

C. tighten my belt D. knock my socks off

37. After lunch our host suggested, "Shall we ______ to the drawing room?”

A. retire B. retreat C. retract D. recede

38. After six months of stay-at-home orders, "COVID-19 Fatigue" is to be expected,

but it's important to remain ______.

A. circumspect B. frugal C. cagey D. vigilant

39. It didn’t take much to ______ the old animosity lurking beneath the surface of

their relationship.

A. regain B. recuperate C. rekindle D. Revive

 = khơi lại, làm bùng lên (cảm xúc, mối quan hệ).

 Translation: Chẳng cần nhiều để khơi lại mối thù hằn cũ đang ẩn dưới bề mặt mối quan
hệ của họ

40. Our family ______ enjoyed our holiday in Vietnam – the places are beautiful

and the people are nice.

A. strongly B. thoroughly C. deeply D. significantly

One of the current definitions of a symbol is that it is “something that stands for

something else.” We can differentiate between three kinds of symbols: the

conventional, the accidental, and the universal symbol.

The conventional symbol is the best known of the three, since we employ it in

everyday language. If we see the word “table” or hear the sound “table,” the letters

t-a-b-l-e stand for something else. They stand for the thing “table” that we see,

touch, and use. What is the connection between the word “table” and the thing

“table”? Is there any inherent relationship between them? Obviously not. The thing

table has nothing to do with the sound table, and the only reason the word

symbolizes the thing is the convention of calling this particular thing by a name. We

learn this connection as children by the repeated experience of hearing the word in

reference to the thing until a lasting association is formed so that we don’t have to

think to find the right word.

There are some words, however, in which the association is not only

conventional. When we say “phooey,” for instance, we make with our lips a

movement of dispelling the air quickly. It is an expression of disgust in which our

mouths participate. By this quick expulsion of air we imitate and thus express our

intention to expel something, to get it out of our system. In this case, as in some

others, the symbol has an inherent connection with the feeling it symbolizes. But

even if we assume that originally many or even all words had their origins in some

such inherent connection between symbol and the symbolized, most words no

longer have this meaning for us when we learn a language.

Words are not the only illustration for conventional symbols, although they are

most frequent and best known ones. Pictures also can be conventional symbols. A

flag, for instance, may stand for a specific country, and yet there is no intrinsic
connection between the specific colors and the country for which they stand. They

have been accepted as denoting that particular country, and we translate the visual

impression of the flag into the concept of that country, again on conventional

grounds.

The opposite to the conventional symbol is the accidental symbol, although they

and that which it symbolizes. Let us assume that someone has had a saddening

experience in a certain city; when he hears the name of that city, he will easily

connect the name with a mood of sadness, just as he would connect it with a mood

of joy had his experience been a happy one. Quite obviously, there is nothing in the

nature of the city that is either sad or joyful. It is the individual experience connected

with the city that makes it a symbol of a mood.

The same reaction could occur in connection with a house, a street, a certain

dress, certain scenery, or anything once connected with a specific mood. We might

find ourselves dreaming that we are in a certain city. We ask ourselves why we

happened to think of that city in our sleep and may discover that we had fallen

asleep and may discover that we had fallen asleep in a mood similar to the one

symbolized by the city. The picture in the dream represents this mood, the city

“stands for” the mood once experienced in it. The connection between the symbol

and the experience symbolized is entirely accidental.

The universal symbol is one in which there is an intrinsic relationship between

the symbol and that which it represents. Take, for instance, the symbol of fire. We

are fascinated by certain qualities of fire in a fireplace. First of all, by its aliveness.

It changes continuously, it moves all the time, and yet there is constancy in it. It

remains the same without being the same. It gives the impression of power, of

energy, of grace and lightness. It is as if it were dancing, and had an inexhaustible

 source of energy. When we use fire as a symbol, we describe the inner experience

characterized by the same elements which we notice in the sensory experience of

fire – the mood of energy, lightness, movement, grace, gaiety, sometimes one,

sometimes another of these elements being predominant in the feeling.

The universal symbol is the only one in which the relationship between the

symbol and that which is symbolized is not coincidental, but intrinsic. It is rooted in

the experience of the affinity between an emotion or thought, on the one hand, and

a sensory experience, on the other. It can be called universal because it is shared

by all men, in contrast not only to the accidental symbol, which is by its very nature

entirely personal, but also to the conventional symbol, which is restricted to a group

of people sharing the same convention. The universal symbol is rooted in the

properties of our body, our senses, and our mind, which are common to all men

and, therefore, not restricted to individuals or to specific groups. Indeed, the

language of the universal symbol is the one common tongue developed by the

human race, a language which it forgot before it succeeded in developing a

universal conventional language.

76. The passage is primarily concerned with ______.

A. refuting an argument B. describing a process

C. disproving a thesis D. refining a definition

77. According to the passage, “table” and “phooey” differ in that ______.

A. only one is a conventional symbol

B. “phooey” has an inherent link with its meaning

C. “table” is a better known symbol than “phooey”

D. only one is used exclusively by children

78. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT correct?

