National Institute of Technology Rourkela
Department of Mathematics
Third Semester(Autumn), Academic Year 2023-2024
Course: (MA 2203) (Assignment)Tutorial: II
Instructor: Dr. Manas Ranjan Tripathy August 20, 2023
1. What is a random variable? Classify the types of random variables with proper
explanation and examples. Otherwise write a short note on random variable.
2. What is the basic difference between discrete random variable and continuous
random variable?
3. Let us toss a coin thrice and Ω be the sample space. Let S be the class of
all subsets of Ω. Define X a function from Ω → R as X(w) = absolute value
of the difference between number of heads and number of tails. Is this X an
random variable? Justify your answer.
4. Do the following function define a distribution function?
F (x) = 1 − e−x , if x ≥ 0,
= 0, if x < 0.
If yes find P {−∞ < X < 3}.
5. Find the value of k for which the function
f (x) = kx, if 0 ≤ x < 1,
= 2 − x, if 1 ≤ x < 2
will be a PDF. Further find P { 16 < X ≤ 74 }.
6. Let X be an random variable with PMF
e−λ λx
P {X = x} = , x = 0, 1, 2, .....
x!
Find the coefficient of skewness and kurtosis for this distribution.(Refer Hint
of Q. 16)
7. A petrol pump is supplied with petrol once a day. If its daily volume of sales
(X) in thousands of liters is distributed by: f (x) = 5(1 − x)4 , 0 ≤ x ≤ 1, what
must be the capacity of its tank in order that the probability that its supply
will be exhausted in a given day shall be 0.01?
8. Define what is distribution function of a random variable X. Do the function
F (x) = (1/π) tan−1 x, −∞ < x < ∞.
9. If X is a continuous random variable with density function,
{ 1
6
x+k if 0 ≤ x ≤ 3,
f (x) =
0 otherwise.
(i) Find the value of k. (ii) Find the mean and P (1 ≤ x ≤ 2).
1
10. Five fair coins are tossed simultaneously. Find the probability function or
probability mass function of the random variable X = N umber of heads and
compute the probabilities of obtaining (i) no heads, (ii) at least one head and
(iii) not more than four heads.
11. Let X be a random variable with PDF
1 2
f (x) = x (1 − x), 0 < x < 1
12
= 0, otherwise.
Find the distribution function, EX n , var(X) and further find P (0.2 < X <
0.5).
12. The diameter of an electric cable, say X is assumes to be a continuous random
variable with PDF: f (x) = 6x(1 − x), 0 ≤ x ≤ 1. Check that f (x) is PDF and
determine a number b such that P (X < b) = P (X > b).
13. Let X be a continuous random variable with pdf
f (x) = ax, 0 ≤ x ≤ 1
= a, 1 ≤ x ≤ 2
= −ax + 3a, 2 ≤ x ≤ 3
= 0, otherwise.
Determine the constant a and compute P (X ≤ 1.5). Ans: 1/2, 1/2.
14. With the usual notations, find p for a binomial variate X, if n = 6, and
9P (X = 4) = P (X = 2). Ans: 1/4.
15. Let X be binomial random variable having usual pmf P (X = x) = C(n, x)px (1−
p)n−x , x = 0, 1, 2, . . . , n. Then find the moments about origin, E(X k ), where
k is a positive integer. Further find skewness and Kurtosis of X. (Hint: For
any random variable X with E|X|4 < ∞, Skewness is defined as α3 = (µ2µ)33/2
and Kurtosis is defined as α4 = µµ24 . Here µk = E(X − µ)k .)
2
16. In a book of 520 pages, 390 typo-graphical errors occur. Assuming Poisson law
for the number of errors per page, find the probability that a random sample
of 5 pages will contain no error.
17. Show that in a Poisson distribution with unit mean, mean deviation about
mean is 2e times the standard deviation. (Hint: Mean deviation about mean
of an r.v. is given by E(|X − µ|).)
18. Find the mean and variance of Hypergeometric distribution.
19. Discuss the relation between Binomial, Poisson and Hypergeometric distribu-
tions.
20. Average number of accidents on any day on a national highway is 1.8. Deter-
mine the probability that the number of accidents are (i) at least one, (ii) at
most one.
2
21. If X is a Poisson variate such that P (X = 1) = P (X = 2), find (i) mean and
(ii)P (X = 4), (iii) P (X > 1) (iv)P (1 < X < 4).
22. Suppose 5 points are chosen randomly from the interval [1, 2] which has uni-
form density f (x) = kx, in [1, 2]. What is the probability that exactly 3 points
will exceed 1.5.
23. Let IA (x) = 1, if x ∈ A otherwise 0. Is this function an random variable?
Justify it.
24. Solve Problems from Erwin Kreyszig (10th Edition): Problem Set
24.5, Problem Set 24.6, Problem Set 24.7, Problem Set 24.8. (I have
attached the book for your information) in the mail.
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