Course of fluid mecanics
Semester: 3
Teaching unit: UEF 2.1.2
VHS: 45h00 (Class: 1h30; TD: 1H30)
Credits: 4
Coefficient: 2
Teaching objective:
Introduce the student to the field of fluid mechanics, and statistics on fluids will be detailed in
the first part. Then in the second part, the study of the movement of non-viscous liquids will be
discussed at the end, while the movement of real liquid will be studied.
Program to follow
Chapter One: Properties of fluids
Physical definition of a fluid: states of matter, divided matter (dispersion suspensions,
emulsions)
Ideal fluid, real fluid, compressible fluid and incompressible fluid.
Specific mass, density
Rheology of fluids, viscosity of fluids, surface tension of fluids.
Chapter two: static of fluids
Definition of pressure, pressure at a point in a fluid
Basic static law of fluids
Pascal’s theory
Calculation of compression forces: flat plate (horizontal, vertical, inclined), center of
buoyancy, static pressure measuring instruments, pressure measurement
Atmosphere, barometer, Torricelli’s law
Pressure for overlapping immiscible liquids.
Chapter Three: Dynamics of ideal incompressible fluids
Permanent flow
Continuity equation
Mass flow and volumetric flow
Bernoulli’s theorem, case without work exchange and with work exchange.
Applications for flow and speed measurement: Venturi, membranes, Pitot tube.
Euler’s theory
Chapter 4: Dynamics of real incompressible fluids
Flow systems, Reynolds experiment
Dimensional analysis
Flow regimes, Reynolds experiment
Linear head losses and singular head losses, Moody’s diagram.
Generalization of Bernouilli’s theorem to real fluids
Evaluation mode: Continuous monitoring: 40%; Final exam: 60%.
Definition of mdf
Fluid definition
Is a continuous material medium, deformable, without rigidity, which can be deformed under the
action of a very weak force. A fluid represents the gaseous and liquid states of matter. From this
definition, we can derive the following characteristics of a fluid:
A fluid does not have its own shape, so it deforms easily; The molecules of a fluid are slightly
bound together (the case of liquid) or even free and without mutual interaction (the case of gas).
Characteristics of Fluids
Gas or liquid state
“Large” molecular spacing relative to a solid
“Weak” intermolecular cohesive forces
Can not resist a shear stress in a stationary state
Will take the shape of its container
Generally considered a continuum
Viscosity distinguishes different types of fluids
Type of fluids
Perfect fluid and viscous fluid
A perfect fluid is a fluid whose flow occurs without friction. That is to say: the contact forces
transmitted to the surface of an element by the surrounding elements are always normal to the
surface elements on which they act.
A real fluid is a fluid whose movement is accompanied by a resistance called viscosity force,
opposing the sliding of fluid layers on each other. The fluid is then said to be viscous.