COEP Technological University, Pune
Department of Mathematics
Matrix Algebra and Calculus
Tutorial 1
Part-I: Matrices
(1) Find "(a) A +#B, (b)"2A − B, #(c) AT (d) A−1 .
1 −1 2 −1
A= ,B=
2 −1 −1 8
(2) Let A, B, C, D and E be matrices with the provided orders given as A : 3 × 4, B : 3 × 4, C : 4 × 2,
D : 4 × 2, E : 4 × 3. For the following matrices, if defined, determine the size of the matrix; if not defined,
provide an explanation.
(a) A + B (b) C + E (c) 21 D (d) −4A (e) A − 2E
(f) AC (g) BE (h) E − 2A (i) 2D + C (j) BE T
(3) Verify AB
" = BA for the# following
" matrices. # " # " #
cos α − sin α cos β − sin β 2 0 −5 0
(a) A = ,B= (b) A = ,B=
sin α cos α sin β cos β 0 −3 0 4
Whether matrix multiplication is commutative in general? Justify.
(4) Find AB and BA, if they are
defined.
2 −1 3 " #
h i 1 2
(a) A = 3 2 1 , B = 3
(b) A =
4 −5, B = 0 7
0 0 2
(5) Show that a square matrix can be written as sum of a symmetric matrix and a skew-symmetric matrix.
(6) Find inverse of the matrix
(if exists).
" # 1 1 1
1 2
(a) (b) 3 5 4
3 7
3 6 5
(7) State whether the following statements are True or False. Justify your answers with proper reason/
counter example.
(a) Matrix addition is commutative and associative.
(b) Matrix multiplication is neither commutative nor associative.
(c) If the matrices A, B, and C satisfy AB = AC, then B = C.
(d) (AB)T = AT B T .
1
(e) (A + B)T = AT + B T .
(f) Inverse of non-singular matrix is unique.
(g) Product of two invertible matrices is invertible.
(h) Sum of two singular matrices is singular.
(i) (A−1 )T = (AT )−1 .
" # " #
a b 1 x
(8) Let A = . Find products AS and SA for the matrix S = . Describe in words the effect on
c d 0 1
A of this product.
(9) Let A be a square matrix. (a) If A2 = O show that I − A is invertible. (b) If A3 = O, show that I − A
is invertible. (c) In general, if An = O for some positive integer n, show that I − A is invertible. [Hint:
Think of the geometric series.] (d) Suppose that A2 + 2A + I = O. Show that A is invertible.
Part-II: Determinants
(1) Find determinant of the matrix.
5 0 0 0
" # −3 2 1
2 1 8 0 0 0
(a) (b) 4 5 6 (c)
3 4 −4 6 2 0
2 −3 1
2 0 2 −1
(2) Solve for x.
x 0 1
x+3 2
(a) =0 (b) 0 x 3 =0
1 x+2
2 2 x−2
(3) Find "|A|, |B|,
# AB, |AB|,
" A +#B, |A + B|. Verify that (a) |AB| = |A| |B| and (b) |A + B| =
6 |A| + |B|.
−1 1 1 −1
A= ,B=
2 0 −2 0
(4) Let A and B be square matrices of order 4 such that |A| = −5 and |B| = 3.
Find (a) |AB| (b) |A3 | (c) |3B| (d) |(AB)T | and (e) |A−1 |.
(5) Use Cramer’s rule to solve the system of equations (if possible)
4x1 − x2 − x3 = 1 , 2x1 + 2x2 + 3x3 = 10 , 5x1 − 2x2 − 2x3 = −1.
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