A. Children can learn the conventional link between a word and a thing.

B. The conventional symbol is the most widely known.

C. Only words can illustrate conventional symbols.

D. The conventional and accidental symbols have something in common.

79. The author argues that conventional symbols ______.

A. are less meaningful than accidental ones

B. necessarily have a link with an emotion

C. are less familiar than universal symbols

D. can be pictorial as well as linguistic

80. Which of the following would the author be most likely to categorize as a

conventional symbol?

A. a country road B. the Statue of Liberty C. a bonfire D. the city of London

81. According to the author’s argument, a relationship between the city of Paris and

the mood of joy can best be described as ______.

A. coincidental B. dreamlike C. elemental D. built-in

82. A major distinction of a universal symbol from conventional and accidental

symbols is ______.

A. its origins in sensory experience

B. its dependence on a specific occasion

C. the intensity of the mood experienced D. its unmemorable nature

83. According to the passage, which of the following is true?

A. Accidental and conventional symbols are entirely different.

B. Accidental symbols can be both personal and communal.

C. A word can be both inherently and conventionally associated with its meaning.

D. A universal symbol developed accidentally from the human desire to

communicate.

84. According to the passage, universal symbols ______.

A. appeal to conventionally minded people

B. are shared only among a definite human community

C. are less familiar than conventional symbols

D. are shared by all human communities

85. The author contends that the language of the universal symbol ______.

A. restricts itself to those capable of comprehending symbolism

B. should be adopted as the common tongue for the human race

C. comes before the development of everyday conventional language

D. grew out of human efforts to create a universal conventional language

[Link] for success in life, many of us think that our greatness lies in persistence, while

others believe that only realization of our limits in ability can bring true success.

Discuss both views and give your opinions.

AI is important for its potential to change how we live, work and play. It has been (61) ___
used in business to automate tasks traditionally done by humans, including customer service,
lead generation, fraud detection and quality control.

In a number of areas, AI can (62) ___ tasks more efficiently and accurately than humans. It is
especially useful for repetitive, detail-oriented tasks such as analyzing large numbers of legal
documents to (63) ___ relevant fields are properly filled in. AI's ability to process massive
data sets gives enterprises insights into their (64) ___ they might not otherwise have noticed.
The rapidly expanding array of generative AI tools is also becoming important in fields
ranging from education to marketing to product design.

Advances in AI techniques have not only helped (65) ___ an explosion in efficiency, but also
opened the door to entirely new business opportunities for some larger enterprises. (66) ___
the current wave of AI, for example, it would have been hard to imagine using computer
software to connect riders to taxis on demand, (67) ___ Uber has become a Fortune 500
company by doing just that.

AI has become (68) ___ to many of today’s largest and most successful companies, including
Alphabet, Apple, Microsoft and Meta, which use AI to improve their operations and outpace
competitors. (69) ___ Alphabet subsidiary Google, for example, AI is central to its
eponymous search engine, and self-driving car company Waymo began as an Alphabet
division. The Google Brain research lab also (70) ___ the transformer architecture that
underlies recent NLP breakthroughs such as OpenAI’s ChatGPT.

([Link]

61.
A. widelyB. popularlyC. effectivelyD. commonly

62.A. formB. makeC. ensureD. perform

63.A. helpB. makeC. ensureD. give

64.A. operationsB. exertionsC. errorsD. works

65.A. empowerB. encourageC. urgeD. force

66.A. AdditionB. NextC. PriorD. Before

67.A. yetB. soC. butD. and

68.A. to beB. relatedC. associatedD. central

69.A. SoB. AsC. InD. From

70.A. usedB. madeC. inventedD. Researched

UNIVERSAL WET WEEKEND

The weather across much of the British Isles remained settled last week, with a good (1)
______ of sunshine. On Saturday, the lunchtime temperature at Bridlington in the northeast
of England was 28.2°C, which compared favourably with Alicante in southern Spain at 29°C.
The rest of the world, however, was (2) ______ with some extreme conditions. A tropical
storm, given the name Helen, hit Hong Kong on Saturday morning, though her presence had
been felt in (3) ______ from noon on Friday, the showers and (4) ______ of rain became
more and more frequent so that by midnight on Sunday, thirty-six hours later, there had been
333mm of rainfall, not far off the (5) ______ for the month of August, at 367mm. Even on
Sunday there was a (6) ______ in Helen’s tail. The town centre of Shanwei, near Hong Kong,
was flooded when 468mm of rain fell in the sixty hours leading up to midday on Sunday, (7)
______ twice the normal August rainfall. On the other (8) ______ of the globe, tropical storm
Gabrielle moved across the Gulf of Mexico and overnight rain exceeded the usual rainfall for
the (9) ______ month. Although most of Europe enjoyed sun, the high temperatures were
sufficient to set off some (10) ______ showers. On Tuesday morning, a thunderstorm at
Lyons in eastern France deposited 99 mm of rain in just six hours.

1. A. extent B. quantity C. deal D. proportion

2. A. coping B. matching C. colliding D. queuing
3. A. light B. advance C. likelihood D. day
4. A. outbursts B. outbreaks C. outputs D. outlets
5. A. general B. standard C. medium D. average
6. A. sting B. prick C. stab D. poke
7. A. only B. fairly C. hardly D. nearly
8. A. total B. side C. face D. part
9. A. whole B. sole C. single D. total
10. A. huge B. weighty C. heavy D. strong

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